Mōʻaukala o Rusia: "Deulino truce"

I ka 1618, 1 (11) o Dekemaba, ma hope o ka pōʻino hope o ka hoao ana o ka auamo, e lawe Moscow, ma ke kauhale o Deulin ma waena o Rusia, a ua manao ka mokuaina aelike. Kēia maluhia Kuikahi kukuluia bezvoenny wā o 14,5 makahiki. I ka 'aelike i kapa ia ka "Deulino truce."

Ke outbreak o ke kaua

Kauoha aku, no ka mea, o ka hoʻomaka o Lūkini-Polish kaua o ka 1609 ua noʻonoʻo pono. Nā makahiki mua o ka oihana koa kai eʻe ua loa holomua no ka mea Polish-Lituania hao wale. I ka wā mai ka 1609 a hiki i 1612 , lanakila ae la lakou, a hookupaa i ko lakou mana i loko o māhele nui o ka palena Rusia. Ma keia wahi i hui pū me ka nui i ia manawa Smolensk hūlili. Russian kulana home 'ole ua like lolelua ka i ka manawa. Ma hope o Vasiliy Shuysky i lukuʻia, ka mea i hele mai i ka mana i ke Aupuni Kuikawa, oia no reputable elele o boyars. Ma kā lākou iho, ma August 1610 ia pūlima i 'aelike ma luna o ka hana o ka noho aliʻi Lūkini o ka Polish Prince Wladyslaw Vasa, a me ka pōkole i loko o ka mokuna o Moscow, ka Polish ka pā kaua. Naʻe, i ole destined mau manao e hele mai nei. I 1611-1612 makahiki ma Moscow, he militia e hana ana me ka ikaika Anati-Polish wale. Mau koa kahu ai, e pau ka i ka mua Polish-Lituania poʻe hao wale, mai ka palena o ka Moscow māhele 'āina, a ma ka wā e hiki mai, i loko o nā makahiki 1613-1614, a me ka helu o ka nui Lūkini kulanakauhale.

Ka lua o ka ho'āʻo

I ka 1616 Vladislav vase hui me ka Lituania hetman Yanom Hodkevichem, a hou ka ho'āʻo 'ana e noho ma ka noho aliʻi Lūkini. Au e olelo aku ia ia mea ma ia manawa no mua a hiki i Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov. Koa hui kaua laki: ka mea, ua hiki e noa ai i ka hoʻopilikia Smolensk Lūkini poʻe kaua, a neʻe i loko o ka'āina a Mozhaisk. Ma hope o ka loaa ana i ka 1618 he kilo no ka Ukrainian Cossacks, alakaʻiʻia Hetman Peter Sagaidachnogo Rzeczpospolita koa hiki Moscow. Ma hope o ka pomaikai ole oe hoouka ma ka Lūkini kapikala o ka Polish-Lituania poe koa e pee ai a hiki i ka wahi o ka Trinity-Seregio hoailona. Petr Sagaydachny kona poe kanaka e hele aku i loko o Kaluga māhele 'āina. Ma lalo o kēia mau ana, Rusia, ua pono e holo pihoihoi iho la ia manawa a me ke kaua ma luna o nā fronts, i puʻe wale e kakau i ka maluhia Kuikahi me ka ike lakou malaila aku ana.

Ka mua kahua o ka hopena o ka aelike

Ka wahi ua manaoia e ia i ka hoʻomaka o ke kūkā 'muliwai o Presnya. Ka mea, i paʻa i loko o 1618, 21 (31) o Okatoba. Ka halawai mua i ole lawe mai i kekahi hopena. Aoao hooku iho la ia i ka lani kiekie loa koi no kekahi i kekahi. Penei, 'elele o Wladyslaw Vasa Koi ikaika ma luna o ka' ike ai o kana wale kupono Russian Tsar , a ninau mai la i kona hoʻololi ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o Pskov, Novgorod a me Tver aina. Russian, ma ka huli, Koi ikaika ma luna o ka hoʻi koke mai o nā wahi a me ka withdrawal o kaʻenemi poʻe hao wale, mai ka aina mai o Rusia. Ka lua o ka halawai, a i wahi ma 23 October (2 November) 1618 e paa ana ia oi holomua. Russianʻaoʻao koi e hookupaa nui ae i ka iwakalua-makahiki truce ma ka hoʻi no kaʻaelike ai, e hoohui Roslavl a me Smolensk. Ke Polishʻaoʻao hoole Wladyslaw Vasa kuleana i ka nohoalii Lūkini, akā, pono e hāʻawi Pskov aina. Nō hoʻi, 'elele o ka mokuaina Koi ikaika ma luna o ka hoi ana mai o nā mea a pau mua lanakila' o ia i ka Lituania wahi, a piha ka uku no ka lilo hoʻonui i ke kaua.

lua o ka wāwae

Ma hope o neʻe maila i ka Polish-Lituania kaua i loko o ka Apana o Trinity-Seregio hoailona ke kūkā 'noho iho la malaila kāinoa mua. I ka Ia manawa pâʻani ai e ku e ia lala elua o ka oihana kaua. Polish-Lituania koa ua hoano e nui pilikia a me ka lako hou i ka ai, e hele mai ana ke anu lawe hou, a nui ka pilikia. Mālama haʻahaʻa ma ka hoʻolako 'ia o ka wahie i kekahi mau'ōhumu mai me na mercenaries, i waena o ka mea a ka mea i manaʻo mua i haʻalele i ka wahi o ka poe koa. Ma keia kulana, kupu kaili wale ia a me ka looting ka kūloko heluna ma ka aoao o ka Polish-Lituania koa, o ka oi akuʻokoʻa i loko o ia ka Cossacks. Ka protracted kaua a me ka loa hopena maikaʻi 'ole ma luna o ka naʻau i loko o ka poʻe e noho lā ma Moscow, hapa o ka mea i he Polish alii. People i maluhiluhi o na pilikia a me na kaua. E like me ka hopena o ka ke kūkā 'ia i' aelike ma luna o ka manaʻo nui o ka truce. ala ae la pāonioni ma ka papa inoa pū i hiki ma lalo o ka mana o ka mokuaina kulanakauhale. No hoi, ka poe hiki ole ae ma ke kahe ana o ka helu i ka armistice, a me ka titular oihana Mihaila Romanova a me Wladyslaw Vasa. 20 (30) i loko o November 1618 ma lalo o nā paia o ka hoailona i hele ma ka poeikohoia o ka Lūkini kauoha malu. ekolu lā o nā kūkākūkā kūpono ma ka 'eʻe' "Deulino truce." Russianʻaoʻao ma lalo o puʻe mai o ka Polish-Lituania aupuni i ka papa i kekahi o ko lākou mau koi, a concessions.

kumu o na kumu

"Deulino truce" me Poland Ua hoonohoia no ka manawa o 14 makahiki a me 6 malama, oia hoi mai ka 25 December 1619 ma 25 Iune 1633. I ka mea o ka mokuaina hala: Smolensk, Roslavl, Dorogobuzh, White, Serpeysk, Novgorod-Seversky, Trubchevsk, Chernihiv, Monastic, a me ka aina a puni. Rusia hoi na kēia mau kūlanakauhale: Vyazma, Kozelsk, Meshchovsk, Mosalsk kahi o na kulanakauhale e like me Starodub, Pochep, Nevel, Red, Sebezh, Popova Mountains, a me ka aina a puni. "Deulino truce" me Poland ua hoakaka no ka hoololiia ana i hoakaka ia ma loko o laila mau kūlanakauhale a me nā kaiāulu i 1619, 15 (25) February. Together me nā kūlanakauhale a me ka aina hoololiia kupa a me ka waiwai ma luna o laila. A hiki i ka ia lā (1619, 15 (25) o Feberuari) i ka mokuna o Rusia i, e haʻalele a pau o ka Polish-Lituania a me ka Ukrainian kaua. No hoi "Deulino truce" ua hoakaka no ka hoonohonoho hou ana i poe pio o ke kaua. He Ua hoonohoia i 15 (25) ma Pepeluali 1619. "Deulino truce" me ka hoʻi iā Rusia wale no ka poe kalepa, alii ahaolelo, a me clergy. Ma lalo o nā hua'ōlelo o ka armistice aelike, ka Russian Tsar no hou ana i na inoa o Livonia, Smolensk a me Chernigov alii kiaaina. Ikona o St .. Rotehama ma Mozhaisk pio ma ka Polish-Lituania poʻe hao wale, hala Rusia. Terms o ka aelike surveying ka mau kihi aina i hoʻopaʻa 'ia no ke kau, 1619. "Deulino truce" i ka pono i ka noa ana i loko o ka mokuna o ka signatory'āina, Lūkini a me Polish-Lituania poe kuai. Ke koe o ke kulanakauhale o Kakow, Vilnius a me Moscow. Vladislav Vase kokua aku i ke kuleana e e kapaʻia i loko o nā palapala kūhelu o ka Polish-Lituania State Lūkini tsar.

Ka mōʻaukala manaʻo nui

Deulino armistice i 1618 - ka nui koa a me ka pili ka pomaikai o ka mokuaina i loko o ka confrontation me Rusia. Nā mokuna o ka Polish-Lituania moku'āina 'oni iki mamao i ka hikina. I ka wā mai ka 1616 a hiki i 1622 o ka mokuaina ?? eoi? I kona mōʻaukala kiʻekiʻe (990 tausani sq. Km). "Deulino truce" e formalize i ke koi a hiki i ka nohoalii Lūkini, mai ka Moi mai o Poland, a Grand Duke o Lithuania. No ka Rusia, i ka hōʻailona o ka berita armistice, ma mua kilohi, nana loa unattractive. Eia naʻe, kaʻoi loa no ka mea, o ka mea cessation o ke kaua a me ka Polish-Lituania koa i hiki aku ai ma ka aina ua koi 'ia ma hope o ka pilikia a malie iho la. A mau makahiki ma hope, ho'ākoakoa aʻela i kona ikaika, Rusia ka hehiʻana i ka truce ma ka paneʻe i ka Smolensk kaua. I ka hopena o ka mea, ua ka piha abandonment o ka noho aliʻi Vladislav kuleana. Eia hoi, e hoihoi aku kona kenekoa pōʻino hiki wale Rusia iloko o ke kaua Lūkini-Polish o 1654-1667 makahiki.