Pili aupuni repression. Luahi o ka pili aupuni repression i loko o ka USSR

Pili aupuni repression - ia mea heʻino, a koko wā i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka fatherland. He hiki i kekahi manawa, i ka wa o ka aina i alakaʻiʻia Iosif Stalin. Luahi o ka pili aupuni repression i loko o ka Soviet Union - na miliona o kanaka, ka poe i maopopo kona a me ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka paa a me ka make. Noiʻi ua hoʻomaopopo i ka loa io hopena i i hanana 1920-1950-ies. Mua o nā mea a pau, i loko o nā makahiki o ka pili aupuni repression, eʻae like hoʻokuʻu ma kahai i ka pono o ka Soviet ke kaiāulu, kona helu wehewehe 'ole.

Ke ae pā o ka weliweli

Mass kālai'āina repressions i wahi i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1937 a hiki i 1938. Kēia manawa ua i kapaʻia ka "ka weliweli nui". E like me ka Medushevsky, mau ana hiki ke kapaia walaʻauʻana nohona hoʻopololei hoʻokumu o ka Stalinist? Eia. Ke kanaka noiʻi manaoio ua loaʻa nō kekahi mau 'okoʻa hoʻokokoke mai i ka wehewehe a me ka hoʻomaopopo i ka pā o ka "ka weliweli nui", i ka hopena o ka likeʻole aʻe, ka huiʻoihana? Aieao, na kêia kanaka o kona manaʻo. Wā a Mānoa, o ka papa, e pili ana i ka papa kuhikuhiE malu makai o ke aupuni - GUGB NKVD a me Stalin.

? aaeei Hiʻona

Pili aupuni repression, e like me na mea he nui ke kālā no Lūkini moʻolelo, no ka hapanui loa, kue ole wale ka na kanawai, akā, no hoi a hiki i ka XIX. Law - ke Kumukanawai. Ma 'ana, i ke ku e ana mai ua e ho okumu ana i keu-Hookolokolo kino i loko o nui mea. Ke ano hiki ke noonoo, a me ka mea he nui ka helu o ka palapala i kakauinoaia e Stalin ia ia iho, i ka wa wehe AEIU. Kēia Hōʻike ua aneane pau loa ka repression kālai'āina i hoomanaia mai au e lakou.

Hooikaika ana o Stalin ka mana

Pili aupuni repression i loko o 30 makahiki, hoomaka ae la e lilo he ākea i ka hoʻomaka o ka industrialization a me ka collectivization o ka aina. Ua ua no nui, a lilo pilikino mana o Stalin. Pili aupuni repression hoopa maiʻepekema. No ka laʻana, ōlaʻi i o ia i maopopo kona i loko o ka hihia "o ka Academy o Sciences". I ka 1932 Ua hoʻouna eha kākau i loko o ke pioʻana i komo i loko o ka "Siberian brigade." Haneri o nā ilāmuku i hoʻokauwā ma ke Red Army, i hopu. A pau o ia i wahi ma ka hihia o "Hao". Ma ka ia wā, ka repression kālai'āina lawe mai ma luna o ka "nationalist deviators."

Ke kahua ma ka republics

Ke Tatar a Crimean hana nona iho Repubalika, i hopu kekahi papa kiʻekiʻe ke kula. Ka mea i paʻa i loko o ka hihia o "Suletana-Galyiv pae o ka loan-revolutionaries", ma i ke Alii i hai Suletana-Galiev - Tatar Communist. I kekahi poe kalepa i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka make, i i a laila UAIAaIN e hoʻopaʻahao, ma remand no 10 makahiki. Ma Belarus, ma 30-31 makahiki. Ua ai ua hoohewaia'ku e ka poeikohoia o ka kālai'āina nakeke o ka repubalika. Ka mea, Ua kauoha ma ka pili ana i ka hihia o ka "Union o Liberation", ma i kekahi paʻa 86 iao? A me ka moʻomeheu huahelu. Ma ke kupulau o ka 30th makahiki i ka hamama kaʻina i loko o Ukraine. Ma ka hihia o ka "Union o Liberation o ka Lepupalika" i wahi oi o 40 kanaka. Ma ke poo o ka mea i hoopiiia ua Efremov - Hope Pelekikena AUAS. E like me i olelo ia i loko o ka 'āhewa' ana, i pahuna "ka Union o Liberation o ka Lepupalika" e hoohiolo iho i ka Soviet ke aupuni, a, e hoohuli Ukraine i ka aina malalo o ko a kalele iho ma luna o kekahi o na kokoke bourgeois nā lāhui. A pau 'ole i loko o ka hihia olelo pale hihia hewa. Lālau aʻela ia i loko o no ka hooiaio ana a me ka mihi ana o na hoopii ia, i ka make hoopai ia i UAIAaIN ma 8-10 makahiki o ka paa. Nine kanaka loaa conditional manawa. Ma Kharkov, ma ka hihia o "koa hui o Ukraine" Ua paʻa 148 i komo. Ma pili ana me kēia kaʻina hana, i hopu ia ma Moscow i ka makahiki 1934, ka makahiki Poloz. He paa ana i ka oihana o ka hope Luna hoomalu o ka Bedroom Komisina o ka CEC o ka USSR. Ma na 20s ia hana Poloz elele o Ukraine ma Moscow, o ka USSR People ka Commissar o Waiwai a me ka lunahoomalu o ka State Planning Hoona Kuleana. He Ua ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka umi makahiki 'paa.

"General, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe" o ka CPSU (b)

Ua Ua lawe mai i loko o 33-34 makahiki, a laila, laila, i loko o May 35th. Iloko o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana o ka aoao, i komo pū 1.916.500 lālā, 18,3% i hoʻokoe '. E like me ka pau ana o ke kaʻina hana, ua hoomaka ae la e hoʻomaka "hōʻoia o ka aoao palapala." Ua mau ae la ia a hiki i Dekemaba 35 o ka makahiki. I ka holo ana o keia hana, e ho onui i kekahi 10-20 tausani hopu. "Hope o nā palapala" i lawe mai, mai Ianuari a hiki i Sepatemaba i ka 36 la makahiki. I mea, ia ua he hoomau o ka hoʻomaka 'ana "hoomaemae" o 33-35 makahiki. Ma ka wahi mua, e lawe mai i ka hoopai i ke hoʻokoe 'ia mai ka' aoʻao. Peak hopu iloko i ka 37-38 E hoaahu iho makahiki. i loko o ka USSR, luahi o ka pili aupuni repression i loko o na makahiki elua hope i Ua loa lehulehu. I loko o kēia wā, ka mea i hookuia nui ma mua o 1.5 miliona kanaka, e make ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi 681.692 ho'āhewa.

Moscow e hookolokolo ai

I ka wā mai ka 1936 a hiki i 1938 i waiho i ka noonoo ana o ka nui mea ekolu. I komo nānā 'na hana o ka CPSU (b), e pili ana i na 20-30s ma ka akau a me ka Trotskyist kue. Ma kahi e, i kēia mau mea a pau i kapaia "Moscow e hookolokolo ai". Hopuia Ua kauoha me ka alu like 'ana me ka Western manao lawelawe no ka hoʻolālā o ke kīmopō o Stalin, a Soviet alakaʻi'ē aʻe, i ka make ana o ka USSR, i ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka capitalist'ōnaehana, a lawe mai ia ia ka poino i na aneiai nāʻoihana. Ke kaʻina hana mua i wahi i ka 1926, ma August. Hoopiiia aoao "Trotsky-Zinoviev Center". I ka papa kuhikuhiE convicts he Kamenev a me Zinoviev. Ma waho aʻeo ia i nāʻoihana e hoʻoleʻa aku, la oia i kauoha ia me ka pepehi kanaka o Kirov a me ka hoʻolālā o ke kipi akula lākou iā Stalin. I ka lua o ka hihia o "laua Anati-Soviet Trotskyite Center" Ua hoopa 17 liʻiliʻi nā man- akia i ka 1937. I ka papa kuhikuhiE hoopiiia i laila Sokolnikov, Pyatakov a me Radek. Ma o ka make ana o 13 kanaka i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi, a me ke koena i hoouna mai ai i ke alahouana, wahi hoomoana, i make koke. Ke kolu o ka kaʻina i wahi i ka 1938, mai ka 2nd a hiki i ka 13th o Maraki. He Ua kauoha ia me 21 i komo "Maikaʻi Trotskyite bloc". I ka papa kuhikuhiE convicts he Rykov a me Bukharin. ka mea, alakai aku i ka "pono kue" i ka 1928-29.

"Ua Tukhachevskogo"

Kēia kaʻina hana i wahi i ka 1937, i loko o June. Ua ai ua hoohewaia'ku e ka pae ana o na ilamuku o ka Red Army, me Tukhachevsky. Ka mea, i wahi i ka hoʻolālā a hoʻomākaukau i ka oihana koa coup. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, i lawe mai i ka Soviet alakaʻi ka nuipa hoʻokaʻawale, mai ka i loko o ka noho luna ana o ka Red Army. It E e kaulana i elima o na lala ewalu o ka Special Hookolokolo Komisina, ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka make hoahewa ia ana o "Tukhachevsky", a laila, ua hopu no hoi. Kēia, ma ka nui, Kashirin, Alksnis, Dybenko, Belov, Blucher.

hoʻomāinoino '

E loaa confessions i hoʻohana 'ano brutal ana. Kokoke a pau o ia i sanctioned e Stalin kino. I ka wā o ko "Khrushchev ka thaw" o ka Soviet Ka Loio Hoʻopiʻi ka oihana Hooia kekahi mau hana kālai'āina mea a me ka pae keʻano o ka hanaʻana. I loko o kona falsification hihia i hōʻike 'ia "e pono" e hoikeike ai i ua loaa ka hoʻohana' ana hoʻomāinoino '. Puka repression, hoʻomāinoino 'o ka poʻe pio i kona mau lā, he pono ole. No laila, no ka laʻana, he mea i kekahi moho lala o ka Politburo Eiche ma interrogations i wawahi ai i ka spine, a make iho la Blücher mai i ka hopena o ke kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana hoʻi ke kuku hoike. Stalin (like nō ia ma ka mōʻaukala mooolelo) ikaika e waiho i ka hana o ko lakou pepehi, e extract confessions.

Ke kānāwai "About ka luahi o ka pili aupuni repressions"

Ua Ua aponoia i ka makahiki 1991, ma 18 October. Mai kona komo i loko o ka ikaika, a me 2004 ka oi ma mua o 630-tausani kanaka i ua rehabilitated. pio kekahi, no kekahi laʻana, he nui noho alakaʻi kulana ma ka NKVD, ka poe i komo ai i pili i ka weliweli a me ka hana karaima hewa ole-pili aupuni ano, i ike like "ole malalo i ka hoʻopulapula." Ma mau, ka mea i manaoia oi ma mua o 970-tausani noi.

paʻa

Ma Rusia a me republics'ē aʻe ma mua, i kekahi manawa, i loko o ka Soviet Union, ua paa makahiki Day o luahi o ka Kalaiaina Repression. Ke kanakolu o Okatoba, i hoʻonohonoho 'ia nā hōʻike, heʻano o ka moʻomeheu a me ka papa hana hoʻonaʻauao. Ma ka Day o luahi o ka Kalaiaina Repression aupuni hoʻomanaʻo i nā mōhai i ke alahouana,, pana aku la ia kanaka, he nui ka poe i lawe mai i ka wa pono e pomaikai nui i kekahi o ka fatherland, a hiki lawe mai ia ma luna. Kēia, ma ka nui, o ka lei o ke kauoha o ka poe kaua o ka aina, iao? A me ka moʻomeheu huahelu. He nui nā kula e hoʻolālā ai "ola haʻawina" o ka mōʻaukala. A nei, he pinepine halawai me na koenaʻike maka i kēia mau hanana, kā lākou poʻe keiki, ma ka hoomanao ana i koe i kēia manawa weliweli. i paa i ka papa kuhikuhiE hanana ma ka Solovetsky Stone (Lubyanka Square) a ma ka Butovo kī pūʻana laulā. Rallies a marches ma St. Petersburg. I ka papa kuhikuhiE hanana i paʻa ma luna o ka Trinity Square a me Levashovskaya wasteland.