Polotsk na'lii: mōʻaukala, hoʻonaʻauao. Moʻomeheu o ka na'lii o Polotsk

Ma na aina kahiko o Belarus i kekahi mau kakini uuku Hawaii. Akā, no ka nui loa a me ka loa nui i manaoia Polotsk a me Turov na'lii. Ma lalo o kā lākou mau noho aliʻi, he liʻiliʻi panalāʻau. Oia like Pinsk, Minsk, Vitebsk a me na mea e ae. Ma keia 'atikala mākou e nānā i ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻonaʻauao' ana, moʻomeheu, a me nā luna o ka mea nui a me ka pono-ike ka hoʻonaʻauao - ka na'lii o Polotsk.

Oe ke lohe i ka na'lii o Polotsk - ka mua Hawaiian moku'āina. A ia mea. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ka mua hoohiki ana o ke kumu o feudal pili no i Polotsk aina. Ua i 'aneʻi, ma ka mea kaulana wai ala "mai ka Vikings a hiki i ka Helene", a ua hana i ka ikaika loa na'lii a Hawaiian ohana (Radimichi Krivichi Dregovichi).

ho okumu

Like pono ua he na'lii o Polotsk ma na aina Hawaiian? Eia naʻe, i ka pane a hiki i keia ninau mea,ʻaʻole pono e hiki. I ka lā,ʻaʻole i koe ole palapala kumu a me hulikoehana loaa, ma i kekahi ke hooholo ka wā i ke kahua o ka na'lii o Polotsk, i lilo ai. Moʻolelo i wale nō nā mea mahuʻi. A me ka loa, he pono ole kumumanaʻo ua kapaia ka IX kenekulia. Ua ua i ia manawa nalowale like halekupapau (lōʻihi barrows). Akā, ua mehameha ho okumu ana, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa - hui kaulua. ʻepekema wehewehe i kēia mea he ikaika i mea hoʻonāwaliwali maoli o ka poʻe a me ka tribal ano laulea. Eia hou kekahi, ia mea i loko o ka IX kenekulia, ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hele mai i ka papa oko ma waena o ka halekupapau. Kekahi i hoʻonaniʻia me ka pipiʻi, oiai kekahi poe - nui maʻalahi. Kēia mea hōʻike no ka waiwai like ole.

Ohana mahele i loko o waiwai a me ka poe ilihune i alakai ai i ka muli o ke aliʻi, ka mea i mimiki ma na lala 'ē aʻe o ke kaiāulu, a me catches ke kikowaena mana. O ke aliʻi, ma ka huli, ku mai ma kūloko luna. Ka mea, hoalaala ia paʻa i kulanakauhale, a ua palekana me ko lakou mau ohana iho. No laila, i loko o ka hapa mua o ke kenekulia IX ka tribal hanohano Krivichy kukulu i kekahi kulanakauhale ma ka wahi, kahi o ka muliwai kahe i Polota Western Berezina. Eia, mai ke kaiāulu ohi i ka waiwai hookupu.

Mother Hawaiian kulanakauhale

Mōʻaukala o ka na'lii o Polotsk hoomaka ka poʻe me ka hanaia'na o ke kulanakauhale o Polotsk. Ka mua kūhelu hoohiki ana o ke kulanakauhale e pili ana i ka makahiki 862. Eia naʻe, moʻolelo hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i ka mea ikea nui mamua. Ke'ī mai, ma ka undated hapa o ka "nui o Bygone Nam" (he chronicle kahiko o na aina Slavic) Shoes ka inoa o "Polotsk" ka poʻe me "Kriviches". Ua hiki ke manao ia, a hiki i ka manawa o Krivichy līkaia no ka hookaawale ana a me kona kapikala ma Polotsk. Loa ma mua o ka Vikings muaʻikeʻia ma luna o ka honua, a me kona mauʻano i ka Old Lūkini moku'āina.

City loaa kona inoa no o ka muliwai, i ua aia ma luna o nā kapa. E like me ua oleloia, kokoke i ka hooponopono ana o ka muliwai i kahe ana i loko o Polota Western Berezina.

?? eoi?

Polotsk a Turov ko na'lii, i kau ma luna loa infertile aina. Eia naʻe Polack i ka lanakila nui kekahi. Eia ka ke kuʻina o ka nui kuai? Ooia o ka Berezina, Dvina, a Neman. Ia mea, o ka wai ala "mai ka Vikings a hiki i ka poe Helene." Kēia i ka pilina ole wale no ka hooulu ana o ke kalepa a me ka waiwai i loko o ka moku'āina, akā, no hoi, kena ae la he nui Polenekia o nā kānaka a me nā lāhui kanaka a pau ma ka aina o Polotsk. A me ka palena o ka na'lii i hoʻopuniʻia impenetrable ululaau, a hooikaika aku me ka ike loea palekana mai ka poe enemi. A me ka poe enemi Polochans amassed me ka makahiki hou a me ka oi kela. Mai ka na'lii o ka hooponopono ma ka oihana? Ooia i i makemake i ke kokoke Hawaii - Kiev a me Novgorod. A ho'ōla alakaʻi i ia kenekoa hoopaapaa a me ka papakaukau hookahe koko.

Polotsk Ua hookomoia ole wale i ka aina o Polotsk, akā, kekahi hapa o ka ?? eoi? Dregovichi, Lituania a me ka Pinilanaʻohana. Polochans noho ma ka Western Dvina, canvases, e like me ia ma loko Berezina, Neman a me Svisloch. Ka 'ole o ka na'lii a me ka nui kulanakauhale me Minsk, Vitebsk, Orsha, Borisov, Logoisk, Zaslavl, Drutsk, Lukoml a me na mea e ae. Ke'ī mai, oiai ka IX-XIII kenekulia ka mea, ua i ka nui a me ka ikaika 'Eulopa moku'āina.

mua Prince

Ka mua olelo ai o Iosepa i ka Auguseto nana i hui pu i ka na'lii o Polotsk, i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua o ka X kenekulia. E like me ii aku ai ma ka chronicle, "valadaryu, trymau I knyazhyu Ragvalod Polatskayu zyamleyu".

Norman Rogvolod "hele mai, mai ke kai", a alii iho la oia mai ka 972 978 o ka makahiki. Kēia manawa ua noʻonoʻo pono i ke kahua hope loa o ka ho okumu ana o ka na'lii o Polotsk. Ka moku'āina Ua ulu kona mau palena, entrenched manaʻo politika a me ka hoʻomalu nenoaia, i hanaʻia i ka poe koa ikaika, hoʻomaka e hookupaa kuai ana. Ka mōʻaukala kāna mau 'ōlelo a me ka waena konu lilo ke kulanakauhale o Polotsk.

Princess me ekolu inoa

Mōʻaukala o ka na'lii o Polotsk - ka mōʻaukala o ka paio no ka kūʻokoʻa, a i ho'ōla nalowale. No laila, i loko o 980, i noʻonoʻo i ka aina e like me ka hapa o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina. Na na'lii Ua lilo kekahi i nă? Inoaia ma waena o ke kaua ana i laila Novgorod a me Kiev.

E like me ii aku ai ma ka chronicle, ma ka 978, Prince Rogvolod e hoʻoikaika i nā palena o ko lākou mau noho, ua hoʻoholo e haawi mai i kana kaikamahine o ke alii o Kiev Rogneda Jaropolk, e hoole ana i ka mea ia manawa Vladimir Svyatoslavich (Auguseto, mai ka Novgorod Rurik aliʻi). Hiki ole ke ku i ka hoohaahaa ana, Vladimir makani ino mai ai Polotsk, pepehi ihola Rogvolod a me kāna mau keiki kāne, a me Rogneda limanui aku i kana wahine, ma ka haawi ana i kona inoa Gorislava. ¶ Alaila, o ka Haku o Novgorod, hoopio Kiev, a lawe mai i Polotsk hou hoomana - Kristiano.

E like me ka "nui o Bygone makahiki" ma Rogneda a Vladimir Eha ana mau keiki kāne: Izyaslav (Prince o Polotsk), Yaroslav Mudry (Prince o Kiev a me Novgorod), Vsevolod (Vladimir-Volyn luna) a me Mstislav (Chernigov Prince). Like pono me na kaikamahine elua Premislava, ka mea hope mare Laszlo Baldy (Ugric ke aliʻi), a me Predslava, lilo ae la ka wahine o Boleslaw III ka Red (Czech Prince).

Ma hope o Rogneda Vladimir ho'āʻo e pepehi ia ia a me kana keiki Izyaslav (interceded ma mua o kona makua kāne i kona makuwahine) hoouna ma Polotsk, ke kulanakauhale Izjaslavl. Ke Alii lilo i Nuna, a i ka inoa o ke kolu - Anastasia.

Ka waiwai i ke alii o Polotsk

Ka 988 poe noho Izjaslavl kono Rogneda ke keiki a me Vladimir Izjaslava ke aliʻi. He lilo kaulana me he kane-kakauolelo a me kanaka hoʻouna o hou hilinaʻi, Kristiano, ma ka aina Polotsk. Ua hoʻomaka me Izyaslav hou lala i loko o ka Rurik aliʻi - Izyaslavich (Polotsk). Nā mamo a Izyaslav, e like me nā keiki a kona mau hoahānau, ua hoʻokoʻikoʻiʻia lākou kinship me Rogvolod (maternal). Ka mea, kapa aku la lakou ia lakou iho Rogvolodovichami.

Izyaslav make opio (i ka 1001), ua ola makou mahope o kona makuwahine Rogneda wale nō hoʻokahi makahiki. Polotsk na'lii a hoomaka ae la kana keiki muli iho Bryachislav Izyaslavich, e alii ai maluna o. A 1044 ka Auguseto i kona poe iho pilikino E pili nona i hoʻonui i ka aina. Lawe ka lanakila o ka hakaka a me ka hoʻonāwaliwali i Rusia, Bryachislav hopu Novgorod a me elima makahiki paʻa ka mana a me konaʻanakala Yaroslav ka Wise. I ka Ia manawa ka mea i kūkuluʻia a me ke kūlanakauhale Bryachislavl (laekahi Braslav).

flowering

Kiʻekiʻe o kona mana ka na'lii o Polotsk ma loko o 1044-1101 GG,, Ma ka noho alii ana o Vseslava Veschego ke keiki Prince Brjachislav. Ike ana ia ia e kaua aku no ke ola a me ka make, ka alii a ka hapalua like 60-ies XI kenekulia i hoomakaukau ana no ke kaua, - i paa i kūlanakauhale, ho'ākoakoa aʻela ia i kekahi poe koa. No laila, Ua hoʻoneʻe Polotsk ma ke kapa akau o ka Western Dvina, a hiki i ka waha o Polota.

Vseslav Polotsk hoomaka ae la e hoʻonui aina mamao i ke kūkulu'ākau, subjugated ohana Latgale a me Liv. Naʻe, i ka 1067, ka wā āna i Hiking ma Novgorod ua pomaikai ole oe, o ka luna, a me kāna mau keiki i pio e Izyaslav Yaroslavich, a ua pio ka moku'āina. Akā, i ka makahiki ma hope o ka kipi kanaka hookuu Vseslav, a me ka mea, ua hiki i ka • loaʻa hou nalowale lepo.

Mai 1069 1072 ka na'lii o Polotsk alakaʻi i ka relentless a me ka hi kaua me Kiev Moi. Ua Ua pio Smolensk na'lii, e like me kekahi o ka Chernigov aina ma ka akau. Ma kēlā mau makahiki, i ka heluna o ke kapikala o ka na'lii a ua oi aku mamua o ka iwakalua tausani kanaka.

e haule ana

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Vseslav i ka 1101, kāna mau keiki kāne maheleia ka na'lii i fiefdoms: Vitebsk, Minsk, Polotsk, Logoisk a me na mea e ae. A i 1127 ke keiki Vladimira Monomaha, e lawe ana ka lanakila o nä mea ma waena o nā aliʻi, lanakila a laulau moni a pau Polotsk. Izyaslavich oia i lawe pio, a laila, paʻa kipakuia i ka mamao Byzantium. No laila, ma ka hopena o ka XII kenekulia i ka mana o ka na'lii o Polotsk i loko o ka International Arena ua lilo iho la, a me kekahi o nā panalāʻau e noho hopu Novgorod a me Chernigov.

Ma ka XIII kenekulia ma Polotsk ka mea hahau i ka hou pilikia - ka Papa Hanohano o ke Kane, ka mea hope i lilo i ka Livonian. Pono laila Prince Vladimir o Polotsk kaua mai i ka Crusaders no ka oi ma mua o iwakalua makahiki, akā, e hooki ia lakou ka mea, ua ma lalo o ikaika ole. Ka mea, ua i ka hoʻomaka o ka welau o ke kūʻokoʻa. A ma ka 1307 Polotsk lilo kekahi hapa o ka Luna Nui Duchy o Lithuania.

Moʻomeheu o ka na'lii o Polotsk

Ua Ua Ua lilo keia na'lii a he wahi kahi i hānauʻia ai ka Hawaiian statehood a me ka moʻomeheu a me ke kākau 'ana. Me Polotsk me na inoa i pili i Evfrosiniya Polotskaya, Lazar Bogsha, Frantsisk Skorina, Kirill Turovsky a me Simeona o Polotsk. Ka mea, i ka haaheo o ka Hawaiian aupuni.

Me ka Hekikai o Kristiano ma ka Polotsk kuhikuhipuʻuone hoomaka ae la e hoʻomōhala. No laila, ka mea mua monumental hale pohaku lilo Polotsk St. Sophia Hale Pule Nui, kūkuluʻia i loko o ka 1050 o ka. A ma ka 1161 o ka jeweler Lazar Bogsha Ua hanaia he masterpiece o ka pili no o ka hikina Slavs - he hanana keʻa Euphrosyne. XIII kenekulia i kekahi manawa i ka wa ua ka Hawaiian 'ōlelo.