Nā kūlana'āina'o Crimean: nā palena, nā ho'olālā'ana i nā huaka'i

Pono ka mālama holoholona e palekana. Aia ma ko mākou'āina he mau lālā mālama a me nā wahi ākea. Ma kahi kūlana kūikawā e like me ka Crimea peninsula, he'āina mālama'āina no ka manawa lō'ihi. Ke Crimean Peninsula ka waiwai i loko o flora a? Aaoa, mea pōhaku kumu waiwai, mea pōhaku kumu - oe inoa ia. Eia hou kekahi, ia mea he nui mōʻaukala wahi mea,ʻo poachers a me ka eleele kuʻi.

Ka ho'okumu'ana i kahi lahui

Hoopuniia ma Aneane pau na aoao ma ke kai ua hoʻopili i ka pelapela a wale ka kŘpa a wahi paiki loloa o Crimea - he wahi maʻi o ke koena no ka tausani a me nā tausani o ka iauaeoia oo? Ecia, ka mea i ho oweliweli i ka hoʻoweliweli 'ana i ka hanana ano o ke kea laa, mea kanu. I mea e pale ai i ke'ano like'ole o ke'ano i ka makahiki 1923, ua ho'okumu'ia nā mea mālama'āina mua e ka Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR. 'O ka Crimean Wildlife Holy of the imperial hunts ('o ka makahiki o ke kūkulu'ia'ana - 1913) ua ho'onui'ia nā'āpana li'ili'i ma ka mauna Big Chuchel i 16,000 heketa a ma ia makahiki ho'okahi i ka 23,000.

'A'ole wale lākou i pana aku, akā i mahi pū'ia

Pono e ho'omaopopo'ia i ka Tsarist zaznik, hō'ike pinepine lākou i nā malihini i lawe'ia mai nei, me nā holoholona'ē a'e. I ka huaka'i, ma nā kuhikuhi'ana a ke kanaka tsar, ua ho'onohonoho'ia kekahi alanui maika'i, i kēia manawa aia ma lalo o ka inoa'o Romanovskoye highway.

Ma'ane'i, ke nānā aku nei nā'oihana jaarger kūkena nui i nā dia a me nā huaka'i hele, nā kao pyrenean, nā momi a me nā bison i lawe'ia mai Corsica mai. 'A'ole i like ka lahui a me ka mālama'āina, ua like'ole lākou i kēlā me kekahi i kēlā me ka mea ma lalo o ka palekana he'ano like'ole, i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona i ka hopena.

Nā manawa Soviet

I ka manawa e noho ai nā'ao'ao āpau a me nā mea a pau e noho ana ma laila, aia ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka moku'āina, he lālā kūlohelohe. Ua loa'a koke i kahi hui o ka Crimean kahi hale ku'i, kahi hale ho'olālā a me kahi hale kū'ai. Ua ho'omaka'ia kahi hana noi'i hana ma'ane'i. Akā,'a'ohe mea i koe: ke puhi'ia ka nahele i kahi he 1500 hecta, bison, pau loa nā dia a me nā dia, a ua'ānai'ia ka hale hō'ike'ike. Akā, ma hope koke iho o ka ho'oku'u'ia'ana o ka Crimea mai ka po'e kū'ē mai, i ka makahiki 1944, ho'omaka ka'āina ho'omalu'āina Crimean e ho'opakele a ua ho'onui'ia kona'āina i 30,300 hecta. I ka makahiki 1949, ua ho'okumu'ia kona lālā "Lebyazhyi Ostrovi". Aia i ka'ao'ao'ākau o ka peninsula a me 6 mokupuni, kahi nui o nā manu - a hiki i 265 mau'ano. 'O kēia mau mea, he 25 mau'ano e noho mau nei ma nā mokupuni, e like me nā swans. I ka wā o N. Khrushchev lāua'o L. I. Brezhnev, ua lilo ka'āina i mālama'ia i nā'āina hopu'āina,'a'ole i'ike wale'ia e nā pili kālā pili aupuni, akā,'o nā malihini ho'i. Ua ho'iho'i'ia ke kūlana o ka manawa i ka makahiki 1991.

Ka'ike'āina

He aha kēia palena'āina a he nui kona nui? 'O ka māhele o ka 44,175 ha ka māhele'ia i'elua mau'āpana. 'O ka lālā'o "Lebyazhyi Ostrovi" e noho ana i 9,612 mau ma ka'ākau komohana o ka māhele papahele o ka peninsula a me ka mahele o ka wai o ke kahawai'o Karkinitsky, kahi o ka Moana Uiuli, aia ma waena o ke kahakai o ka peninsula a me ka'āina. 'O ka 34 343 heketea i koe he mau ululā'au mauna a'o ka hapa nui o ka mālama. Aia nā māhele o ka Rula Nui o nā Mauna Kinikini, nā pali o Inner Mountain a me ke awāwa i waena o lākou. Ma ka mahele i ho'opa'a'ia'o Yalta Yayla lāua'o Gurzufskaya Yayla,'o Babugay-yaila a me Chatyr-Dag-Yaila. 'O Crimean yajly (ke kau'āina kauwela) he pae'āina'oia'i'o me nā piko. Ma Chatyr-Dag-Yail nā mauna ki'eki'e loa - Roman-Kosh (1545 m) a me Bolshoy Chuchel (1387). Ma keia hapa ma laila, he oi ki 300 mauna, kahawai o Alama, kowali a me ka umi na mea e ae.

'O ka honua holoholona a me nā mea kanu o ka'āina

He mea pono e ho'omaopopo i ka'oia'i'o he nui aku i ka ho'okahi'āina i Crimea. Aia nō i 'ano like nā hale ma nā headlands Opuk a me Marian, malaila Yalta, Kazantip, Karadag me ke koe, o "ka Astana wahi lepo wai" a me ke koe nō ka Crimea. Aia ma ka peninsula he'oko'a nā mea i helu'ia ma luna nei 30 mau māla 'ākau a me 73 mau lālā kūlohelohe. Ua waiwai nui'o Flora a me nā i'a e kūpono i kahi mea'oko'a. Hiki ke'ike'ia he 1200 nā mea kanu i ulu ma'ane'i, a he 29 o lākou i helu'ia ma ka Red Book of Europe. Ho'ohālikelike'ia ka hanana e 200'ano (160 mau manu, 37 mau mammals) o nā lau momona, a he 30 o lākou i loko o ka Red Book. Invertebrates - 8000 mau'ano. 'O ka māhele'ana o ka flora a me nā i'a e pili ana i nā belts ki'eki'e. Eia ka hapalua o nā'ano o ka pua a me nā i'a o Crimea.

He mea nui nā mana'o

'O nā palena o ka'āina kino Crimean, a ma kahi paha o kona kuahiwi nahele ma waho o ka "Swan Islands", ma ka'ākau komohana o ka peninsula, hiki ke'ike'ia ma ka mahele map-mahele. Ua'ike'ia'o ka nui loa ia o ka Crimimea.

Eia kekahi,'o ia a me ka mea mua loa. Maoli ai, ma hope o ka hoi ana mai o ka Crimea i loko o ka Russian Hui i nā mokuna a pau o ka caiiaaaieea no e e hoʻololi: oi pīhoihoi pale e e kū lā ma mua o ia mau mea.

'O ka ho'omana'o lō'ihi a kūpono

Ua hui'ia ka makahiki Iubili o ka Great Victory i ka Crimea a me ka hanohano. Ma waena o nā hanana he nui e mālama'ia ana no ka hala makahiki 70 o nā hanana e makemake ana e'ike ho'okahi i ka mea -'o ka wehe'ana o ke kipila ma ka ho'omalu'āina'o Crimean. Ua lilo ka Hale Hō'ike'ike'o Gloman Glory i mea kumu mua loa o ka ho'oilina o ka mo'omeheu a me ka mo'aukala i kūkulu'ia i ka makahiki i hala, a'o ka peninsula i mālama'ia he hapa o ka Russian Federation. Aia kahi hale ho'okipa ma kahi ki'eki'e o 1300 mau mika ma mua a'e o ke ki'eki'e o ke kai, ma ka'āina o ka'aha'ula'ula. He hō'ailona ia no ka ho'omana'o'ana o nā mea pili, a he nui loa nā helu. He 500 o lākou i hā'awi aku i ko lākou ola no ka ho'oku'u'ia'ana o ka Crimea.

Mahele i hā'awi'ia i nā mea ho'okele

Aia kekahi wahi o nā kuahiwi ma waena o Yalta a me Alushta. Eia ka mea kaulana'o "Gazebo of the Winds", kahi e'ike ai iā'Ayu-Dag, Gurzuf a me Partenid. Eia ka halepule'o Kosmo-Damianovsky, kahi i ho'omaka ai'o Savlukh-Su - kekahi o nā punawai ho'ōla kaulana o ke kuala. Aia kahi pā'ani nui loa. Ma muli o nā kumu he nui loa, ua kapu'ia ka hele kūikawā'ana i ka mālama'āina e nā po'e māka'ika'i, ke komo wale i ka hele ma mua, a ma mua o ka ho'onohonoho'ana me ka alaka'i.

Ke'ike nei ka ho'olālā'āina Crimean i kahi ola hou. 'O Alushta,'o ia ke kumumana'o mua o ka ululā'au o ka mālama'āina, kahi wahi kūikawā i loko o laila - eia ka mālama'ana i ka mālama'āina, ka hale ho'olālā me ka papa dendrozoo. 1600 mau hō'ike'ike o ka hale hō'ike'ike e pili ana i ka pua'a a me nā i'a o ka hale mālama, ka mo'olelo o kona hana'ana.

Nā alanui ala

Mai Alushta mai,'elua mau alanui e a'o ai i ka ho'ona'auao'ana. 'O nā huaka'i ho'olālā kino'ole o Crimean e hā'awi wale'ia mai kēia kūlanakauhale. 'O ke ala mua e lawe i 2 mau hola. Ho'olālā'ia e kipa aku i ka halepule'o Kosmo-Damianovsky a me ka mahi pā'ani. He 160 mau makahiki ka moneteria. Aia 22 km mai Alushta aku ma kahi ki'eki'e o 750 mika ma mua a'e o ka'ilikai. 'O kēia ka monastery o kahi kanaka hana,'o ka pā nui ma loko o ka Partenit kauhale. Trout aina i kukulu ia i ka 1958. Ho'ouna'ia nā po'e māka'ika'i e nānā i ka ho'olālā'enekema i ka lewa.

Ka Crimea Kūlana

'O ka helu alanui 2 me ka lō'ihi o 60 km ke kapa'ia'o "Crimea i mālama'ia". I loko o 5 mau lā, e ho'omaopopo a ho'okipa ka po'e ho'okipa i ka mana ho'okahi o kēia māhele o ka Crimea. Hele kahi huaka'i i Alushta a ho'opau ma ke ala'o Grusha, ke ala e pilikia loa ai, no ka mea he snine ia. 'O ka hapa o ia mea ka mea kaulana, i kūkulu'ia i ka 1913 alanui, i kau'ia e ke kauoha a Nicholas II, kahi i kapa'ia'o Romanovskoe ke alaloa, i ho'opuni'ia e nā holoholona hihiu. Ma ke ala he nui nā paepae nānā, kahi i hā'awi'ia nā pani. Ma waho a'e o nā mea'elua o ke ala mua, hiki i nā kipa ma kahi'o Chucheli Pass, kahi e hele ai ke ala i nā wao nahele a me ke kumu o ka muliwai nui'o Kachi. 'O ka hopena hope loa ka palena o ke ala,'o "Arbor of the Winds", aia ma kahi ki'eki'e o 1424 m ma luna o ka'ilikai. Ma waena o nā hi'ohi'ona ma lalo nei hiki iā'oe ke'ike "Artek". A laila e hahai ana i ka Nikitsky Pass a'o ka mea ho'omaha ke kauwela Red Stone.

Hō'ike

Hiki'ole ke wehewehe i nā mea'olu'olu o nā ala i koho'ia e koho mai, pono e'ike'ia. Hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo aku he'ano hoihoi nui ko ka Crimean Nature Reserve. 'Oiai ua ha'i'ia kekahi mau pō'ino, ho'opau'ia ka'ōlelo me ka lokomaika'i o ke'ano, ka nani o nā'ano like'ole, ka ea, nā hui kupaianaha o ke kai a me nā mauna.