'O wai ke kūlana? Nā mea kākau nui o ka honua

'O ka mea kākau mele ka mea hana i nā mele i nā mele, nā hana ho'okani pila, nā hana ma'amau i nā mele mele a me nā hana ho'okani, ke po'o o ka hula a me ka pū'ulu o nā hula. 'O kēia ke kanaka e hele mai me ka ho'okomo i nā ki'i o nā mea'ilima, nā mea i hana ai, ka plasticity, koho i nā mea mele, a me ka'ike i ka mālamalama, ka mea hana, nā lole, a me nā mea ho'onani.

Kuhihewa

'O ka nui o ka hopena o kahi hula i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka hula, a me ka hana holo'oko'a holo'oko'a i ka hana a me ka pili pono o nā ho'oikaika a me nā pilina o nā hula a me nā hula, ma ka hō'ike a me ka pilikino o kā lākou ne'e. Ho'okomo pū lākou i ka hula me nā mea kani, me ka kukui uila, me nā lole a me nā hana'ana -'o kēia mau mea e hana i ho'okahi ki'i o ka hana holo'oko'a. 'O ka mea koho wale nō ka mea nāna i hana. Pono'o ia e'ike i nā rula a me nā māhele a pau o ka hana pīkī, kona mo'olelo, i mea e ho'okani ai i nā hula e'olu'olu e nānā i ka hālāwai a ho'okani i nā hula. Pono e ho'okō ka mea ho'okūkū i ka'ike, loa'a ka'ike a me nā mana o ka mea ho'onohonoho, e no'ono'o ai, no'ono'o, e no'ono'o i kona mau mana'o, loa'a ke ku'una, ke mele, ho'omaopopo i ke mele, hiki ke'ike i ke kani, e hiki iā ia ke hō'ike i nā mana'o me ke kāko'o o nā pīpī. Kuhihewa. Inā kēia mau mea a pau i loko o ke kāohi o ke po'o, a laila, e holomua kāna hana me nā lehulehu a me nā mea hō'eha.

'O ka hua'ōlelo "choreographer" ma ka unuhi'ana i ka'ōlelo Pelekane'o ia ho'i "master of dance". He pa'akikī kēia'oihana, a he mea nui ka hana a me ka ikaika, ma ke kino a me ka pono. Pono ka mea hana e hō'ike i nā mea hana a pau o kā lākou hui, e wehewehe i nā mana'o e kūkā ai lākou i ka'ōpala a me ka hi'ohi'ona. 'O ka pa'akikī o kēia hana'o ia ho'i'a'ole hiki ke kākau'ia i ka pepa i ka mo'olelo o ka hula, pono e mālama ka mea kākau i ka mana'o a hō'ike i nā mea hana ki'i e a'o i kā lākou mahele. 'O ka hō'ailona o nā hula e hana pono i ka hana ma nā hana hou, a'o nā mea hana o ka pā'ani a me ke keaka mele ke loa'a ka manawa e loa'a ai nā mea a me nā mele i mua. Pono pono ka mea kākau mo'olelo e hō'ike i ka mea o kāna hana i ka mea ho'okani, e hō'ike ana iā ia he pono e hula a pehea. A no ka ho'omaopopo loa'ana o ka luna hō'ike i kona mana'o i ka mea pena,'o ka wikiwiki a me ka ma'alahi o ka mana'o e ho'omaopopo a a'o'ia.

'O ka hana a ka mea haku mele no ka hana'ana i ka hula a i'ole ke'ano o ka pā'ani holo'oko'a i mea e mālama ai a ho'onui i ka mea hoihoi. 'O lākou wale nō, nā hana hula wale nō nā hana mechanical, kahi pahu e hō'ike'ole i ka mea nānā, e hō'ike wale ana lākou i ka loli o ke kino o ka mea ho'okani, a na lākou wale nō e'ōlelo inā ho'opiha ka luna ho'opiha iā lākou me ka mana'o a me ke kōkua'ana i ka mea hana ki'i e ho'okomo iā lākou. 'O kona'uhane ho'i. Ma nā'ano he nui,'o ka hopena o ka hana a me ka lō'ihi o ke "ola" ma ka papahana e hilina'i'ia ia. 'O ka mea hana mua loa o nā hula a pau,'o ia ka mea hana mele, no ka mea, pono e hō'ike mua'o ia i nā mea hana o ko lākou hui.

Nā mea nānā i nā mea i hala a me kēia manawa

'O nā mea kākau nui o Russia a me ka honua o nā makahiki 19 a me ka 20:

• 'O Marius Petipa,'o ia ka mea nāna i hana i ka waiwai nui a me ka waiwai nui i ka pīmeni Russian;
• Jose Mendez - he mea ho'okele ia ma nā kaulana kaulana o ka honua,'o ia ho'i'o Bolshoi Theatre ma Moscow;
• 'O Filippo Taglioni;
• 'O Jules Joseph Perrault kekahi o nā māka'i o ka "ballet aloha";
• 'O Gaetano Joya - luna o ke kuhina o Italia;
• 'O George Balanchine - ho'okumu'o ia i ka pīmeni'Amelika, a me ka neoclassic ballet hou, ua mana'o'o ia wale nō e hō'ike'ia kēlā wahi ma ke kōkua'ana mai o nā kino o nā hula, a me nā helehelena a me nā lole lush - he keu kēia;
• 'O Mikhail Baryshnikov - ua hana nui i ka honua o ka mele mele;
• 'O Maurice Bejart kekahi o nā haku mele ki'eki'e loa o ke kenekulia 20;
• 'O Maris Liepa;
• 'O Pierre Lacotte - ke hana nei i ka ho'iho'i'ana i ka mele kahiko kahiko;
• 'O Igor Moiseyev ka mea nāna i ho'okumu i ka hui mua mua i Rusia ma ka'ano aupuni;
• Vaclav Nijinsky - he mea'imikala i ka hana ma'amau;
• 'O Rudolf Nuriev;
• Alexei Ratmansky.

Nā mea pa'i ki'i hou o kēia ao:

• Ierome Belle - he 'elele o ke kula o ka' oihana ballet hou;
• Nacho Duato ;
• Ho'ohana iā Kilian;
• 'O Angelin Preljocaj he māla mālamalama'o ia i ka hula ho'okani French hou.

'O nā mea kākau mele Lūkia o ka 21st century:

• 'O Boris Eifman ka mea nāna i haku i kāna keaka pono'ī;
• Alla Sigalova;
• 'O Lyudmila Semenyaka;
• 'O Maya Plisetskaya;
• 'O Gediminas Taranda;
• 'O Evgeny Panfilov'o ia ka mea nāna i ho'okumu i kāna pū'ani ballet, a me ka hau'oli i ke'ano o ka hula hula.

He kaulana loa kēia mau mea'apenekani Russian i kaulana wale no ma ko mākou'āina, akā,'o ka'āina'ē kekahi.

'O Marius Petipa

'O ka'ōlelo Pelekānia a me Lūkia ho'i, ka mea i waiho i kahi ho'oilina nui. Mai ka makahiki 1847, ua ho'okomo'o ia i ke kahu ballet ma Mariinsky Theatre ma St. Petersburg a me ka Bolshoi Theatre o Moscow, ma ke kono'ana a ka Emperor Rusia. I ka makahiki 1894, lilo'o ia i kumuhana o ka Mō'ī Lūkini. 'O ia ke alaka'i o ka nui o nā ballets, e like me Giselle, Esmeralda, Corsair, ke kaikamahine a Para'o, Don Quixote, La Bayadere, ka moe a Midsummer, ke kaikamahine o nā kau, Robert-Devil "A he nui nā mea'ē a'e. 'O kekahi

'O Roland Petit

Aia kekahi po'e akamai kaulana i ka po'e i mana'o'ia he kūlana ki'eki'e o ke mele o ka 20st century. Aia ma waena o lākou kekahi o nā ki'i mālamalama'o Roland Petit. I ka makahiki 1945, ua ho'okumu'o ia i kāna pū'ani ballet ma Paris, i kapa'ia'o "Ballet des Champs Elysees". I ho'okahi makahiki ma hope mai, ho'okumu'o ia i ka pā'ani kaulana'o "The Young Man and Death" i ka mele a IS. 'O Bach, i komo i loko o ke kūlana o ka'oihana o ke ao nei. I ka makahiki 1948, ho'okumu'o Roland Petit i kahi hui ho'okani pila hou i kapa'ia'o "Ballet of Paris." I loko o ka 50s he hula'o ia no nā ki'i'oni'oni. I ka makahiki 1965, ho'okani'o ia i Paris i ka pila mele kaulana'o "Notre Dame de Paris", a'o ia iho i ho'okani'o Quasimodo, i ka makahiki 2003, ho'okani'o ia i kēia hana ma Rusia - ma Bolshoi Theatre, kahi i hui ai'o Nikolai Tsiskaridze i ka ho'okūkū o ke kani.

'O Gediminas Taranda

'O kekahi'oihana kūlana hanohano kaulana ma ka honua'o Gediminas Taranda. Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ke kula ki'eki'e ma Voronezh, he kanaka hui' o ia ma Bolshoi Theatre o Moscow. I ka makahiki 1994, ho'okumu'o ia i kona Imperial Russian Ballet, a hā'awi iā ia i ka honua kaulana. Mai ka makahiki 2012,'o ia ke alaka'i a me ke kumu-ho'okumu o ka Foundation for Promoting Creative Education, ka pelekikena o ka Hō'ailona Nui. 'O Gediminas Taranda ka inoa o ka Mea Ho'ohanohano Ho'ohanohano o Rusia.

'O Boris Eifman

He nani, ka manawa hou, ka mea mua,'o B. Eifman ka mea kākau mo'olelo. 'O ia ka mea nāna i ho'okumu i kona hale ho'okani pila. Loa'a iā ia nā po'o inoa a me nā hō'ailona ma ka'oihana'oihana. 'O kāna mau hana mua i ka makahiki 1960,'o ia: "Ke ola e hui ai" i ka mele a ka mea haku mele D.B. Kabalevsky, a me "Icarus" i ka mele a V. Arzumanov a me A. Chernov. Boris Eifman kaulana like me ka choreographer lawe mai i ka Ballet "Ka Firebird" i loko o ka haku mele o ka puolo ina Stravinsky. Ua ho'onohonoho'o ia i kona'ona'oni'oni mai ka makahiki 1977. Productions Borisa Eyfmana manawa mua, ka mea e kū hoʻokahi, ka mea, e hui me nā hana, bespuantovaya a me ke kālā no choreography i loko o ke kaila o ka pohaku. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, hele ka po'e i America. I loko o ka po'omana'o o nā pākeke mele kahiko, nā keiki, a me nā pali pōhaku.