Native Lūkini hua'ōlelo: examples. Obsolete Lūkini hua'ōlelo

Ma keia 'atikala, mākou e noonoo i na me ka ho okumu' ōlelo me obsolete a me ka oiwi Lūkini hua'ōlelo. Ma ke kumu o maoli Lūkini hua'ōlelo mea iʻaʻahu. Ua ninoieo o kekahi mau papa, a oko i loko o ka manawa o ko lākou mau hanana.

Indoevropeizmy

Ka loa kahiko o kahiko Lūkini indoevropeizmy mea, i mea, olelo i i hala i loko o kā mākou 'ōlelo, mai ka manawa mai o Indo-Europa ke kuʻikahi. Ma lalo o nā mea mahuʻi o ka noiʻi, ua ka Indo-Europa ka noho i loko o 5-4 kenekulia BC, maloko, i hui likeʻole ohana e noho ana ma luna o kekahi wahi 'ano nui. E like me ka noiʻi ma kekahi kānakaʻepekema, keia wahi i lalau mai ka Yenisei River a hiki i ka Volga muliwai. Mea e ae paipai i ka mea, ua he South Lūkini a Balkan-Danube IIeEeAIEUAA. Oia ka'ōlelo kaiāulu like Indo-Europa, ia i ka hoʻomaka oʻEulopa 'ōlelo, e like me kekahi hawaiian (e like me Sanskrit, Bengali).

Words, e hele ana hoʻi i ka proto-'ōlelo, ma muli o kēia kaiaulu ho i holoholona, mea kanu, nā minelala hao a me ke hooheheeia, ke ano o ka'ōnaehana, paahana,ʻano o ka kinship a me ka 'ē aʻe - i maoli Lūkini hua'ōlelo. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: Salemona, lāʻauʻoka, hae, Oie, keleawe, me nā hipa, me ka meli, he keleawe, ke keiki, makuwahine, ka po, ke kaikamahine, he hau, magnifier, hou, ka wai, a me nā stitching.

Common Slavonic hua'ōlelo

I kekahi papa o maoli Lūkini hua'ōlelo nā Common Slavonic, a i ua ili mai ka hoʻomaopopo like Slavic ( 'o ia hoʻi Proto-Slavic) Lūkini' ōlelo. Ka mea, i mālama ai i ke kumu ole wale o ko mākou 'ōlelo, akā, no hoi no a pau'ē aʻe Slavic. Kēia alelo-kumu ola i loko o prehistoric manawa ma luna o ka mokuna o ka Vistula, i ka pilikia, a me ka Dnieper. Kēia mau wahi i noho ma ka ohana kahiko o ka Slavs. e hina Common Slavic 'ōlelo i loko o ka 6-7 kenekulia BC. Pela i wehe i ke ala no ka hooulu ana i ka helu o Slavic 'ōlelo, a e pili ana i ka mea kahiko Lūkini. He oluolu ke ku mai Common Slavonic hua'ōlelo i loko o ia mau mea, o ko lakou, he pono ole ka molekumu o ua maopopo i keia la. No ka mea, he pono ole Slavic 'ōlelo ae a Russian. Primordially Russian Common Slavonic hua'ōlelo nā like ka integral hapa.

He nui wale mawaena o lakou i ka haʻiinoa. Mua o nā mea a pau, ka mea, o ka mea i ho'ākāka 'inoa i mea maoli Lūkini hua'ōlelo. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: o ka puu, poo, naau,ʻumiʻumi, kahua, pama, ulu lāʻau, mauna, Maple, birch, bipi wahine, bipi, hāmare, pahi, pitchfork, he hoalauna, he seine, he kauwa, he hookipa, he hoa, he spinner, he kahu hipa, he potera.

Aia i Hōʻuluʻulu, akā, e oi aku ka li mea. Mau mea: o ka makemake, ka manaoio, ka hewa, ka hala, ka nani, ka pomaikai, ka manaʻo, ka pāpā huhū.

Mawaena o ka na wahi e ae o ka olelo i na poe ma ka nui Slavic hua'ōlelo a me verbs: lohe, e nānā, i ka wahahee, e ulu. Ka haʻiʻano: kahiko, opiopio, maalea au, naauao. Numerals: ekolu, elua, hoʻokahi. Pronouns: oe, mākou, oe. Pronominal adverbs: ma laila mea. Kekahi kuleana pili i hua'ōlelo: ma luna, ae, a, e like me ka luna, a me na kanaka maoli Lūkini olelo. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike hiki ke hoomauia.

Common Slavic hua'ōlelo mea a ianoiyuaa a ma kahi o elua tausani huaolelo, akā, i kēia mea hala loa he uuku hua'ōlelo - kāna mau 'ōlelo Lūkini puke wehewehe'ōlelo. Ua nā ka loa mau hoʻohana ',ʻOkoʻa maoli'ākilikai nā hua'ōlelo i i hoʻohana nā ma ke kākau' ana, a ma ka olelo.

Ua kona kumu o ka Proto-Slavic 'ōlelo Slavic kona Lolina, a i okoa lexical, grammatical, a kani hiʻona a segregated i loko o ka kēiaʻekolu pūʻulu: ka hikina, komohana a me ka hema.

Hawaiian Slavic hua'ōlelo

Ke kolu o ka papa, i mea i loaʻa i loko o Lūkini 'ōlelo lakou i ka olelo a Old Russian (Hawaiian Slavic)' ōlelo. Kēia mea mua i hope manawa, a i pili ai i ke kumu o ka mea kahiko Lūkini hua'ōlelo. Kēia hua'ōlelo Ua hoʻomohala ma luna o ke kumu o ka hikina Slavic 'ōlelo, kekahi o nā pūʻulu ekolu, a i hui Old Slavic. kona manawa o ka hanana - 7-9 kenekulia AD. Ma e noho ana ma Hawaiian Europe hoʻi tribal kuikahi nei, Ukrainian, Lūkini a me ka Hawaiian kanaka. A no ke aha la ke koena o keia wā i loko o kā mākou 'ōlelo olelo i ikeia, a me ka' ē aʻeʻelua: ka Hawaiian a me Ukrainian, akā, ma kahi'ē i loko o ka 'ōlelo o ka hema a me ka komohana Slavs.

Oe ke koho i ka hahai pū e pili ana i ka East Slavic'ōlelo. I hoʻohana 'ia kēia mau hua'ōlelo ma ka' ōlelo, mai ka loa kinohi mai, i ole, ua lawe ia, ia mea no hoi he kanaka maoli Lūkini hua'ōlelo. examples:

- na inoa o na manu, na holoholona, squirrel, ilio, Duck, ka moa, bullfinch;

- i ka inoa o ka mea paahana. Huhui, koʻi;

- i ka inoa o ka hale 'ikamu: bākeke, nā kamaʻa puki, ruble, ke hoʻoiho;

- nā inoa o nā kanaka hana. Kukeʻana, kamanā, Miller, cobbler;

- i nā inoa o nā kauhale,: hooponopono, kauhale, a me nā lexical-semantic pūʻulu.

Nae Lūkini hua'ōlelo

Next, he ha, ahu iho, i hiki ke loaʻa hou - mea maoli Lūkini hua'ōlelo, a i hana ma hope o ka 14th kenekulia, oa i ka wā o ke kuokoa? Acaeoey o Hawaiian, Ukrainian a me ka Lūkini 'ōlelo. Ka mea, ua hōʻike lākou mau hoʻokoe no ka olelo ana o kekahi mau mea a me kaʻike manaʻo.

Maoli Lūkini hua'ōlelo hiki e hookoaia ma ke kumu o ka derivative: he leaflet, he bricklayer, he kaiāulu, he cloakroom, a me nā 'ākeʻakeʻa.

It E e kaulana i ka haku mele 'o ia ka' ōlelo hiki no hoi ia i ka olelo me kaʻano o ka non-maoli aa mea i hele derivation a hoohuiia me ka Lūkini prefixes, suffixes (ole-aoao, aoao, luna, aggressiveness, ipu lepo, aniani), e like me ka pono i loaa i ka luna 'kumu (locomotive , Radio pa alima). Ka mea, i nā mea he nui okoa slozhnosokraschennyh olelo, a ma ka 20th kenekulia hui mākou 'ōlelo: ka pā nüpepa, LPH, moena a me na mea e ae.

Ano, o ka mea maoli Lūkini hua'ōlelo mau e ulu me ka hou inclusions, a i hanaia me ke kōkua o ka olelo-hale waiwai o ko mākou 'ōlelo me ka hopena o kekahi mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana o nā hua'ōlelo ho okumu.

Obsolete Lūkini hua'ōlelo

'Aʻole' Imi hoʻohana i ka olelo, aole ia i koke nalo mai ia. Ka mea, ua maopopo no kekahi manawa i kana kamailio pu ana, hoike mai ia makou, mai na hana o ka fiction. ʻOiai ua olelo hana maʻamau o Pono no ia hou ua hoano e. Kēia mau hua'ōlelo lakou i ka OE hookoe o ka lelo a me ka mea i loko o nā puke wehewehe me ka kūikawā ia "obsolete.".

Kaʻina archaization hua'ōlelo

Nō kāu archaization kaʻina puka mai i nā. Mawaena o obsolete hua'ōlelo no laila, aia no kekahi poe i nui "ka hoao ana" (e like me keia, nolaila, heʻulaʻula, reche, vorog, keiki). Kekahi poʻe, mai kaʻeleu hua'ōlelo o ka haku mele 'ana i loko, mai ka mea i ka mea, e pili ana i ka Old Lūkini wā o kona ulu ana. I kekahi manawa hua'ōlelo lilo obsolete i loko o ka kŘpa a pōkole kōā o ka manawa, e hōʻike 'a me ka nalowaleʻana aku i loko o ka hope au. No ka laʻana, "Shkraba" i manaoia i na 20s "kumu". Kekahi mau olelo e like me "na hana i", "NKVD" obsolete loa koke. Mai i mau i ka mea i koho e like lepili i ka puke wehewehe like archaism kaʻina hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ai ināʻaʻole he piha.

Kumu o ka archaism

Aia nō nā kumu archaization hua'ōlelo hou. Ka mea, hiki ke loaʻa iā extralinguistic (extralinguistic) ano, ina ka pili hoole ana o ka pono o kekahi mau hua'ōlelo me ka lawelawe loli '. Akā, e hiki no hoi ia e conditional, a me ka'ōlelo kānāwai. Adverbs "lima'ākau", "oshuyu" (akau, hema), no ka laʻana, mai kaʻeleu hua'ōlelo nalowale aie i ka mea i ka hoʻomakaʻia o ka haʻiinoa ( "hema lima" - "Shuitsev" a me ka "lima'ākau" - "lima'ākau") arhaizovalis. Ma ia ano hihia, e hookani i kekahiʻano nui a Mānoa systemic pilina o kela lexical naehana. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana no ka olelo i koe "Shuitsev", a nolaila disintegrated ma ka ia semantic loulouʻokoʻa hua'ōlelo i i mergedʻikepili mōʻaukala kumu ae. "Shulga" No ka laʻana, i loko o ka 'ōlelo i ole, hoopaa mai i loko o ka manaʻo o ka "lima hema" a noho like me ka inoa, i nā lā hoʻi i ka inoa kapakapa. Ua hoʻonele mai i kēia hua'ōlelo ua hoʻohana 'ia. About ka Lūkini 'ōlelo, na keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o ka mea, e hiki ke'ōlelo i ka lōʻihi manawa. A pau i kēia mea loa hana hoihoi. Mākou wale nō pokole, ma kekahi laʻana, e hōʻike i ka typical kaʻina.

Hauneneʻe anatomical kēia Leomakana: oshuyu-lima'ākau, lima'ākau-Shuitsev; Synonymous pilina (haʻalele oshuyu). Akā, i ka hua'ōlelo "lima'ākau" no kekahi manawa, hoʻowahāwahā i ka archaization'ōnaehana ana pili me ka mea, ua paʻa i loko o kā mākou 'ōlelo. No ka laʻana, ma Pushkin ka au i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o poetic' ōlelo, "kiʻekiʻe kaila," i ka hua'ōlelo. About ka Lūkini 'ōlelo hiki ke olelo o like me ka mau Hawaiʻi, no laila, i ka hua'ōlelo ua OOAOAaXUEIE - he kūlohelohe kaʻina. Ka hua'ōlelo "oshuyu" koe wale me he küpinaÿi o ka archaic, hana ka mea wale nō i loko o ka satirical pōʻaiapili, ka mea, ua hiki i ka manawa.

I ka haku mele 'ana o ka OOAOAaXUEIE hua'ōlelo

OOAOAaXUEIE hua'ōlelo heterogeneous i kumu. Kona haku mele 'ana nā ka palapala Lūkini hua'ōlelo (examples: Semo, oleloia, i, lzya) a me ka staroslavyanizmy (pūhaka, honi, ala apuupuu), i lawekahikiʻia mai kekahi mau' ōlelo '( "politesse" - "politeness", "holo" - "Momi O" "abshid" - "hoʻomaha").

Ka hou o obsolete hua'ōlelo

Aia i kekahi hihia, i ka wa obsolete Lūkini hua'ōlelo reborn, hoʻi i loko o kaʻeleu hookoe o ka hua'ōlelo hou. Kuhina, lutanela luna, koa, i archaic ma hope o October: No ka laʻana, ma ka Lūkini 'ōlelo i kēia lā pinepine na kēia ka haʻiinoa hoʻohana. Ka mea, ua haawi aku ai i ka mea 'ē aʻe: commissar na kanaka i ka, mahele luna, Red Army koa. Mai ka OE hua'ōlelo i loko o nā 20s ka mea i loaʻa hou, no ka mea hoike, i ka hua'ōlelo "alakaʻi", a hiki i ka au o Pushkin ike like archaic, a ma ka puke wehewehe o ka manawa hele aku ai a hiki i ka like litter. I kēia lā ia arhaizuetsya hou. Hue nei nalowale archaic hua'ōlelo e like Duma, gymnasium, oihana Lyceum. Ka mea, ua loiloi 'ma hope o 1917, e like me ka historicism.

historicism

E hoʻi i kaʻeleu kokuaia mai e kekahi mau hua'ōlelo mea hiki wale nō i loko o kūikawā. He mau no a hiki i keʻano o ke keu-'ōlelo aʻe. Inā archaization dictated ma nā kānāwai o nā'ōlelo, a ua lewa i loko o ka lexical'ōnaehana pili 'o Randy, loaa ka poe i kaheaia hua'ōlelo historicism.

Iwaena o lakou i na inoa o ka manaÿo,ʻike manaʻo a me nā mea i i nalowale: chainmail, oprichnik, policeman, gendarme, he aʻoʻia, he hussar, he Bolshevik, schoolgirl, requisitioning, NEP, ka waena kua'āina, ka kulak, ka VKP (b) a me na mea e ae. Historicism, e like me ka rula, nō i ka hopena o ke keu-'ōlelo kumu: ka hooulu ana o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie, nohona loli, update hale 'ikamu, me na mea kaua, etc.

I kēia mau lā i loko o ka polokalamu kula kikowaena ke kumuhana "Obsolete a me maoli Lūkini hua'ōlelo" (Papa 6). O ka mea e ike ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i ka iki e pili ana i ka 'ōlelo, kona ulu mōʻaukala. Mākou 'atikala Ua palapala i mea e hoÿonui ai i ka poʻe heluhelu ike o nā papa likeʻole o ka hua'ōlelo, no a ka nui Lūkini hua'ōlelo.