Palani T-4 Kelemānia: nā'ano loea a me nā'ano loea

No kekahi ma ka "Krupp" i ka 1936 hiki i noonoo i keia papakaukau mīkini, i hoʻolako pono me ka pōkole-pū infantry kākoʻo, a me ka noʻonoʻo me ka hui ma lalo, e e like hoʻomano hoʻohana ma o ka Kelemānia kaua. Me ka hopena hopena o 9000 'iniha, ua lilo ka loa papakaukau pahu, hookuu aku oia i ka manawa a pau i loko o Kelemania,? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka a, hoʻowahāwahā i ka nele o ka mea kū aʻela a hiki i ka lā hope loa o ke Kaua Honua II i loko oʻEulopa.

ka hele Wehrmacht

I loko nō o ka mea i ua koa kaa, oi laekahi ma mua o ka Kelemānia pahu T-4 - "Kika", "Panther" a me ka "King Kika",ʻo ia,ʻaʻole wale i ka hapanui o ka Wehrmacht, akā, i ua he hapa o na waiwai māhele o ka SS. Ka beauty no ka pomaikai paha ke moe i loko o ka hauna o nui a me ka Tora, nanea o ka hoomau, pono a me ka waiwai nui kaʻa, a hoomaka i ke kaua ana o armaments, like me Panzer III. Mai ka hoohalike A i F1 mua ka hoʻololi 'ana, hoʻohana pōkole 75mm ka pahu i nā ua UAIAaIN e "lōʻihi", me ka F2 ia H, a me ka loa efficient kiʻekiʻe-ka māmā holo pū, a he ili mai pak 40 a hiki Makuakane me Soviet KV-1 a me T -34. Ma ka hopena, i ka Kelemānia pahu T-4 (Hawaii photo hōʻike i ka 'atikala) ihola ia outclassed Panzer III like me ka nui loa, a me kona uea'.

I ka manao o ka prototype "Krupp"

Initially ka mea, i ea ae i ka Kelemānia pahu T-4, i ka oaoieei-ano o i i ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka makahiki 1934 vaffenamtom, e hookauwa aku me ka "alakaʻi kaa" kona kūlanaʻoiaʻiʻo o ka papa ia olelo o ka Versailles kuikahi, e hūnā.

Komo i loko o ka ulu ana o ka manaʻo i Haynts Guderian. Kēia hou kükohu i ia ia i ka pahu o ke infantry kākoʻo, a hoonoho iho la ma ka hope pahu papa. Ua Ua Aey ia ma ka pae ana o battalion, ua kaʻa kekahi e haule ana ma kela ekolu Panzer III. Akä naÿe, T-3, i hoʻolako pono me kekahi maʻamau 37mm pak pu 36 me ka maikai Anati ano, he pōkole kumu howitzer Panzer IV hiki ke hoʻohana 'ana i nā' ano o ka pakaua, blockhouses, bunkers, Anati-pahu pū a me ka mea kaua kulana.

Initially, ke kaumaha palena o ka hakakā kaa ua 24 tona. MAN poe, Krupp a me Rheinmetall-Borsig kukulu ekolu prototypes a Krupp lanakila i ka papa kuhikuhiE aelike. Ke wehe i mua loa hou, a me eono alternating huila. Hope, o ka poe koa koi e onoaiiaea ka Korata: wai, ua hoakaka maikaʻi vertical haiahū kūmau. Ke hoʻohālikelike a me ka mea mua'ōnaehana, ka mea i e holomua hou smoothly, akā, no ka nele i ka hou pahu e hooki hou kūpono 'ana. Krupp ua hoʻi mai i ka oi hana kuʻuna me ka eha pālua huila i kona kalaka a me ka lau wai, no ka maʻalahi ka hoʻoponopono. Au? Oaony no kekahi luina o elima - ekolu e noho ana i loko o ka hale kiai (luna, gunner a me ka loader) a me ka Keaukaha me ka Radio Aʻole - i loko o ka hihia. Ke kaua pahu ua kŘpa a akea, me ka hoonui ae i kūkulu engine pahu soundproofing. Kelemānia pahu T-4 i (ka Hawaii photo o ka mea ua ia manaʻo) i hoʻolako pono me ka ma-luna o ka mākau hoʻokaʻaʻike'ōnaehana a me ka Radio.

ʻOiai ia mea,ʻaʻole he nui loa, akā, asymmetrical kino Panzer IV, ka hale kiai ua 'oni iki e 6.5 knm i ka hema, a me ka engine - 15 knm i ka akau. Kēia i hana ma ka mea e pono hoʻohui i ka apo ana i ka EYI hale kiaʻi no ka wikiwiki huli mea. Pahu o ka ammunition i laila aia ma ka akau.

Ke prototype, 'ia, a kūkulu ihola ia ma 1936 ma ka Krupp AG hola i loko o Magdeburg, i koho Waffenamt pehea Versuchskraftfahrzeug 622. Aka hoi, ma o ka mālama'-kaua hou nomenclature oia koke la ia mea e like me Pz.Kpfw.IV (Sd.Kfz. 161).

I ka pahu i ka kakolina engine Maybach HL108TR nona iho o ka 250 nā lika. ke., a me ka pahu 75 e SGR elima i mua, a hoʻokahi aʻe kapa. ʻO kā mākou mämä holo ma ka lalo ili o ka hoao ana i 31 km / h.

75 mm o pū - haʻahaʻa mämä holo Kampfwagenkanone (KwK) 37 L / 24. He i kahi mea paahana i manao ia no ka hoʻolele pahū leho o ka pōhaku puna pakaua. Akā, i kekahi mau hana e i ka Anati-hou lele Panzergranate, nona ka mämä holo i 440 m / s. Ua hiki komo iloko 43 mm o pepa o ke kila i ka mamao o 700 m. Elua pu mg-34 i 'ōlelo i na mea kaua, coaxial kekahi i kekahi ma ke alo o ka mīkini.

Ka mua'ōhui pahu E kikokiko i kino kapa kila mānoanoa, aole ia i oi aku mamua o 15 mm a me ka halekiai - 20 mm o. ʻOiai ka mea, ua hoopaakikiia ko kila, ua hoomalu ke ku wale handguns, malamalama mea kaua a me ka grenade koena ai.

Kakahiaka nui "pōkole" mālama '-moʻo

Kelemānia pahu T-4 A o keʻano o ka mālama '-moʻo o 35 iniha, kapuaʻi, hua mai la i ka 1936. ka kekahi i ka Ausf. B Hoʻololi 'Kena mai no hoi Dome hou engine Maybach HL 120TR, ulu nona iho a 300 nā lika. he., e like me hou EYI SSG75.

I loko nō o ka keu kaumaha, ka mea i kā mākou māmā mahuahua i 39 km / h, a me ka hoomalu i ua ikaika ae la. kapa kila mānoanoa hiki 30 mm o ma ke alo o ka makeʻe hale kuleana a me ka 15 mm wahi. Eia hou, i hoomaluia e ka mea hou hoʻomoe ka mīkini pu.

Ma hope iho o ke kala o ka 42? Iecaianoaaiiuo machines ua hō'ā i Kelemānia pahu T-4 C. ka mānoanoa o ka kapa kila ma ka Tora ua mahuahua no ka 30 mm o. O ka huina kaumaha, he 18,15 tons. Ma hope iho o ka haawi ana o 40 iniha, kapuaʻi, i ka 1938, o ka pahu i ua houʻia ka mea hoʻonoho o ka hou engine Maybach HL 120TRM no ka mea e hiki mai ana haneri hi. He Logical ia ma muli o nā loli D. «Dora" hiki ke kapa hoʻohanohano ma ka lānai hou hoʻouka kekahi mīkini pu ma ke kino, a alakaʻi mai i ka embrasure. Ka mānoanoa o kaʻaoʻao kapa kila mahuahua i 20 mm o. I ka huina o 243 kaa o keia kükohu i hua mai, i ka hope o ka a - i loko o ke kakahiaka 1940s. Hoʻololi 'D i ka hope mālama'--i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, ma hope a ke kauoha i hoʻoholo i kūkulu pālākiō.

kūlanaʻano

Kelemānia pahu T-4 i ka mea mua nui-ka unahiʻole, E puke, i ka hoʻomaka 'ana ka hana i ka mea kaua. ʻOiai he nui haʻawina a me nā lono e paipai i ka nele i ka penetrating mana o ka 37-mm o pū Panzer III, mai kona hope ua hiki ole i. Ma ka huli ana o ka pāʻoihana i ikea ai ma luna o ka prototype o ka Panzer IV Ausf. Hoʻololi 'D Ua hoʻonoho meakino ka mämä holo o ka 50 mm o pu pak 38. Ka keʻehi mea o 80 iniha, kapuaʻi, hōʻoki aku ma hope o ka Palani kai eʻe. Ka pahu kaua, ma ka hana, e ku e ka Beritania "Matilda" a me ka Palani "B1 bis", ma hope ka mea, ua hoʻomaka iholaʻo ia mānoanoa ka kaua mea i lawa, a me ka penetrating mana, ua nawaliwali ia ka pū. Ka Ausf. E haʻalele wali pu KwK 37L / 24, akā, ua mahuahua no ka 50 mm o ka mānoanoa o ka mua kapa kila, me ka 30 mm o kila papa naʻau, e like me ka? Aiaiiuie ana. By April 1941, ka wā i kēia nā loli i UAIAaIN e Ausf. F, kona? Iecaianoaaiiie i 280 huahelu.

Hope "pōkole" kükohu

Kekahi hoʻololi 'me ka nui loa hoʻololi German pahu T-4. Details o ke kakahiaka nui kükohu F, F1 Kapa hou i ka wā i hiki mai hoʻololi ku i ka hope o ka mua aloha papa 50-mm o papa mānoanoa, a hoonui i ka kīloi paʻewa māhele o ka hauna a me Tora i 30 mm o. Ka huina o ke kaupaona ana o ka pahu, kū aʻela i oi aku mamua o 22 tona, a kena ae la e loli, e like me hoʻoulu i ka laula o ka meheu mai 380 a hiki i 400 mm o ka mea e emi puʻe ma ka honua me ka AYEIE loli ma ka hoʻopilikia, a me ka holo huila elua. F1 Ua i loko o ka nui o ka 464 huahelu, e puku ia i loko o March 1942

Ka mua "loa"

E like me ka kaua-hou lele Panzergranate Panzer IV haʻahaʻa-māmā holo pū, a he hiki ole ke ku imua o ka luawai-kapa kila poʻina nalu. Ma ka pōʻaiapili o ka forthcoming kai eʻe i loko o ka USSR ia, he ia e hoʻoholo ihola ma luna o kekahi kumu nui upgrade o ka T-3. Ua manawa i loaʻa kani pak 38L / 60, kona laulā i hoopaa, manao no ka mea hoʻonoho i loko o ka hale kiai Panzer IV. I Nowemapa 1941, i pau ka prototype, a me ka mea, i? Aaony i ka paka. Akā, mua kaua me ka Soviet KV-1 a me T-34-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo 50mm pū, e like me ia i loko o Panzer III, i hele aku i loko o ka lokomaikai o ka hou, oi ikaika kükohu Rheinmetall poʻe ma muli caliber pū 75 mm o pak 40L / 46. Ua alakai aku i ka KwK 40L / 43, kŘpa a lōʻihi-caliber i hoʻolako pono me ka waha o wawahi iho la, a hoemiia hoike. I ka loiloi mua māmā holo o ka lele Panzergranade 39 loa 990 m / s. He hiki komo iloko 77 mm o kapa kila i ka mamao o ka mai i ka makahiki 1850 mika. Mai kona hoʻokumu i loko o Feberuari 1942, i ka mua prototype o ka pūkaʻina? Iecaianoaaiiie o F2. By Iulai o ka 175 huahelu i lawe. Ma June Kelemānia pahu T-4 F2 Ua Kapa hou i ma luna o ka T-4 G, akā, nā ano vaffenamta i koho like Sd.Kfz.161 / 1. Ma kekahi mau palapala, he kükohu i kapaia o F2 / G.

malumalu kükohu

Kelemānia pahu T-4, G mea he hoonui ae iʻano me ka F2 loli pili metala makauliʻi ma ka hoʻohana 'ia o ka holumua ai frontal kapa kilaʻia naʻe i ka waihona ipu. Frontal glacis Ua listen hou 30-mm o papa, he huina mānoanoa mahuahua i 80 mm o. Ia ua lawa no ka holomua kū'ē i ka Soviet 76-mm o ka pū, a 76.2-mm o Anati-pahu ka pū. Initially mākou hoʻoholo ihola e lawe mai ai i keia hae wale hapalua o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie, akā, i loko o January 1943, Adolf Hitler kino kena i ka piha hoʻololi. Eia naʻe, mīkini paona mahuahua i 23,6 tona, ka hōʻike i kaupalena 'ia nona iho o ke kaʻa a me ka powertrain.

German pahu T 4 loko undergone mea hou. Tower peepholes ua eliminated, ka engine mea hō'ā kaʻa a me ka hoʻokomo ea ma haʻahaʻa mahana i holomua, he hou 'ia paha o nā hoʻokoe huila nā mea hōʻoia a clamps no ka Track loulou glacis. Ka mea, ua mālama i like me ka? Aiaiiuie hoomalu. Ua hōʻano headlights, i mālama 'ia e hooikaika a me ka hooponopono hou ana o ka cupola.

Ma hope XAaOOEN, ke kupulau o 1943, aia i kekahiʻaoʻao kapa kila ma ka hauna a me Tora, a me ka uahi grenade launchers. Akā loa importantly, ua he hou, oi ikaika pu KwK 40L / 48. Ma hope iho o ke kala o ka 1 275 maʻamau a me 412 hoʻokāʻoi? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka poʻina nalu 'oni iki i Ausf.H. kükohu

Ke kumu o mana

Kelemānia pahu T-4 H (Hawaii photo hooku iho la ia ma lalo nei) i hoʻolako pono me ka hou lōʻihi-wali, pū pōkā KwK 40L / 48. Hou loli pili i ka noho nanea ana o? Iecaianoaaiiuo - i, ua wehe 'ia ma ka papa peepholes, hoʻohana, he pono ole māhele me ka Panzer III. I ka huina nui, a hiki i ka mea e hiki mai ana nā loli Ausf. J i loko o June makahiki 1944 i ua ohi 3774 machines.

Ma December 1942, "Krupp" Ua loaa ka mea no ka pahu, e pau loa ia ihona hene kapa kila, no ka mea, o ka mea keu kaumaha koi 'ia o ka hooulu ana o ka hou kaʻa, EYI, a hiki i ka engine. Eia naʻe,? Iecaianoaaiiie hoʻomaka 'ia me ka hōʻano mana Ausf.G. Kelemānia pahu T-4 loaa i ka hou gearbox ZF Zahnradfabrik SSG-76, he hou lākou o ka Radio wahi (FU2 a me ka 5, a me na palapala). Ka mānoanoa o ka frontal kapa kila mahuahua i 80 mm o me ka lolo a lahilahi. H kaupaona ana i hiki aku ai 25 tons hakakā kapa, a me ka mea i kā mākou māmā ua hoʻemi i 38 km / h, a ma ka maoli ka hakakä ana - mai i 25 km / h, a me ka mea e emi ma ka hoʻonaninani'āina. Ma ka hope o 1943, i uhiʻia i ka Kelemānia pahu T-4 H me kāpili ma luna "Zimmer", hōʻano hou lewa kānana, Ua hoʻouka kekahi ma ka hale kiaʻi o Anati-mokulele mīkini mg 34.

Hope Nohie kükohu

Last pahu, Kelemānia T-4 J, e hele ana ma luna o Nibelungwerke ma St. Valentin, Austria, me Vomag a Krupp e hana nā hana, a i lalo i ka simplification, oi kālele ana ma luna o nuipa a? Iecaianoaaiiuo, a i kākaʻikahi i kākoʻo 'ia e na luina. No ka laʻana, ua wehe 'ia ka uila halekiai, hoohaahaaia iho la ua hana hana lima, a mahuahua a hiki i 200 nā lika wahie pahu nona iho, e māhuahua pae'ōnaehana huahelu o ka mai i 300 ei. Other ka hoʻololi 'ana me ka wehe' ana o ka hale kiaʻi o ka nana ana i puka aniani, a ua Anati-mokulele mīkini loopholes i loko o ka lokomaikai o ka hoʻopunipuni i ka uahi grenade. "Zimmer" ua hou hoʻohana like protivokumulyativnymi «lepa» Schürzen, auou caiaiai me ka ho'ēmi hei Panel. Ka hale noho o ka engine radiator i Nohie kekahi. Drive nalowale kekahi nana e hoole lole wili. Aia he mau mufflers me ka lapalapa ahi arresters, e like me ka mauna i ka 2-tona manu'ū. Eia hou, i ka EYI SSG 77 hoʻohana 'ia e Panzer III, nae ka mea i maopopo overloaded. Waho aʻeo kēia mau mohai, no ka mea, o ka mea ikaika bombing o Ally lako i hooweliweli, a ua kūkulu i ka huina o wale 2970 poʻina nalu ma mua o ka pauʻana o Malaki 1945, mai 5000? Oaony.

ka hoʻololi 'ana

• Jagdpanzer IV - paha i ka mea maikai a me ka weliweli loa pahu i loko o ka hopena ua T-4, haʻahaʻa loa pono a me ka hahai holoholona, o ka oi aku manao oluolu ma Italy a me Noremana. I ka 1943, ua kūkuluʻia 1980 huahelu.
• Sturmgeschütz IV - Hōʻeha kino pahu i ka ai superstructure a armament Sturmgeschütz III. Created 1140 machines.
• Panzerbefehlswagen IV - kauoha moʻomanaʻo, i hoʻolako pono me ka lākou o ka Radio wahi, he piha 'ia paha o nāʻano uila a me ka pilina. Hoʻohana 'ia i kahi kūlike o mea kaua kākoʻo, infantry a me ke ea kākoʻo no ka mea e kahiko mau papa. Roomy a me ka ike loea - keia mea paha ka oi Kelemānia koa kauoha pahu.
• Panzerbeobachtungswagen IV - he luawai-e iai? Oaiaaiiua kaa o ka mea kaua kilo, a me ka Wespe a me Hummel pakiko-propelled pū.
• Sturmpanzer IV Brummbär - kekahi o ka loa kilakila German ACS 150 mm o ka pū, a i mālama ai i ka prototype no e pili ana Heuschrecke a me Dicker Max.
• Flakpanzer IV Möbelwagen - i mālama ai i ka kākoʻo no ea pale aku me ka hookahi 37-mm o ka pū. Ua Ua lawe mai i ka 1944-45 (240 huahelu) e compensate no ka lilo ana o ka supremacy i loko o ka lewa.
• Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind - 'o ia hoʻi VOP i hoʻolako pono me kaʻoi loa-efficient chetyrehstvolnym 20mm Flakvierling. Hua mai la i oi aku 100 huahelu. Kekahi 66 huahelu, i hoʻolako pono me ka 37 mm o ka pū i kapa Ostwind.
• Geschützwagen III / IV Hummel - ACS kaʻa Panzer IV, a me ka māhele Panzer III. Ua hua mai la i oi aku mamua o 666 huahelu, kekahi o ka loa holomua Kelemānia ka hoʻoponopono-propelled pū o nā mea a pau manawa.
• Panzerjager III / IV Nashorn - loa holomua kinai pahu e iai? Oaiaaiiua kaʻao 88 mm o ka pū. Ua koina emi ma mua o "Kika". Hua mai 473 hi.
• Geschützwagen III / IV Schlepper - hua mai la 150 huahelu me ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha ia.
• Bergepanzer IV - Kelemānia mea e kahiko ai ke ola kaa, oi ikaika ma mua o ka mana ma muli o ka Panzer III. Ma kaupalena mea i i hua mai, a amphibians Panzerfahre Landwasserschlepper.
• Bruckenleger IV - ee alahaka. alahaka lōʻihi ua 56 ua hanaʻia m. 24 huahelu.

Kelemānia pahu T-4: hana ano

Au pono aku nei au i Ua i nalowale he nui ka helu o ke koena ma hope o ka Apana World Panzer IV poʻina nalu a hāʻawiʻia scrapped, a hoʻohana 'ia no nā hana i ka'āina e like me Pulakalia a me Suria. Kekahi o ia i ua lako pono me ka hou Soviet kaumaha mīkini ka pū. La lakou i kekahi i loko o ke kaua no ka Golana Heights iloko o ka 1965 ke kaua, a ma ka 'Eono la Kaua i ka makahiki 1967 I keia la ke Kelemānia poʻina nalu T-4 i kekahi hapa o ka iau ho'āʻoʻia a me ka uku i hoiliili ole a puni ka honua, a me nā ōlaʻi i o ia mea nō i loko o ka hana ke ano.