Mōʻaukala o Smolensk: i ka lā o ka liberation o Smolensk

Kokoke nā kūlanakauhale a pau Lūkini i kona mau hanana'ōlohe wiwo moʻolelo, akā, i kēia lā mākou, e kālele ana ma luna o St. Petersburg - kekahi o ka mea kahiko Lūkini kulanakauhale, Aia ma kahi o 400 ei mai Moscow, ma ka hema-komohana ka ao ao. Ma mua o mākou e hele mai ana i ke kumuhana o ka "Day o ka liberation o Smolensk mai Nazi komohewa", hoole iki i ka papa kuhikuhiE moʻolelo a me ke kikowaena kulanakauhale o Smolensk, i ka waiwai nui loa i loko o kekahi hanana.

pā kaua kulanakauhale

Ka mua hoomanao o Smolensk loaʻa i loko o Ustiugʻoihana aliʻi, i hana ia 862-865 makahiki. Me ka 882, ua hapa o ka Kievan moku'āina ke kulanakauhale, Prince Oleg ka hopuʻia a? Aaeaao ia i ka noho alii ana o Prince Igor. Heʻikeʻia i loko o ka kahiko mōʻaukala kalepa ala hele. Smolensk ua he kumu nui wahi o ke kuai, a akamai, i lilo ai no ka Slavic ohana Krivichy oaio, a me ka oihana koa hūlili.

I ka ninau o ka lā o ka liberation o Smolensk, mai ka Nazis i mea e maopopo maikaʻi kēia kiʻi, e pono i ka iki hou kama'āina me kekahi mau nui hanana no ke kulanakauhale. Ua, ka mea, ua ulu hoʻokele waiwai, i loko o ka XII kenekulia, ka mea, kū aʻela a hiki i ka aaieieno? A me ka nohona mawaena konu o ka Smolensk na'lii. I ke kūlanakauhale o ka heluna alakai i ka olelo kalepa, na na ma ka aelike mai ka 1229, a me ka Baltic lāhui kanaka a me Riga. I ka wā mai ka 1404 a hiki i 1514 makahiki, i ke kulanakauhale i kekahi hapa o ka Luna Nui Duchy o Lithuania.

Ke kaua no ke kulanakauhale

I ka 1410 Smolensk shelves me Polish a me Lituania koa naehana komo i loko o ke kaua o Grunwald.

Ma 1596-1602 GG. Smolensk Ua hoʻopuniʻia i ka pohaku paia, he pā kaua kūkuluʻia e ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone o ka Smolenschiny Fedor Kon. Kēia pakaua, a kapaʻia ma hope o ka Lūkini aina pohaku lei.

Iloko o ka hoomalu ana o Smolensk, i nā lā mai ka 1609-1611 makahiki., Ke kūlanakauhale hopu i ka auamo ma ka 1654, hou eo ia Russian.

Day o ka liberation o Smolensk, mai ka 'ōlelo Palani

Ma ka mōʻaukala o Smolensk ia mea nui, e hōʻike i ka makahiki 1812 - ka manawa o ke Kaua Honua 'Elua, ka wā i ke kūlanakauhale ma lalo o ke kaua hui Lūkini koa o Bagration a Barclay de Ka Tolly me Napoleon ka poe koa. Ke liberation o Smolensk, mai ka Palani lanakila ana November 4, 1812. Smolensk kulanakauhale i keia manawa iʻelemakuleʻino wale.

Ma ka XIX kenekulia ka mea, lilo iho la i kekahi Hub kulanakauhale o elima alahao laina, a no laila, loaʻa i ke kulanakauhale i loa koke. I ka hoʻomaka o ka XIX kenekulia he mau ma kahi o 20 hanalima, a kālepa hana. I ka 1929, St. Petersburg - i ka piko o ke komohana māhele.

September 25 - i ka lā o ka liberation o Smolensk, mai ka Kelemānia komohewa

I ka wā o ka Kelemānia fascist komohewa i hao i ka Soviet Union, ma hope o kekahi mau pule, e ia ka uku, July 10, ka mea e noho ana i ka paia o Smolensk.

Ma ka palena o ka Smolensk māhele, mai ka mua pule o ke kaua, a me ka weliweli hoʻokani mai loa ikaika kaua, a laila, loaʻa iā ia he mōʻaukala inoa - Smolensk kūlana pale kaua. He He mau-malama kali hou aku; i ka hoouka kaua ana o na poʻe komohewa Kelemānia o Moscow, ka mea, ua kokua mai ke kapikala e hoomakaukau ai no, a halawai pu me ka enemi poo-ma. Kēia mea i alakai ai i ka'opi o Hitler ka ia wä, kumumanao.

Ke kaua o Smolensk , Soviet lākou poʻe kaua luku 250 tausani koa a me na ilamuku o na Wehrmacht. Soviet poʻe hao wale 16 la, 19 la a me 20 la Army i loko o ka loa paʻakikī a me ka wela kaua i loko o ka Smolensk Apana UOAAaOON Solovieva i kela kapa, Dukhovshchina, Yelnia Yartsev a courageously īnea hoouka ma ka mana nui o ke Kelemānia kaua pūʻulu "Center".

Day o ka liberation o Smolensk ua no i kahi mamao. July 16, i noho 1941 Smolensk ma ka Nazis ma July 29 - a ua hina iho la Zadneprovskaya o ka Smolensk māhele.

Ia a me ka guerrilla

Soviet hao wale hiki ole ke hoomanawanui hou aku i ka oi koa o ka hoa paio, a ua kiola i haawi Smolensk. Mau kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale i noho ia e na kēia kanaka Kelemānia. Eia naʻe, ma i nā kauhale e pili pū i kaʻenemi hoʻohana 120 kīpoʻohiwi e naehana a me ka poe.

Hope, i hōʻike mai iā ia ma kahi o 10 tausani na koa a me na ilamuku, partisans a me ka lola honua Smolensk māhele i ka hoʻolilo 'ia', honorary Ka hoʻolilo 'ia a me nā mau mekala, i i hookoia 56 kanaka i ka inoa Hero o ka Soviet Union, i waena o lākou i ka luna o ka guerrilla mokuna Grishin SV a me guerrillas Peter Galetsky Vladimir Kurylenko.

ka lanakila

Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka September 25, 1943 - ka lā o ka liberation o Smolensk (kiʻi o ia manawa i hala a pau i ka weliweli HW ka weliweli a me ka ke kaumaha ana i hiki mai mākou'āina). Inā ke au mamuli e hahai i ka mōʻaukala kūʻiʻo, ka liberation o ka Smolensk hana i wahi, mai August a hiki i October 1943, a ua kuhi 'o "Suvorov".

I loko nō o ka mea e ole ai ka Soviet poʻe hao wale, ua mana oaoieei-lako a pan a me ka lawa Manpower, Smolensk no ua loa hookuuia mai o ka enemi.

Smolensk māhele ma mua o ka kaua ua he blossoming māhele 'āina, ma hope o ke kaua i ke kulanakauhale Roslavl, Gzhatsk, Vyazma, Yartsevo huli i loko o ka puʻu'ōpala.
Ma ka Smolensk o 8000? Eeuo hale 7300 i puhiia. Nazis brutally ke alahouana, a pana aku la ia 350 tausani civilians, i waena o lākou wale nō i loko o ka Smolensk make 135.000.

Māhele o ka Western Front, a me ka 70 huiʻia nō hoʻi ia i ka honorary inoa "Smolensk", "Yartsevkie", "Roslavl". Ma ka lā o ka liberation o Smolensk ma Moscow Ua haawiia mai ke aloha o ko 244 pu ka 20th artzalpami.

hanohano

I ka luna o ka Soviet Army P. F. Klepach ma luna o ka hale o ka hotele "Smolensk", i mea kekahi o ka mau kānaka ola i ku, ua hoala hou mai i kona ula hae. Ke kūlanakauhale holoʻokoʻa Uaʻaneʻane lukuia, akā, ma hope o ka piha lanakila o ko mākou Kelemānia fascist poʻe hao wale i loko o umi makahiki, ua hoihoi hou ia ke kulanakauhale, a hoomakaukau hou i.

I ka 1966, i ke kulanakauhale o Smolensk loaa mai i ka Papa Hanohano o Patriotic War I degere, Papa Hanohano o Lenin i ka makahiki 1983 a me ka inoa o Hero City May 6, 1985.

E kiʻi i ka maikaʻi manaʻo nei ke ana ia, ka wā e kipa Smolensk, e kipa i ka hanana a me kekahi o ka maikai o ke Kaua Honua II iau. Smolensk, e like me nā mea a pau i ka aina o Smolensk, paa ana me ka nuipa a na halekupapau a me obelisks. Eia jealously malama i ka hoomanao ana o ka mōhai, na kanaka hiki ole o ka poe i kaua aku ai i ka make ma ka paio ku e mai i ka poʻe komohewa hoʻopoina.