Petr Sagaydachny: pōkole Kawaihae, hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo, mōʻaukala kiʻi

Petr Sagaydachny haʻalele i paʻi ma ka mōʻaukala. Ke paio no ke kuokoa o Ukraine, aʻoi loa i ka noho alii ana o Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, hoomaka ae la kaʻoi loa ma Sagaidachnogo. Kona na makana i ka moʻomeheu o ka aina, i ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka Orthodox Church, a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i o ka Cossacks aole nae e e auhauia moʻolelo.

Peter Konashevych-Sahaidachny: he manawa pōkole Kawaihae (i ka 1600)

Ma ka mōʻaukala moʻokalaleo hoʻolako loa uuku 'ike e pili ana i ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka wā'ōpiopio, a me ka wā e hiki mai hetman o Ukraine. Ka 'oi kelakela kumu o ka' ike e pili ana i ka hoʻomaka o ke ola Sagaidachnogo - he poem ke poo o ka Kyiv hoahanau kula Kasiyana Sakovich. Iho la o Petero i hanau ma kahi o 1570. Place o ka hanau hiki ke waiho wale hoʻomālama ma luna o ka 'ike mai ka poem, - kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Przemysl. View Staff Prykarpattia ia manawa, ua hiki kuhi i keia kauhale Kulchintsy. Na na makua o kona kulana waiwai, akā, e like ka hapanui o na nā aliʻi, e paʻa ana i ka Orthodox manaoio.

Aʻo Petr Sagaydachny ka mua kula o ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe ma ka hikina Europe - ka Ostroh Academy. e hoolohe ana i ka piha papa o ke kula kēia ma hope, oia loaa he hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi loa. Ma ke kakahiaka nui ke ola o ka kaʻao mōʻaukala huahelu i kekahi mea hou aku ua ikeia.

Ka muli Sagaidachnogo ma Zaporozhye

Cossacks ma ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia i ka wale e kākoʻo ana-Ukrainian ikaika. E kū ai i ka efficient hana o ia i ka ikaika ikehu mana o ka Cossacks ua e hoouna aku i loko o ke ala e hiki aku akau. Sagaidachnyi mua hoonoho ia iho e like me ka hana a me ka hana ia.

Ka lā o ka pii a hiki i ka hetman paakiki e hoohewa aku, no ka mea, i kekahi mau wale nō. Ukrainian moʻolelo M. Melnychuk mai la ia i ka 1598 ano Konashevich i koho hetman. "History o Ukraine-Rus" Mihail Grushevsky i loko o kona hana expresses i ka manao ana o ka luna i ka 1601, wale i hele mai i ka Cossacks. Eia naʻe, blindly hilinaʻi kela mea keia mea o ka luna wale nō i i pololei ole.

I ka nele o ka 'ike e pili ana i na makahiki o ke ola ana o ka luna ma hope o ka Ostroh Academy paipai ana ma ka Zaporozhye iaʻikeʻia ma kahi e ma hope o 1595, akā, koke lilo hetman, ia i hiki ole. Mākou i e loaʻa i ka hilinaʻi o ka Cossacks i loko o ke kaua. Loa paha, Peter Konashevych-Sahaidachny (Hawaii photo pili ma ke ano o ke kiʻi), i koho 'ana i ka lāʻau kū i loko o 1602-1606, niioaaonoaaiii.

pili aupuni wale

First hetman, ka poe i makemake e uhai noa, mai ka Polish rula, ua Peter Konashevych-Sahaidachny. Statesman no ka mea, huli mai maikaʻi. E like me ka mea, Ua hoʻolala e hoʻomaopopo i kona moe? Ka manaʻo ua he gradual hoʻoikaika 'ana o ka Cossacks. Hoʻokahuli aupuni kāu kiʻina hana e hana ai i ia manawa ka mea, ua hiki ole, no ka mea, nui loa ikaika o Poland, a me ka Ottoman aupuni a pau, a me ka Zaporozhian kaua, ua ole i hoʻonohonoho 'ia e like me ka mea pono.

Sagaidachnyi paa hoʻomalu mihi. Ano Mokuahana ae la ka mokuna o Zaporizhia Army i loko o regiments me ioauoa ma nui kulanakauhale. Ma ka mokuna papa he na colonels nana i alakai i ka holoʻokoʻa kūloko mana. E like me ka hopena o keia mihi ke hoʻoikaika i ka mana vertical ma ka hema-pali Ukraine.

Pili aupuni maikaʻi Petr Sagaydachny ike ka kūʻokoʻa Ukrainian moku'āina hoomaluia Cossack kālai'āina waiwai.

Ka mua huakaʻi

Petr Sagaydachny like me ka luna koa ia ia iho aneane koke ma hope o ka lawe ana i ke alakaʻi kūlana. I ka mua o ka mea kaulana marches i wahi i ka 1605. Zaporozhye koa laila, luku Varna (Turkish pā). Ke symbolism o keia lanakila ana November 10, 1444 ka Kauai i luku mai i nāʻauamo ma Varna. Petr Sagaydachny pu me kona poe kanaka slumped i ke kulanakauhale ma ka moana, pae lākou poʻe kaua ma ka hana ana i ka mea aniani moakaka i ka o Tureke, a 'ae' e hahi i ka kūloko ka pā kaua. Ke kumu o ke kai eʻe i loaʻa, no ka mea, o ka Cossacks hookuu kauwa, a ua i ka puu, a me ka mea, i ka puu o Nā Kia.

Kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma hope o ka hele ana i Varna Petr Sagaydachny ke Cossacks i kai holo. I ka papa kuhikuhiE manao ana o kēlā me kēia auoiaea i loko o ke kai - ka liberation o Ukrainians i loko o nā kūlanakauhale o ka Black Sea, e hoʻomalu aku i ka manawa o Kauai a me Crimean Khan, a kuai lilo aku i loko o ke kauwa wahi kanaka. Eia hou, i ka Cossacks i lawe mai ai, mai na mea he nui okoa? Iecaianoaaiiuo paipai aʻo kai eʻe. 1607 i koho ma ka ho'āhewa wale 'o Cossacks ma ka Krymskoe Hanstvo (puhi Perekop a me Ochakov). ʻO kēia makahiki, i ka Cossacks hooukaia mai i kekahi kūlanakauhale ma kaʻaoʻao hema o ka makana Odessa māhele (Kiliya, Izmail), a lawe mai i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka poe kauwa kahiko.

An Enduring Hikes o ka 1614 a me ka 1616 o ka

kai holo moʻo i ole i pau ai. Ko lakou mana ua wale e māhuahua. Hike ia Tureke iho ua loa mamao a me ka risky, akā, i ka pahu hopu ua maikai - e hanaʻino i kaʻenemi, a me ka kala o ka poe pio. Elua tausani Cossacks ma luna o kona mau seagulls kiʻi i ka mokuna o ko Tureke. ua hiki e luku i ke awa kulanakauhale o Sinop lakou. Ke dala like paha o ka poho ua oaeuiinoe i 40 miliona zlotys. Ma keia kai eʻe Cossacks hookuu na tausani o ka poe pio o Orthodox kumu.

Ke ano nui o ke kai eʻe a hiki i Cafu i ka 1616 ka pilikia e overestimate. Petr Sagaydachny like me ka luna koa ia ia iho loa maikai, no ka pomaikai nui i kaukaʻi ma stealth. Ma ka OAAIeOO o ka Dnieper i loko o ka Sea Cossacks holo i loko o ka pūʻulu o Turkish palena galleys, a i ke kaua. Cossacks lanakila a ua hoopunipuni mai ka Kauai: kekahi seagulls (a malaila ua noho 150) hele mai hoʻi i ka i hoʻomoana ai, a ua hūnāʻia kokoke Ochakov na mea e ae. Na Kauai, manao iho la ia e hele i ka Cossacks. ole hou nā pilikia i loko o ka Cossacks lakou. Eo ka cafe nae ka manawa, e hoʻi i ko lākou mauʻohana he nui helu o Orthodox kauā.

Peter Konashevych-Sahaidachny. Historical kiʻi o Hetman moʻomeheu kulekele

Sagaidachnyi i kekahi o ka loa hoʻonaʻauao kanaka o ia manawa i loko o Ukraine. Kona hoʻomaopopo i nā Cossacks ua nae koa waiwai o ka hui, akā, i nā mea a pau o ka ia i ma ka liʻiliʻi loa kekahi hoʻonaʻauao, ua hoʻoholo e hui i ka Cossacks ma Kiev launa hoahanau. Ka pahuhopu: 'ō nohona kuʻuna i loko o Ukraine, a e hoohaunaele ana i ka nohona kiʻekiʻe o ka Cossacks.

Eia hou kekahi, Peter Konashevych-Sahaidachny (ua haawiia pōkole Kawaihae i loko o ka 'atikala) i hoʻonohonoho' ia i ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka Orthodox Kiev Oihana. Ma hope iho o ka hoolaha ana o ka Union o Brest i ka 1586 kokoke i na ekalesia a me cathedrals lilo i ka waiwai o ka Helene Hui Church. Ma ke ala, mai Moscow a hiki i Ierusalema ma Kiev i papani ai hoi i ka papa kuhikuhiE Orthodox hierarch Teopilo, ka mea ana i halawai hetman. He wehewehe i ka makua'lii i hiki ai ia mai ai me ka Ukrainian Orthodoxy. By olelo hooholo o Teopilo, aponoia ma lalo o ka aoao o ke noi Hetman, i ka 1615 Kiev Metropolia i ua hoihoi hou ia; Orthodox Church loaa no hoi na mea he nui kona waiwai. He Ua koho Kauhalenui o Kiev a me 6 poe kahu, poai puni i ka oihana i loko o ke kula.

Cossacks komo i loko o ka hele ana ma luna o Moscow

I ka 1618, kaua akula i kaʻauamo ma luna o ka Luna Nui Duchy o Moscow. Hoʻomaopopo i ka mea, i loko o nele o ka oihana koa kōkua mai Zaporizhzhya, ke aupuni hoopii i Sagaidachnyi. O ka mea ike i ka ka manaʻo pohihihi o ke kahua o ka Polish moku'āina, ua kau aku i ka nui kālai'āina koi (ke noonoo ia ma lalo nei), a i aponoia. Wale nō ma hope o 'aelike i ka manawa kūpono, e hooko i ka olelo a Cossack kaua hele. Cossacks neʻe i loko o ka pā 'āpana o Muscovy hoʻokēʻai lawa. I loko o ke kai eʻe 20 Lūkini kulanakauhale, i kekahi o ia i pio ma ka Cossacks puhi. Zaporizhia Army a noi aku la i ka liana 'aneʻi, mau hoʻololi wahi o ka i kela kapa o ka muliwai Oka a me ka poe e i hoʻopio i ka hale kākela, a me ka ka hopu ana a hiki i pilikia. Petr Sagaydachny (hetman ka Kawaihae ka loa hoihoi ') hoʻoholo i wale kiʻi a puni na kulanakauhale e like me Kolomna a me Zaraysk. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka lele aku la i loko o Moscow hai ana i ka maluhia kuikahi kakau inoa ma waena o nāʻauamo, a me ka Muscovites.

Pili aupuni successes Sagaydachnogo

E like me ka diplomat, keia kanaka, hoi, ua loaʻa i ka hailona no Ukraine. Rzeczpospolita Ua haʻakoi e e concessions, a hooko i ka pono o kaʻaoʻao Ukrainian. I ka 1618, a hiki mua o ka Moscow kai eʻe, ka Cossacks i ke kihi o ke ana ma lalo nei:

• ka abolition o ka Polish hooponopono o ka Cossacks;
• Hetman legitimacy ma luna o ka mea a pau ?? eoi? O Ukraine;
• hoomahuahua i na Cossacks 'pono;
• kuokoa o ka Ahahookolokolo, mai ka auamo;
• ku okoa ana o ka hoomana ana o ka heluna kanaka.

Ka hope koi ia nona i hooikaika e ana oia i ka oihana o Orthodoxy ma ka aina o Ukraine, no ka mea, ka mea Uniate kahuna hoʻokō i ka loaʻeleu propaganda.

Ke pōkole ke ola o ka alihi kaua

War Poland a me Tureke hoomaka kokoke koke ma hope o ka oihana koa kaua me Moscow. hiki ole i na auamo hana me ka Cossacks - ka oihana koa mana loa nui i loko o ke aupuni. ʻano nui no ka hoopau wale o ke ola o Hetman kaua i wahi ma lalo Khotin (e ma Ukraine, Khmelnytsky māhele), kahi āna i loa eha.

Historical kiʻi o ka luna koa makemake e kāpili me ka 'ike e pili ana i kona ohana. He Ua mare, akā, ma ka mau ohana ola i Aʻole e holopono ana. Paha, i na kanaka ka mea,ʻaʻole i hānau no ka 'ohana, a no ka aina, no ka aina. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i kona hoʻoilina Hetman haawi wale i kana wahine, a ua hoʻoili ai i ka pono o ka ekalesia, monasteries a me Kyiv launa hoahanau.

April 22, 1622 i ka hetman nui o Zaporizhia Army make ana o kona mau eha ma Hawtin.

O ka holo ana, mōʻaukala 'aʻole i ike i ka subjunctive naʻau i loko, akā, ma ke kālailai i ka papa o nā hanana 1618-1621 makahiki, ua hiki ke lawe me ka nui oiaio, i ke ola Sagaidachnogo, maiʻaʻole e i ka maʻi-ola me ka make poino, Ukraine ke lilo kuokoa ole loa palahalaha kū kaʻawale. Ua ua paha keia makemake e loaʻa Petr Sagaydachny, he pōkole Kawaihae i mea olelo lealea, e hōʻike i ka nui o ka piha, a me kona ola no ka aina.