Pāpana ma kālaimeaola - he pāpana ololi ...

Pāpana ma kālaimeaola - ia mea he loa hana hoihoi kŰia. I kēia mau lā he nuiʻepekema hoʻoili ma ka noiʻi o keia kŰia. Pāpana ma kālaimeaola - mea he ao kaʻina hana i pili i nā mea a pau e noho ana meaola. I keia au e ike ma ka heluhelu i kēia 'atikala.

I ka rula o ke kuikahi ana o ka meaola, a me ka papa o kekahi o na kumu o kēia 'epekema. All ola meaola, e like me supraorganismal'ōnaehana, helu mahina no ke kuʻikahi, a me ka mea i hoʻolilo 'ia i loko o i ka mea e ola nei, i ka pāpana a pau o kona keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Nui i hana 'o ia mea malalo iho o ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika rhythms e noonoo me ka a pau (me Geophysical, Astronomical) ka pane rhythms holoʻokoʻa ke ao holoʻokoʻa, e like me ke ano maoli.

PY Sokolov, Lūkini sociologist, memo mea a pau holoholona, a kanu ola, a me ia, a me kanaka mau a mau loaʻike piʻi i ka ona o ke kino ao nei, a me ka rhythmic pulsing reactions i ka pepehi ana naʻau o ko ke ao nei.

He aha nā biorhythms?

E mākou noonoo i ka manaʻo o ka ukupanee no mākou. Liluwelo rhythms i papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika repetitive loli ma ke ano a me ka nui o liluweloʻike manaʻo a me keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Mau'ōhui keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka laulā huahelu o nä alapine. Ka mea i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o ka pae o ka hui o ka poʻe e ola ana nenoai. Ke biosystem ka paʻakikī i, no laila ia i ka nui loa o biorhythms. Ka mea i paa ma ka aaiaoe kiʻekiʻe. Pāpana ma kālaimeaola - he kŰia i mea nui loa ia no ka hoʻololiʻana, a ma kona ano maoli koho o meaola.

Kona ola ana mea ku pono i ka hoʻononiakahi o biochemical keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Mai ka meaola ola mea he hierarchical'ōnaehana, e pono ia e 'O ke kaulike me ka functioning o kona subsystems likeʻole a me ka manawa pae ole wale i ka manawa akā, i loko o ka liluwelo makahiki.

Ma kēia 'atikala oe e aʻo i loko o au mamuli mea he pāpana ma kālaimeaola. Hoike ana, ka waiwai, a me nā examples e kūkā mai ma lalo nei.

Chronobiology: muli a me ka ulu ana

'Epekema e Pilikanaka ka liluwelo rhythms, ua kapaia chronobiology. He mea maopopo loa mai ka wā kahiko i ka petals a me nā lau o nā mea kanu, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka manawa o ka lā, e hana i kekahi mau hana. Karl Linney hoʻi i loko o 1745 invented ka "pua huahelu," (kiʻi ma lalo nei), e ho oholo i ka manawa e lilo i wehe a me ka panina o nā pua.

Ma ka hapa mua o ka 19th kenekulia, ke ao mua o circadian rhythms i loko o kānaka i ka lawelawe 'ia, e like me ke kino mahana, alapine (frequency) o ka urination a me ka naau kōmi. Me ka physiology puke o kēia wā e loaʻa nāʻikepili o ka ola o ka rhythmic oihana i mea endogenous, oa ka mea ana i loko o ke kino. I ka 1936 ka mea, i ka hope hoʻokumu endogenous circadian rhythms o nā mea kanu a me nā pua. No keia mea i kekahi mawaho keiki ma luna o ia i hoʻokoe '.

Other milestones i loko o ka ulu ana o ka 'epekema o chronobiology - i ka puka o ke kohoʻia o nā manu a me ka meli i ka holo ma ka lā, e hooiaio ai no ka ola o na kanaka kino o endogenous circadian rhythms. A hou impetus Ua haawiia mai a hiki i kēia 'epekema ma ka hopena o ka lewa noiʻi. E like me ma mua, i ke kumu nui waiwai o kānakaʻepekema ma ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i liluwelo rhythms o ke ao o ka makahiki, Helu a me ka diurnal rhythms.

Rhythms a physiological adaptive

Līkaia no kēia kā lākou Mea Maluna ma ka olelo o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ma waena o ka papa, a me ka meaola.

1. Rhythms adaptive (biorhythm) - keia oscillation paha i ka mea kokoke i ka noho pilikia Geophysical pōʻaiapuni. Ko lākou kūlana mea e ke hakuloli i kaʻokoʻa meaola i? Aneie loli i ana ma ke kamepiula. Lākou alapine (frequency) ka hale lio.
2. Physiological rhythms (hana) - kuekueni e noonoo i ka ha awina o ka physiological nenoai o kekahi meaola. lākou alapine (frequency) loli aʻe nui a me ka hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke ano o ka meaola.

Rhythms o exogenous a me ka endogenous

Nā rhythms oʻano helehelena e māheleʻia i loko o exogenous a me ka endogenous. Exogenous - naoh o ka meaola i? Aneie loli. Endogenous e ku like me ka hopena o ka hoʻoponopono-hooponopono ana i keʻano o ka hanaʻana wehewehe aku e hoʻopaneʻe 'ia ana manaʻo. Ka mea, e malama ia ma ka ia manawa? Aneie 'ole i ke aloha ia i ko lakou ikaika hawewe a me ka pae naeaeaa biorhythms.

Rhythms o ka pae o ka hui ana o biosystem a me ka alapine (frequency)

no hoi Rhythms i puunaueia e ka nui o ka hui ana o ka ua biosystem. Ka mea, ua māheleʻia i loko o ka biosphere, heluna kanaka, meaola, hui, a me ka halepaahao.

E like me kā lākou alapine (frequency) ka mea i:

• kiʻekiʻe alapine (frequency) rhythms (mai ka hapa iki o ka lua no 30 minuke);
• meakino (mai 30 minuke i 28 hola);
• mezoritmami (mai 28 hola i 7 lā);
• makroritmami (mai 20 mau lā a hiki i kekahi makahiki);
• megaritmami (periodicity - umi makahiki).

Nature biorhythms

A ola meaola, e like me ka loa, he pono ole kuhiakau mea kuokoa oscillatory'ōnaehana, wehewehe aku ma ka lākou o nā rhythms i loko o pili. Pōʻaiapuni pūnao (pūnao a me ka catabolism) i loko o na keena noke ana. Kēia pono o kela biochemical reactions - hoʻololi kemikala a me ka cleavage konohiki. Ma na keena like me kaʻilihune, i kulike ai me ka metabolic pōʻaiapuni noke loli ana nā hoʻohui like o kekahi mau waiwai (metabolic huahana, nā'ūhū a me ka mua hoolilo RNA, etc.) komo i loko o biochemical reactions. Kiko'î Biosystems maloko 'ia mai ana reactions e ana oscillation, ka haalele ana mai o ka' O ia hoʻi nā loina.

I ola meaola, na nā mea e loaʻa ka mea nalo e hooholo i ke ano, a me ka uku o metabolic keʻano o ka hanaʻana, e na hormones a me allosteric modulators kākoʻo rhythmicity ma kālaimeaola. Keia mea, noke kanaka hoʻoponopono i ke ano o ke kino. A ka mea mālama i ka malama i ke kūpaʻa (homeostasis) maloko 'ia -. PH, wela, osmotic puʻe, lehulehu o ka waiwai etc. Many maomeka i komo i loko o ka mālama' ana i ka homeostasis. Ka mea, i kūkuluʻiaʻano nui ma luna o ka loina o ka manaʻo. No ka laʻana, he oi o ka monakō koko i loko o ke koko kaʻina kānāwai ho'āhuʻano papa hana o keia mea (i loko o ka palapala o ka glycogen). Ma ka mea ku ole, o ka nele o ka mea hiki aku ai, e māhuahua glycogen hālāwai hope.

I ka hopena o keia hiki ke hana e hiki mai ana. Ma ka noho ana meaola,ʻaʻohe kaʻina mea ana. Ua pono pono 'ē aʻe oppositely kuhikuhi me: .. A hana koena, hanu i ka hanu, hoʻololi kemikala splitting Wake moe ana, etc. o ka meaola ola, penei, hiki ole e kūpaʻa. Ua Ua wehewehe aku ma ke kau e like me pāpana. Hoomaopopo ana paha keia waiwai o ka meaola ola hiki ke hua mai la no hoi ma ka mea pono ana. Oe i hai i kekahi (nae a pau) o kona ikaika a me ka physiological kiko'î mea mau i loko o ka oihana, e hana i fluctuations i loko o nā ikaika hawewe a me ka alapine (frequency) e pili ana i kaʻawelike nā loina.

Oia fluctuations a i biorhythms. Me ke kōkua o kēia mau meaola hoolako i kona thermodynamic kumupaʻa o ka moku'āina. E ana ke hakuloli i ke kaiapuni, ka mea, o ka pāpana o cyclical hou. Ka wehewehena o keia kŰia, ua kākau i nā mamua i loko o kēia 'atikala.

O na uaki

Mawaho nō hoʻi mea AND e synchronize i ka'ōnaehana me ka degere kiʻekiʻe o ka conjugation o nā mea a pau o kona subsystems. Ma ka hooulu ana o ke kino o innate polokalamu hoonoho papa ana ia oihana ma manawa ka mea, ua Hoʻololi ', hiki ia ia ke hakuloli i ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ke kaiapuni. Kēia meaola mea hiki ke "kilokilo" i ka manawa o ka lā. Ua apono 'ia e ke pili ma mua likeʻole effectors, a i komo i loko o ka pane koke. No ka laʻana, kino ana wela, a me ka maʻiʻo o corticosteroids ma ka wai koko i loko o maʻamau hiamoe hoʻomaka lōʻihi ma mua kona panina, e ala. Nolaila, hoala mai la pinepine ia lŘlŘ mua o ka malamalama huli ma.

Eia nō nā examples o ka pāpana. Wale ua mau meaola ola i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka maoli wae, a i ka hiki ole pono e hopu i na holoholona likeʻole ma o ka loli, akā, i hoʻomaʻa i ke kui o ka mawaho kuekueni kona pāpana mīkini. No kekahi laʻana, na holoholona 'ē aʻe rhythms o wakefulness a me ka moe, no laila, i ka mea kōkua i ka hōʻoia' ano kūpono no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka ai. I ano, ka reproductive'ōnaehana (i ka manawa o ka fertility a me ka infertility) ua i hakuloli a hiki i ka? Aneie rula i mea i ka loa e pono ai e ulu MOKUNA XXXIII. He nui nā manu lele hema i loko o ka haule ana. 'O kēia kekahi laʻana o pehea e hoike pāpana. Kālaimeaola ike nui no hoi na examples. No laila, hibernate kekahi holoholona. Ka mea, e kokua ia lakou, e ola, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka mea mawaho ? Aneie keia i loa.

kela la i keia biorhythms

Circadian rhythmicity ma kālaimeaola - He aha ka mea? E ka maka ia. Ma kela la i keia (circadian) biorhythms nā meaʻike manaʻo a me ka hoʻololi i nā 'ano a me ka nui o liluwelo keʻano o ka hanaʻana, a i ka repetition alapine (frequency) o 24 ± 4 hola. Ka hapa nui o ka physiological a me ka biochemical keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka pūnao, neʻe, ulu, ulu, mea malalo o ia mau rhythms, a i ke kumu ma ka circadian (kela la i keia) ka pāpana o ka mea mawaho kaiapuni. He, ma ka huli, ua pili ia me ke kuapo e pili ana i ka iho (axis) o ka Honua. 'O kekahi mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana i: metabolic ana, fluctuations ma ke kino ana wela, i ke alapine (frequency) o ka halepaahao mahele. No ka mea, a pau o ia wehewehe aku ma kekahi kela la i keia pāpana.

Kālaimeaola - ka 'epekema i Haʻawina holoholona ole wale, aka, i mea kanu. Ka la mahope, i ka nui, ike i ka po, koe ka rhythmic pōʻaiapuni o ka hakumakuma a me ka panina o nā pua. Iloko o ka lā ka mea, e hōʻike. i hoopaa iho la o Rhythms i ka wāʻaʻole hoʻi he Map. Kēia i hoopaa ia e kona mau ho okolohua SE Shnol, Lūkini biophysicist. He Kuhikuhi 'ia me lakou i mea hoike i ka Meia o mohihi. Kona lau Ala, a hina iho la ma ka kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi, a hiki ina ke kanu mea i loko o ka pouli lumi. Ua manaʻo, me he mea manawa a me na physiological uaki e hoakaka ia.

Mea kanu nō kāu IeXAaAeAaIEN ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ka lā ma luna o hoʻololi mai kekahi shape a hiki i kekahi wā hoʻololi pigment phytochrome Map ano (kona spectral haku mele' ana). No ka laʻana, i ka la ma ka napoo ana o ka mea ulaula, no ka ula malamalama i ka loihi ke kōā nalu, a me ka uuku o ka uliuli, hoʻopuehuʻia. A ahiahi a me ka napoo ana o kuni i ke ou wahi lihi iki o kaʻulaʻula, a he pāhawewe. Ua ike i ka mea kanu, e hoike ana i ka kela la pāpana.

Kālaimeaola - ka 'epekema, i ka lā i loaa he wahi lihi iki o ka hana ka malama ana i na holoholonaʻokoʻa. Ua Ua ua loaʻa i loko o pau i ka interleaving paha o ke koena a me ka mama no hoi o na holoholona (lā a me ka po,) i pili i ka circadian rhythms. No ia mea nui ka manao paa o ka manawa mea,ʻaʻole loa akā, pili. Ka mea, Pono, e ike i ka wā e ala hou mai ai i ka la a me ka noho like ao mea foraging no ka hoʻohana ana i ka malamalama o ke ao a me ka po - poeleele iho.

Eia he laʻana - nana i ka kela la i keia pāpana o noho ma luna o ka 'Akelanika' kahakai fiddler pāpaʻi. Ua hoʻololi konaʻano, ae hōʻike ana i ka kela la pāpana. Kālaimeaola - he 'epekema mea, e like e ae, e hōʻike lauana. No ka mea pāpaʻi hoʻololi kona ano? E ka maka ia.

Pāpaʻi kakahiaka, oi malamalama, akā, i ka wa a ka lā ma luna i loko o ka lani, e lilo uala eleele. he kūlana aiiay pāʻani, pigment i malama alluring pāpaʻi, mai ka wela lā. Inā keia mea hoʻomaka ke kai, a laila ka mea, e kokua ia ia i ka uliuli ma luna o ka Hawaiian one unnoticed. A me ka mea i loaʻa i loko o ka huli ana o ka ai hoouna mai ai i ka pāpaʻi.

Kela la i keia rhythms i loko o kānaka

Puni 300 o ka physiological mana i i circadian rhythms ike i loko o ke kanaka kino. Kino kaumaha, ma muli o ke kanaka circadian'ōnaehana mea maximal ma 18-19 hola, naehana kōmi - 13-16 hola, naau kōmi - 15-16 hola, i ke koko kiʻekiʻe o nā erythrocytes - 11-12 hola leukocytes - 21 -23 hola a me ka 'ole. d.

e hōʻeleu i ka noʻonoʻo 'keʻano o ka hanaʻana a ka meheu o ia i loko o ke ahiahi, i loko o ke kakahiaka. I ka rhythms o ka noʻonoʻo 'a me ka physiological oihana, ma ka huli, he aha ka mea wakefulness a me ka moe hoʻololi ai, e maha ai a me ka hope. Hilinaʻi i nui aʻe i wakefulness ka hoʻokōʻana hālawa kiko'î: ka iliwai o ka ways, meaʻaiʻai ana, mau kulana, e like me kanaka, a pela aku ...

Ka manawa "desynchronosis" Kû ke hoʻohuikau i loko o ka liluwelo'ōnaehana manawa i mākaukau i rhythms. Ka like o kona maomeka mea o ka nui i loko o ka hoʻonohonoho o ka hana a me ka koena o ke kookoo, ma ka hooko ana mai kela kāohi ana nona mālama ola. Desinhroz i mau malama i loko o kanaka, ka poe i i lōʻihi ka mamao de (i ka 4-5 manawa cii), ma ka hoololi ana i keʻano o ka hana, mai ka lā i ka pō, a me nā astronauts i loko o ke Komisina o ka lewa mahuka.

I Helu biorhythms

Tsirkalunarnye (Helu) biorhythms - rhythms nona ka manawa o ka awelika o ka 29,53 lā. Mau rhythms ma kālaimeaola hoʻopili like i ka Helu-malama kalapona, oa i ka pōʻaiapuni o ka mahina kūlana.

He nui Geophysical keʻano o ka hanaʻana loli i ke alapine (frequency) o ke kuapo mai o ka mahina a puni ka Honua. No ka laʻana, hoʻololi hoʻomālamalama i ka po, wela, ea puʻe, kaʻume mākenēki kahua o ka Honua, ka makani ao ao. A pau o kēiaʻike manaʻo no tsirkalunarnyh rhythms i? Aiaiiuie mea kuhikuhi.

I ka meaola i loaʻa loa kilakila examples o pehea mau rhythms loli ai i ke ola keʻano o ka hanaʻana. No ka laʻana, meaola ilo Palolo e noho ana ma luna o nā hāpāpā, ma October a me November, i ka hope loa he umi lā o ka Helu kalapona, a ma ka mea ia manawa i ka kekahi manawa o ka lā, hoʻokaʻawale i ka wai i loko o kona kua, a ua piha i nā huahana o ka reproductive nenoaiu. He pono no ka procreation.

I Helu pōʻaiapuni a fertility insemination manawa paha e ole wale synodic (like i loko o ka mua kumu hoʻohālike). Aia mau no hoi sigisic ma ka wā mawaena o 14,7 lā. No ka laʻana, kekahi 'ano o ka iʻa i loaʻa ma ke kahakai o ke awawa o Kaleponi, ka piha mahina a me ka mahina hou (ma ke kaha) hoolakolako hua ma luna o ka kahakai. Ua hoʻomōhala ana i loko o 14 mau lā ma luna o ke kahakai, a ma ka wai hina a me ka mea e hiki mai ana ke kai.

Moonlight, e like me mākou i olelo ia, ke kumu oko o ka hoʻomālamalama i ka po. Kēia e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka ha awina o na holoholona, a alakai i ke ahiahi a me ka po, I Aloha Hawaii loli. Oia hoi, ina ua hookaawale ia i ka hopena o ka mahina i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, i ke alapine (frequency) tsirkalunarnyh keʻano o ka hanaʻana ua malamaia no. Ua hiki e ma muli o ke 'ē aʻe e pili ana i ka Helu pōʻaiapuni. No ka laʻana, ka mea, o fluctuations ma kaʻume mākenēki kahua o ko mākou Honua.

Ka Helu kalapona kekahi e loli ai i ka ulu ana o mea kanu. Ua hiki ke hōʻikeʻia e ke kumu o ke radish hua fluctuations, uala a me legumes. No ka lōʻihi manawa, o ka Helu calendars hoʻohana e kōkua hooholo i ka pau e pono ai manawa i ka mahiʻai a me ka hana kanu.

makahiki biorhythms

Circannual (makahiki) biorhythms ma kālaimeaola i oscillation au mea 1 makahiki ± 2 mahina. Ka mea, i pili i ke kuapo o ka Sun a puni mākou Honua.

Mau rhythms i malama ia ma nā mea a pau meaola, mai ka koaʻe ke hiki i ka Polar ciia. Ka nui o ia kükulu i like ka latitu, piʻi pū. Pāpana Ka Ikepili ae i ka noiʻi e manao nei makou, na meaola noho i ka Polar a me ka pakiko oe? Aie, ma a ka loa kekahi 'naciiiuo oko ao, ia mea maopopo maopopo. Makahiki kumu biorhythms hoʻohui pū, mua, adaptive reactions 'ia ma muli o ia i kekahi loli ma ka mea nui? Aneie kiko'î a (ka wai? Aaeei, laupaʻi, a qualitative haku mele' ana o ka ai, ana wela).

Ka lua, ka mea, o ke kino o ka pane ana i ka hōʻailona i hoʻolilo 'ia kumumea (e laʻa me, loli ma ka geomagnetic kahua pinepine', photoperiod, ka hanana o kekahi Nine Inch eiiiiiaiou). I hoʻomaka ai ka makahiki biorhythm laʻana i nomadingʻike manaʻo o ka poʻe Polenekia, ke kau a me ka hooilo dormancy, reproductive keʻano o ka hanaʻana, a no laila, ma luna o. D.

He nui na holoholona hibernation kōkua e ola mahope aku o ka noho lakou malaila wā. Surprisingly pololei hoʻoholo i nā holoholona manawa no ia. Bear, no ka laʻana, i loko o kona lair mau pono ma luna o ka Ewa o ka snowfall. A, ua hiamoe ma hope o ia a hiki i Aperila, a hiki i ka mahana o 12 ° C ( 'o ia hoʻi, 5.5 mahina). I keia manawa, ka mea i koe ma ka lilo o ke kaikea loaa ma o ka haule ana. Kona kumukūʻai Ua kokoke i ka hapakolu o ka holoholona ka kino ke kaumaha. lawe i ke kino mahana i ka hiamoe ua hoemi ma kahi o 10 ° C, 3-pa emi kona alapine (frequency) o ka hanu. Kēia kōkua i ka ho'ōla nui waiwai loaa i loko o ka mehana wa pono. Kēia mea he kīnā o ke kino pāpana o ka bea. Inā 'oe e uhaki i ka pāpana, a me ka holoholona, aole ia i waiho i lalo i loko o ka lua no kekahi kumu paha koke Ala ae la ia ma ka waena o ka hooilo, ka mea, ua aneane make. Ka ai pili aku koʻokoʻo oi aku ka ikaika i na mea he nui parasites, a e hoʻonāwaliwali i ke kino, e loaa ana mai ka pololi, e booming e ia.

No laila, nui examples o pāpana i ua hōʻike mai iā ia i loko o kēia 'atikala. Ka mea, e hooiaio aku ana ia mea i ke ao kŰia i loko o ka holoholona honua. Biorhythms, hoi, i ka hoomaopopo ana ololi i loko o ke ola ana o ke ola meaola. I ka rula o ka pāpana ua loaʻa i nā pae o ka hui o liluwelo nenoai. Ua lawelawe 'ana i ke hakuloli i ke kino no ka maikaʻi functioning i loko o ke kaiapuni.

ololi

Penei, hookolokolo aku la ia mākou i ka pāpana ma ka kālaimeaola, aha ka mea, ano oe e ike. Eia naʻe, ua i hoihoi i loko o ka manaʻo ua loaʻa ole wale i loko o keia 'epekema. Ma kekahi, ua papapau pu na economists i ka mea, ua ike ia ma ka hanalima kaiaulu. Me ka i keia Kaka, ka mea hoʻolauna i ka manaʻo o "pāpana ololi." He mau paio no ka ke kuʻikahi. Nō kāu, ka pāpana ololi me ka nānā 'no ka lā, lā heʻumi, hoʻokahi ka malama, etc. Me ka mea hiki ke hōʻike, i loko o 'ana, ke degere o ka hana i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka hana manawa. I ka nui o ka uku o ka pāpana, ka? Iecaianoaaiiie kalapona mea denser a? Aneiai kumuwaiwai (ʻano nui hana manawa) ua pau keia la rationally.