Mauu hānai: kao ka rue,, clover, alfalfa, ono clover. Pono keia mau mea waiwai, mahi

Makahiki a perennialʻohi ai i ka mauʻu wanawana - waiwai ulu i mea ulu no ka holoholona hānai. Wehewehe aku ma ka hua maikai,'aiaola waiwai, a i ka mea nui a me ka versatile kūlana ma ka hooikaika ana o ka ai na kumu. Ulu ia ma uliuliʻohi ai, silage, haylage, hay, mauu palaoa , a meʻai moʻomeheu.

Mauuʻohi ai - he waiwai ai, no ka mea, iloko kumuʻiʻo, carbohydrates, puluniu, a me kela nā wikamina a me nā minelala hao i mea nui no ka maʻamau ana a me ka ulu ana o na holoholona. Kona aneiai cia hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kou kino, productivity, palatability o ka holoholona, e like me ka prevalence i loko o kekahi wahi.

Ano o kaʻohi ai i ka mauʻu wanawana

I ko makou aupuni ua mahi nui ma mua o 80 laha 'o kēia moʻomeheu, a ma laila nō ma kahi o 5,000 aina maoli.

All mauu i ai e māheleʻia i loko o 4 pūʻulu:

• mohihi;
• kiliala;
• sedge;
• forbs.

No ka mea lōʻihi like 'ole o ke ola o ka mauu i ai hiki e' o ka a me perennials.

Ka ohana o legumes

Beanʻohi ai i ka mauu eʻohi ai i ka aina o ko mākou'āina, ua loaʻa i loko o ka poe liilii, dala, akā, i ke 'ano kiʻekiʻe hanai waiwai: ka moʻomeheu mea waiwai ma ka kumuʻiʻo, a ua aiia maikaʻi ma holoholona. Ka loa he ākea clover (ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, a pink), Lotus corniculatus, alfalfa, he lenalena, Meadow, etc. o ka huakaʻi.

I ka ohana o ka mauʻu wanawana

Kēia pūʻulu Ua laha ma aneane nā wahi (koe wale no na waonahele) a me ka hoʻolako ka hapanui o kaʻai i waena o ke kulaʻohi ai 'ole mauʻu (pinepine mai i 80-90%). Ka hapanui o kiliala i ke kiʻekiʻe leo hanohano, ka oi aku i loko o ka opiopio o ko lakou kulana. Ma senouborki i maloʻo ana i kēia mau lau nahele e pono i ka malamaia lau, a nō ka loa waiwai māhele. Ka loa he ākea kiliala e like me hulu, quackgrass, Ostrets listen'ōlelo.

Sedge mauu i ai

A hiki i keia pae ana o lau nahele nā mea kanu o kaʻohana Cyperaceae a me Juncaceae. Mau hana 'ike loea i manaoia e ia i uuku ka waiwai i loko o ka hānai manao, a me ka oiaio,ʻino ai ia e na holoholona, akā, ma ka akau wahi o ka ululaau ciia pinepine e i ka bulk o ka mauʻu (ka wai sedge, Carex slender, a me na mea e ae). A i loko o ka wao nahele, a kalaka nui-waonahele, he nui sedges i waiwaiʻohi ai i ka mea kanu.

motley mauʻu

Kēia pūʻulu nā mea a pau'ē aʻe Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau kanu ohana. Mauʻu wanawana - Louka mauuʻohi ai, a hiki i kekahi manawa e mai ai i 60-70% o ka Awai. Ke kumu nui loa o ia mea o ka nui oicyenoaaiiie nui. Mea kanu o keia pae oi nutritious ma mua o kiliala, akā, ka hapanui o ia mau mea e emi ai e na holoholona, no ka mea o ka mea awaawa ono, thorniness, pubescence a me kekahi poe e ae. Small maʻiʻo mauʻu wanawana (cuff, dandelion, cumin, etc.) I ke ku (20%) - kupono e hoʻohana no ka mea, o ka mea pōhaku haku mele? ienoai aa palatability, a hānai i kona mau poʻe holoholona.

A nui helu o ka lau nahele e pae ana ma ka herbage mauʻu hoʻohana mea nui undesirable, no ka mea,:

• ka mea, displaces ka oi waiwai legumes a me kiliala;
• i waena o nā mauʻu wanawana loaʻa he wahi lihi iki o ka nāhelehele (kahua bindweed, puakala melemele a me kekahi poe e ae.) a me kaʻawahia (niho buttercup, hellebore, milestones niho aconite a me kekahi poe e ae.) mea kanu.

E hanai makahiki mauʻu wanawana

Ke peculiarity o ka makahikiʻohi ai i ka mauʻu wanawana i ko lakou ulu ana kalapona Ua ana i loko o ka makahiki, a me ka mea make. Kanu no ka greenery ma ka ai ana, silage, e like me ia i kekahi kiaʻana i kānaʻai. Makahiki mauʻu wanawana haawi kiʻekiʻe e haawi i ko o ka uliuli nui, i ke kiʻekiʻe'aiaola waiwai, i ka pōkole ulu manawa.

Aie i ka mea i ka mowing kanu oo ia lŘlŘ i ka hola 50-60 lā, i kēia mau hana 'ike loea i paʻa mau no ka waena ulu, ma ka mumulu hui.

Makahiki mauʻu wanawana i maheleia i mau hoailona ia mea:

• mohihi;
• bluegrass (kiliala).

Makahiki legume ʻohi ai i ka hua i lūlūʻia i loko o kakahiaka wai. Ka loa waiwai mea kanu - kupulau a me ka hooilo vetch, hoouka i ke kaua, i ai lupine, ornithopus.

Cereal mauʻu wanawana i oi wela-puni 'o ka, ka mea i kanuʻia i loko o ka luawai-paio hahana maoli ka lepo no ka hua o ka wanaʻao wai ulu. Ka loa waiwai i: Sudan mauu, panic, sorghum, makahiki ryegrass, Siberian millet, momi millet a me na mea e ae.

Perennialʻohi ai i ka mauʻu wanawana

Perennialʻohi ai ka mauʻu - lulu herbaceous mea kanu, ke ola expectancy o ka i oi aku mamua o hookahi makahiki. Mea ulu no ka holoholona hānai.

I ka moʻomeheu nā oi ma mua o 50? Ueo o nā mea kanu. Ka mea i lūlūʻia ka hapanui olelo i loko o ka palapala o ka mauu nā mea huihuina, a mea he maikaʻi ia ma lunaʻohi ai ka pono a me ka lepo fertility. Lulu like maemae ulu, a e pili ana mahiʻai mea iʻohi kuapo.

I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, perennial mauʻu wanawana e ulu loa lohi, ulu i ka nāhelehele, a hiki paka haʻahaʻa e haawi i ko. Nolaila, ua paipaiʻia ka mea, ma hope o lulu kiliala paha lalani hua ma composted manure a me ka lepo.

Perennial mauʻu wanawana a me ka ai e māheleʻia i loko o:

• Poa (mauu). Ka loa, he pono ole: Timoteo, brome, perennial ryegrass, palaoa mauu, ryegrass loihi, Hawaii bluegrass, ryegrass mnogoukosny, slender wheatgrass, kīhāpai mauu, bentgrass keʻokeʻo, a me kaʻulaʻula fescue, foxtail a me na mea e ae.
• Legumes: alfalfa, clover keʻokeʻo, ula clover, clover a pink, sainfoin, Lotus corniculatus.

E ho okumu i ka lahui hoʻomāhuahua ai mauu nele i ka muli o kaʻaeʻana i ka papa kuhikuhiE mahiʻai hana o ka mahi moʻomeheu.

kao ka rue,

Kozljatnika pili i ka perennial uliuli o kaʻohana o nā legumes. Anei i ka lala pololei, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ka mea hiki i ke kiekie o ka 1 m, a me ka momona soils mea hiki ke ulu mai i 1.5 m. Ka mole'ōnaehana i ke kookoo type, germinates, a he 80 knm ma ka hohonu. Ma ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka helu o ke keiki hua. Mua, ka mea, hoʻomōhala horizontally i 30 knm, a laila germinate, a hana hou anei i.

Na lau imparipinnate stemmed mea kanu, mai ka 30 knm.

Kao ka rue, -ʻohi ai i ka mauʻu me ka haikea lila a uliuli pua e nana e like bele, a i ohi ia ma inflorescence-palaki. Ma kēlā me kēia anei i loaʻa hiki ke hanaʻia o ka 3-5 apana. Fruiting ia lŘlŘ i loko o Sepatemaba, a October. Ka papapa maka liʻiliʻi nui (2-4 knm lōʻihi), pouli alani, kokoke eʻeleʻele, 3-7 i ka hua anoano. Kao o ka rue, i ka uluʻano mālie, a ina ia mea,ʻaʻole hiki i ka Akuma ka ulu i 20 knm i loko o kona kiʻekiʻe, ka mea, he loa pinepine ka workpiece ua hoololiia a hiki i ka aʻe makahiki.

e hiki ke malama i ka pono o ka germination i i 8 makahiki anoano.

Kao ka rue, Ua hala loa he hau paa-hoʻopale mea kanu i hiki tolerate maikai a hiki loa i hoʻohalahala winters.

2 ikeia laha 'o kēia mea kanu'Ākia kao ka rue, (mea uliuli a pau i ai) a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

makahiki ryegrass

Loa waiwaiʻohi ai i ka mea kanu, e haawi ana i ka pono omaomao i ai a me ka mauʻu. Ka uliuli nuipa he 3.2% kumuʻiʻo, 2.3% kumuʻiʻo, 8% dietary puluniu. Kona eagerlyʻaiʻia e nā holoholona, ma ka hou, ia mea he maikai, e ai ana i wahi lulu manu. Makahiki ryegrass mauʻu nutritionally i emi iki mahope o mauʻu o ka panic, Sudan ka mauu a me ka 'ē aʻe cereal meakanu. Animalsʻai pono a me ka mauu. Kanawai e haawi i ko o ka mauʻu - ma kahi 7-8 na / Ke Kai o ka uliuli nuipa a - ia 20-30 T / aa, i ka hua - 0.5-0.6 na / aa.

Makahiki ryegrass he kiʻekiʻe otavnost, i ka ulu kau e haawi mai ai 2-3 oki ana. Ma hope o ka lua o ka mowing ulu aftermath hiki ke hoʻohana i wahi e hanai aiʻohi ai a hiki i ka hopena o kona haule ana, no ka mea, tolerates nīnūnē haule aiʻaihueʻia.

melilot

Kēia unpretentious makahiki paha elua legume, hiki e ulu ma ilihune loa, one, kahi a me ka palolo soils, e like me ia ma ia mau wahi ma kahi o ka topsoil. clover kanu mea i makau i Saline a me kona'ākilikai soils, akā, 'aʻole e tolerateʻakika ūnelunelu a me intermittent kaumaha'āina, a me ka pili koke ana o ka waiʻaina. Ke kumu'ōnaehana Ua ikaika a me ka pono ke kino, no laila, i kēia mea uliuli a pau e haawi aku i ka kekahi mea kanu maikai i loko o arid wahi kahi 'ē aʻeʻohi ai meakanu puhi. I ka hiki a hiki mai i 8,7 tons lawa mea o ka ua ohi ai ana o ka uliuli nuipa a / aa.

clover kanu ua ana hoʻohana ole wale i kaʻai akā, no hoi no ka uliuli manure.

Na anoano germinate i ka wela o ka mai 2 a hiki i 50 ° C, hoi e pana aku hiki ke ku imua o ke kūpaleʻana -6 ...- 5 ° C, a me ke anu-hoʻopale perennial kekahiʻano likeʻole he hau paa i makau i ka 40 ° C.

Sweet clover mea he waiwai nui kiʻekiʻe-kumuʻiʻo ai na mea kanu, i mea ole nutritionally wahi emi mahope clover, alfalfa a me ka sainfoin. Ua hiki pinepine e loaʻa i loko o ke kula mauʻu, hakahaka iho la, ala.

He wi-hoʻopale, anu-hoʻopale a me ka hoʻopale i kanu maʻi a me pests kupono no ka greenery, silage a me ka mauʻu. Hiki e ulu elua i loko o nā mea huihuina, e like me kā lākou iho.

keʻokeʻo clover

Ulu maikai ma ka one, loamy weaklyʻakika a'ākilikai soils. I ka makahiki mua o ka mauu (clover) mea hiki i ka pua, a paka anoano. I ka lua o ka makahiki o ke ola e hiki mai ulu kūpono 'ana. Ma kekahi wahi ke ulu mai ka 9-10 makahiki.

Mauu (clover), ona mau a me ka la-puni, hau hoʻopale. Ua Ua maikai nunui ma ka wahi me nā hua me aniau, ma kahi o ka wi.

Lulu keʻokeʻo clover mea he maikaʻiʻohi ai i ka mea kanu i pihaʻi me he wahi lihi iki o ke kumuʻiʻo. Pritaptyvanie holoholona ka wā ke mauu nei 'aʻole ole inhibit i ka mea kanu, ma ka mea ku ole, e ka poʻea pau i ka maikaʻi sprawl. Kanu i ka legume e iaono? Ienoai lepo fertility. Kona inclusion i loko o ka haku mele 'ana me Timoteo mauu nā mea huihuina, ryegrass a me nā mea kanu? Ienoai aa hānai kona mea e like ai ka mauʻu - mahuahua kumuʻiʻo maʻiʻo, phosphorus, momona, kalipuna, potasiuma, a me ka ho'ēmi i kā puluniu. I ka hua o ka uliuli nuipa i loko o nā kula - ma kahi o 60-120 kg / aa, hay ma kahi o 18-35 kg / aa, hua 3.0-5.0 na / aa.

alfalfa

He He perennial mauʻuʻohi ai legumes. Hoʻohana 'ia nā like uliuli i ai, a no ka loaa kiʻekiʻe ma Hawaiʻi mauʻu. no hoi Alfalfa na anoano mea hoʻohana no ka lāʻau lapaʻau hana. Culture iaono? Ienoai lepo 'ole, e like me naikokene-waiwai ka lepo, e luku i ka nāhelehele. Wehewehe aku ma ka kiʻekiʻe ia'ku i ka wi a me ka hooilo hardiness. I herbage e paa mai i ka 10 makahiki a oi. Ma hope o mowing ulu lohi.

Ua kanu 'Oi ka makemake e hanaiʻeleʻele ka lepo, ulu-hehi Lok, peat a me kaʻeleʻele poʻo soils a me nā Lime-waiwai lepo. Alfalfa ulu poorly ma waterlogged, a kaumaha palolo soils.

Kēia mea kanu he ka hailonaʻana o nā wikamina a me kumuʻiʻo. Ua ua pono hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo ma herbivores. Alfalfa hua lūlūʻia nā ma ka maemae palapala, a ma ka admixture.