Pyramidal Hawaii alanui. Symptoms o ka pyramidal alahele

Mākou lolo - he hanana mnogokompleksnaya'ōnaehana e hoʻi nā ka sensory a me ka vestibular i hoʻomākaukauʻia, ana, manao, olelo, hihio a me ka oi.

He 'atikala e kamailio e pili ana ana i ka lolo hoʻi, no ka naau a me ka involuntary ka neʻe' ana. A me ka aha i neurological abnormalities pili me ka poho i ka pyramidal'ōnaehana o ka lolo.

Pyramidal a extrapyramidal ala

Pyramidal'ōnaehana ninoieo o pyramidal a me extrapyramidal mau alahele. He aha ka ke unuhi? Pyramidal ke alanui, a me tractus pyramidalis, - ia mea he ala e hoʻohuiʻia nā neurons o ka cortex kuleana no Hawaii haʻawina, a me nā nuclei o ka spinal a me ka cranial nā aʻalolo Oihana. Kona 'oihana - e kū iho Muscle ana, maalo ae la oia i ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana lepa i ke kino. Akā, extrapyramidal, ka mea hoʻi iā ka unconscious hoʻoponopono reflexes o ko mākou kino. He oi kahiko, a oi loa 'ole o ka lolo, a me kona mau lepa a mai, mai hōʻike i loko o ka naau.

Extrapyramidal a me ka pyramidal - ala lalo iho. A e ala ka papa kuhikuhiE aoao kuleana no ka EYI o ka 'ike mai ka makaukau a hiki i ka lolo. Mau nā: kīloi paʻewa spinal thalamic ala e alakai spinal cerebellar a posterior spinal cerebellar.

Pyramidal alahele o ka lolo. 'ole

Ka mea, ua māheleʻia i loko o 2 hoailona ia mea: no ka cortico-spinal a me ka cortical-nukelea. Cortico-spinalʻaha mea kuleana no ka neʻeʻana o ke kumu, ka cortico-nukelea kumu hoʻohālikelike a lehalehu t nāʻiʻo a me ka moni 'ia.

Pehea e holo ai ka cortico-spinal pyramidal ala? Ua hoʻomaka ka pou ala mai ka cerebral cortex - i ka wahi i mea kuleana no ka kiekie noʻonoʻo haʻawina o ka ike paka i. Ka wauke ninoieo loa o interconnected neural latike. More o 14 ieeeea? Neurons i kia ma ka pńpa.

Hemispheric Information redistributed i loko o ia i kekahi ala e na mea a pau e pili ana i ka hana o ka laloʻaoʻao, ua aia i loko o ka luna, a me ka mea, e like me ia i ka luna, ma ka mea ku ole, i loko o ka hale a lalo.

All lepa mai ka luna a me nā wahi haʻahaʻa o ka pńpa e ohi, a laila 'o ia i ka mea maloko mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku. A laila, ma ka midbrain, a ma ka hapa waena o ke alahaka mea nana i ulana misses ke aʻalolo olona, pyramid medulla.

Eia ka mea, ai manamana ai: i kekahi mahele nui o na olona, (80%) e hele ai i ka kekahiʻaoʻao o ke kino a me kona mauʻano i ke kīloi paʻewa cerebrospinal alahele. Mau lala "kāhea" motoneurons, i hiki ke hoʻouna i laila, no lepa i ka aelike a hoʻonānea na nāʻiʻo i kāinoa mua 'ana. A puu uuku hapa o ka puluniu laulau (20%) motoneurons innervate "iho"ʻaoʻao.

Cortico-nukelea pyramidal alanui initially hele ma ka like lolo hale a me kona mau "hoa", akā, i kēlā manawa i loko o ka midbrain, a hele i ka lehalehu t neurons.

Anatomical hiʻona i mea nui i kaʻike,

Pyramidal alanui i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o kona 'ole, i ole e nana hiki ia ia mea e pono e loaʻa mai i ka IIeEeAIEUAA o pathology. He aha ka mau pono e ike?

1. Part o ke aʻalolo olona, corticospinal ala ma mua o ke kīloi paʻewa keʻa ma, a hiki ma ke kea keʻokeʻo commissure o ka spinal kaula Hoʻohana, ma ia welau a.
2. Ka hapa nui o ke kino nāʻiʻo hoi malalo o ko na hemispheres elua o ka lolo. He mea nui ka hoomalu ana. Ina o ka hahauʻana a me ka hahauʻana ia mau e hoomanawanui i ka poe i diagnosed "hemiplegia" hiki mālama kino hoʻopapakū.
3. Ke olona, o ka lolo alahaka āpana corticospinal alanui i kaawale ma nā olona, - cerebellar ala. hookaawaleia kaola e hele mai i ke alahaka. Ma keia manao, neʻe kāna hana i pinepine puehu wale aku no. Oiai ka pathological pulakaumaka hiki e kekahi.

Symptoms o ka pyramidal alahele kekahi manawaʻano maopopo, e like me ia ma ka hihia o ka lōlō o ka lalo lala, no ka laʻana. Akā, i kekahi manawa, i mea paakiki e hooholo i ka hihia. He nui, e hai i ka uuku paewaewa ma Hawaii nā mākau, a hele mai i ke kauka.

symptoms o ka poino. pae

Lapaʻau hoikeana o ka 'aʻe' lawelawe pyramidal alahele hilinaʻi ma luna pono a 'Oihana he mea poho ia i ke aʻalolo olona. He nui na pae o ka Hawaii hope poino mai ka piha lōlō i kŘpa a ano kāna hana.

No laila, neurology e hōʻike ana i nā kēia pae o ka luku pyramidal alahele:

1. Central monoparesis (lōlō). Aʻe 'ana i ke aupuni' o ka cerebral cortex (hema a me ka akau).
2. Central hemiparesis. Ka pahale mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku kōna.
3. Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'alternating hemiplegia - hoʻohuli ai i nā wahi o ka lolo kumu.
4. lōlō o lala. Kekahi o kaʻaoʻao kaula i loko o ka spinal kaula.

Central lōlō me ka lolo hanaʻino i ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku, a ua wehewehe aku i ka cerebral hemispheres ma ka mea i ua uhaʻiʻia ai ka hana o nāʻiʻo ma kaʻaoʻao e ku pono ana o ke kino e pili ana i ka lesion wahi. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i loko o ka'emi'ōnaehana hana e holo pyramidal alahele. ʻo ia hoʻi, ka olona, neʻe i kaʻaoʻao a kīloi paʻewa spinal alahele. Ma ka Nohie kiʻikuhi e hōʻike mai ana i ka pyramidal ala,'anatomia i i ua kūkā mai ma luna, i kela aoao a me ka neʻe ia.

Inā ka poino i ka spinalʻaha kīloi paʻewa pauku o Nyos Muscle ma ka hookahiʻaoʻao, kahi pōʻino.

Neuropathology. ʻike ākea a kikowaena lōlō

Nā aʻalolo olona, ma lalo o ka microscope e like kaula. Kā lākou hana mea nui loa ia no ke kino. Inā e kue ana i ka conductivity, eʻaʻole e hiki ke loaa ia mau lepa a ma ka kekahi hapa o ka'emi ko kaula na nāʻiʻo i loko o kekahi mau mea o ke kino. Kēia e i lōlō. Lōlō ua maheleia i mau ano: Central a me kaʻike ākea.

Inā 'aʻe kekahi o na kikowaena Hawaii nā aʻalolo i loko o ka "latike", he mea he kikowaena lōlō. A i ka wa o ka pilikia a me kaʻike ākea Hawaii nā aʻalolo lōlō meaʻike ākea.

I ka flaccid lōlō kauka E nńnń pono i ka emi ma ka Muscle leo, a me ka ikaika emi ma ka Muscle nuipa a. e hoemi Tendon reflexes e hoi a nalo loa.

Ke kahua Uaʻokoʻa ma ke kikowaena lōlō. A laila, he mea hyperreflexia, mahuahua Muscle leo, i kekahi manawa, he mau contractures.

Pyramidal insufficiency i loko o nā pēpē. kumu

Symptoms o Hawaii hoʻopilikia i loko o ke keiki i ka malihini twitching, a me ka mea, e hele okoa ma mua o nā keiki - ma tiptoe; a pololei ole okoʻa no ka manawa holo ana. Nā kumu no kēia moku'āina o ke keiki i e:

• underdevelopment o ka lolo (spinal ole lolo);
• hanau trauma, ina poino parietal lobe o ka lolo paha o ka lolo kumu, he 'aʻe' ana o ka pyramidal alanui maopopo leʻa makemake;
• hereditary maʻi o ka'emi ko kahua.
• hypoxia;
• cerebral hemorrhage ma hope o ka nahunahu hanau;
• nā mea palahēhē, e like me meningitis paha arachnoiditis.

Iapaau ana no ka makua increasingly lāʻau. Akā, no na keiki ia mea nui maikaʻi, e hoʻohana ki ina hana like e like me physical Inc, lomilomi a me nā wikamina. Ināʻaʻohe abscess i loko o ka lolo a me nā mea poino, i ka makahiki mua o ke ola e ka hoʻomaikaʻi.

Paresthesia a myoclonus

'Aʻe' ana o ka cervical spine hiki aku ai i ka paresthesia. Kēia neuropathy Ua wehewehe aku ma sensory ka haunaele. A kanaka hiki kekahi e lilo nano ili pā lonoaʻili paha tingling aloha i loko o ke kino. Paresthesia ia me ke kōkua o ke acupuncture, manuale Inc paha physiotherapy. A, o ka papa, e pono e wehe i ka mole kumu o ka neuropathy.

Kekahi make pyramidal'āpana, a, no laila, Hawaii aayoaeuiinoe - ka myoclonus - involuntary jerking.

Myoclonus hele mai i loko o kekahi mau 'ano apau loa.

• rhythmic myoclonic contraction kaawale Muscle pūʻulu;
• velopalatinnye ka ho'ēmiʻana - ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka ulia arrhythmic elelo, a me ka puʻu;
• postural myoclonus;
• cortical;
• myoclonus ma muli o Hawaii hope ( 'âlapa).

Myoclonus, a cortical myoclonus - he maʻi o ke aʻalolo lawelawe ala, kena ae la ia e ke kanaka haunaele iloko o ka Hawaii-oaio? A o ka lolo. Ia mea, ma ka hoʻomaka o ke pyramidal alahele. Inā ka "ole" cortex, lepa i na nāʻiʻo, e holo nō ia, i ka ua nānaina.

Naʻe ke kumu no Hawaii haunaele pyramidal alahele paha e nele o ka makanekiuma, a me ka psycho-mea naʻau a physical stress, a ua nui no hoi na kumu. No laila, i kaʻike, e kau i kekahi kauka ma hope o kéu MRI.

Diagnosing kāna hana

ʻO lalo wānana Ua pyramidal ala, e ala ana ma ka mea hookahi o kekahi mea? Aaeaao lepa ma ke kino i ka spinal kaula o ka CNS. Haule, conversely, ia? Aaeaao lepa i ka lolo neurons.

E hooholo i ka'ōnaehana pūnaewele ua iʻa, a i ka mea like, he neurologist ma anamanaʻo kaupaona i nā he lākou o nā mea kiko'î e pili ana i ka a me nāʻiʻo, a me ka ami, a me nā aʻalolo reflexes.

Neurologist e lawelawe ai i ka lapaʻau 'ana i ke kaʻina hana:

• kaupaona i nā ka laulā o ke noi ana o nā mea a pau ami;
• e kaha i ka hohonu reflexes, e nana ana, aole i ka mea pathological reflexes ;
• verifies mea a pau o ka lehalehu t nā aʻalolo;
• Ua ana ka pou conductivity o na nāʻiʻo, kā lākou liluwelo Loaʻaʻia;
• kaupaona i nā ka muscular ikaika;
• a ka mea, ua koiia e nānā ina he mea pathological clonic contractions.

I ka wā o ka neurologist hoʻokolokolo ai i ka laulā o ke noi, e hoʻomaka e ninaninau mua i ka nui ami, a laila, kaupaona i nā i ka uku. Oia hoi, mua nānā i ka poohiwi hui, alaila, i ke kuʻekuʻe aku a me na pulima oʻu.

I ka make ana o ka cortico-nukelea ala

Pyramidal ala o ka hookumu ana o nā hana o ke kino,ʻaʻole wale na nāʻiʻo, akā, i ka maka. Nā axons o lehalehu t Hawaii neurons ke hoʻouna i kekahi mau lepa i nāʻiʻo. E noonoo oe i ka details. Pālua kāna mau 'ōlelo motoneurons innervate nāʻiʻo o ka pharynx, larynx, palupalu kīleo, a hiki Muscle mauka esophagus. Motoneurons o ka trigeminal nā aʻalolo mea kuleana no ka hana ana i kekahi o ka masticatory nāʻiʻo, a me ka poe i haawi aku i ka hōʻailona e emi i ka eardrum. E hoʻokaʻawale aʻe Hawaii neurons emi lehalehu t nāʻiʻo ka wā mākou maliu oluolu mai la a mau kuʻemaka. He mimic neurons. Kekahi pūʻulu o nāʻiʻo kuleana no ka holo ana o na maka a me nā lihilihi.

alakai neuron make lewa ma luna o ka "subordinate" Muscle iā ia. Keia rula ua ma muli o ka holoʻokoʻa pyramidal alanui. Neurology lehalehu t nā aʻalolo hiki aku i ka loa kaʻawaʻawa loa hopena. Eia naʻe, holo o ka'ōnohi a poʻopoʻo ka a me ka moni 'ia ana i ka malamaia.

Worth i olelo ia e ia lŘlŘ ka huina shutdown o ka lehalehu t nāʻiʻo ke kaōhiʻana i ka lolo Hoʻohana wale ina pepehi a me ka pono a me ka haʻalele hemisphere. Most lehalehu t neurons i hoi malalo o ko pono, e like me na nāʻiʻo o ke kumu. Unilateral hele olona, hele wale i ka haʻahaʻa o ka maka,ʻo ia na nāʻiʻo o ke alelo , a malalo iwi.

I ka make ana o ka Hawaii, iaono? O ka cerebral cortex

A hiki i ka hopena o ka trauma Hawaii poino wahi i loko o ka cortex o kekahi o na hemispheres, ke kanaka paralyzes kekahiʻaoʻao. I ka poino nā hemispheres,ʻeluaʻaoʻao lōlō. Inā mau ioauoa eʻike piʻi pīhoihoi, kena ae la ia e kūloko a Central convulsions. Pinepine ke kāʻili 'ana e hōʻike i ka hooulu ana o ka epilepsy.

Symptoms o ka pyramidal alahele ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lolo kumu

Mai i ka pae ana o ka lolo kumu (medulla a me pons) ia lŘlŘ i kela kapa olona,, i ka wa o ka pio ana o kēia mau hale a gamiplaziya ua mau hana ma ka 'ē aʻeʻaoʻao o ke kino. Ua kapaʻia kēia symptom alternating lōlō.

Pyramidal ala o ke kumu no ka lole Hawaii mākau. Inā hiki he uuku maoli ka pōʻino mai lolo kumu, ae aku neʻe liʻiliʻi o ka manamanalima.

He nui okoa syndromes, pono, a ma ka au mamuli hōʻike no ka 'aʻe' ka heluna o ka hana hoʻokōʻia e ka pyramidal ala: Avellisa syndromes, Schmidt, Wallenberg-Zakharchenko a me na mea e ae. hiki pinepine nā symptoms o kēia mau syndromes Kauka ho oholo i ka mau wahi o ka 'aʻe' ana o nā lawelawe ala i ke kālailai.