Simone Martini: Kawaihae a me na hana

Italy ua lawe mai i ke ao nei nui Artists nana i hana masterpieces o kona manawa. I kekahi o kēia mau geniuses o ka pena i koe i loko o ka "naau o Italy" ma Simone Martini. Hoʻopaʻa haʻawina kona Kawaihae ua ole maʻalahi. Nā māmala'ōlelo e hōʻike ana i ka poe i koe o ka mea, i ka nānā i ka palapala, a i maopopo nä haumäna i ka poʻe o ia manawa.

Aka hoi,? Aeiino? I ka chronology o hanana a me ke ola o Simone Martini pomaikai ae la lakou,ʻoiai i loko o kēia moʻolelo mea,ʻaʻole pēlā i laumania. Ma kekahi mau wahi, aia no na hoopaapaa ana, ma kahi e loaʻa nā wahi i wāhiʻia. Aka, mahalo i na hana o ka artist, hiki ke hōʻike, a hoʻomaka ia manawa - ola.

e hoomaka ana

Eia naʻe, Simone Martini Kawaihae hoʻomaka me ka make. 'O kēia ka mea wale kūlike loa ka lā, i kauoha aku e kiʻi i ka noiʻi. Ma kekahi o na cathedrals o Siena - San Domenico, i loaʻa 'ikamu, ma muli o ka a ia la ia mea i ka artist nui makeʻaneʻi ma August 4, 1344. Ke mau lā o kona hanau mea,ʻaʻole e hiki i ka ike. 'ōlelo koʻikoʻi akula ike wale i ka makahiki - 1284 la. Ua ua ho'ākāka 'ia e like me ka' ike e hōʻike 'ia ma luna o ka hale kupapau o ka pena: Ka' ike heluhelu ia ua make Martini ma ka makahiki o ka 60 makahiki.

helehelena

More nīnau ai ka haohao ana i pili i ka paia waho o ka Italia. Kona hoapili, ka mea kaulana Petrarch koi i Simone i ole maikai. Ke noiʻi hoʻoholo ihola e nana i ke kiʻi o ka artist i loko o kona mau pena. Kekahi i ike ia ia i loko o kaʻaʻahu o Kristo mua Pilato, kekahi, ike aku la ia ia i loko o ke ano o ka naita. Oaeuiinoe kiʻi hiki i ka fresco "Ka mana o ke alahouana o ke keiki."

Ka mua 30 makahiki

Kēia manawa i loko o ke ola o ka mea nāna i hana, Eia naʻe, ua i ikeia. Eia naʻe, eia nā manaʻo kōkua i Simone i hānau i loko o Siena. Kona makua kāne i kekahi kūloko plasterer, nāna i hoʻomākaukau ka canvas no murals. Loa paha, keia ka mea alakaʻi i ka artist a hiki i ka wā e hiki maiʻoihana kahuna.

Aia ka he manawa kūpono i ke keiki aʻo nō i loko o ka o Nuioka ma o Duccio, akā, ua hiki mai i ka hiʻona i ka mea nāna i hana ma hope e pili ana "Maesty". Ano, ike makahiki o ka paʻi o keia canvas - 1315 la. Kēiaʻikepili ua loaʻa ma luna o ka haka ai o ka fresco. Oiai, ina kena ae ka hana i ke kulanakauhale o ke aupuni, a laila ka mea, ua maopopo i ka pena mua i ke kaulana maikai. "Maesta" noho i loko o ka Palazzo Pubblico. ʻai i kēia wahi ke kauoha wale he poʻokela haku o kona maalea.

Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i ka artist hana ma luna o kona mau mele, imi iho la e hōʻike a pau o ka loa maoli a me kaʻoia iʻo. Kēia likelihood Ua lewa i loko o kona mau hana. Nolaila, ua loaa i kekahi mea, mai ke kulanakauhale Aupuni, e kolo `i ka pā,ʻo ia i hele ma laila, e ole wale ike me kona mau maka i ka mea o ke akamai, akā, i haha aku i ka lewa o ke kaua a me ka naʻi aupuni. A laila, ho'ākoakoa aʻelaʻo ia i kāna kauwā, a hele aku la i ka lio ma luna o ka hele ana. Mural hope hoonoho iho la i loko o ke keʻena Mappomondo ia i ka 1331. ʻO wai lā ka mea kama'āina me ka huina hoonui o loa paʻakikī, no ka mea, ua manaoia e e luku, akā, i ka noiʻi manao nei e huna i kona nānā.

kūʻiʻo

Ka mea, eia, Eia naʻe, he wahi. Ke ho'āʻo nei e? Aeiino? I ke ola o Simone Martini, e hiki hina ma luna o ka hōʻoiaʻikepili. No ka laʻana, ka mea, ua ikeia e ke pena hele i Assisi. A o keia ua i ka 1310-ies. Aia ia i lawe mai i ka hana, meaʻai i ka ekalesia o San Francesco i kohuia-aniani puka makani. Ma hope,ʻo ia hana iʻaneʻi a me frescoes.

Aia nā hōʻike i Martin ua i kekahi manawa i loko o Napela, he mea ole Documentary hoike o keia. Kona holo ana i ke kulanakauhale o Napela ua pili i ka mea o ke kuahu i loko o ka hanohano o ka canonization Lyudovika Tuluzskogo.

kaila

Loko o kaʻumi makahiki, ua hiki ke 'imi i ka nui ohi o ka pena ma luna o ka wahie, ka mea e leie aku oe e Hoʻokolo loli ma ka hana o Simone noiʻi. Nā frescoes, i i hana ma Assisi, i kekahi hoailona protodzhottistskie hiʻona, akā, i ka hana i hana ai ma hope hāʻawi mai gotiziruyuschim kaila. Hope au hoʻololi i wale i ka buke, akā, i nā wahi like a me ka laina i loko o ka hana.

Ma ka hana ana i keia manawa hiki e maluhia wahi mau polyptych mai i ka ekalesia o Santa Catarina a me Museum ma Orvieto. 'Oiai, ua pinepine ae lawe mai noiʻi stylistic Ka Ikepili, i Hōʻike i ka la mahope, pili ia i ka polyptych 1320 la makahiki. Ma ke ala, i ka ka manaʻo pohihihi o ke ao ana o keia hana ma laila, no ka palapala loaʻa kekahi mau kānaka kōkua ma loko o ka haku o ia huahana.

ikaika ha awina

Ma ke kulanakauhale he mau palapala a me ka 'ike e pili ana i uku pena. A me ka uku i puka mai ma luna o ka regular 'aelike, a no laila, i loko o ka Siena artist hanaʻano' Imi. Koke mai, a me ka hana no a Martini i loaa i ke kālā, a ua hiki ole i ka hōʻike, e like me kekahi i ua nalowale loa.

Aia ka hōʻike i Simone loaʻa ke kālā no ka hoʻololi 'ana i kona mau mea i hanaia "Maesta". Ka mea i ka fresco i ua hōkaiʻia ma muli o ka wai seepage. Nō hoʻi, ke artist loaa ke kālā no ka mea keʻa-pena, a i destined e hoʻopau i kekahi mea nāna i hana. Mau i ka 1322, Martin loaa i ke kālā no ka hana i hana 'ia no ka Palazzo Pubblico.

Personal ola

Marriage Italian mea nāna i hana mai ai i ka 1324. Kona aloha lilo Giovanna, kaikamahine Filippuchcho. Mākou ke kuhi ana i ka ahaaina mare ua nani, me Martini loaa nui puu dala no kā lākou hana. Ka maopopo o ka mea i mua o ka ahaaina mare mai, kuai aku la ia i ka hale o kona wā e hiki mai ka wahine. A ua he makana ia i lele i ka hailona o ke kālā,ʻo ia uku 220 gula florins (a mea, ua ekolu manawa like ka nui o ke dala ana, ua loaa ia no kāna hana maikaʻi me ke kiʻi o ka pā kaua).

Oia ka makana hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha e ke' ano ua like mahalo no ka lokomaikaʻi. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ia manawa i ka pena ua, ua 40 na makahiki, a me kona fiancee ua nui JNA. Simone manaʻo obligated e aloha aku i ke kaikamahine no ka mea, uaʻaeʻo ia e mare i kekahi manoanoa kanaka elemakule. Ma ka mare ana, i ka artist ua hiki ke hookupaa kokoke ano laulea a me ka 'ohana Lippo, ka poe hiki ke hoopaa mai a hiki i ka hopena o kaʻike hoʻokumu Martini. Ka clearest hoike ana o keia pili-hui ano laulea me ka hoahanau o kana wahine i ka huina hoonui o ka "Annunciation o ka Uffizi", ma ka hai hiʻona o Lippo 'ohana.

Family hana

Ma hope o mare i ka artist hoʻomauʻeleu hana i loko o ka olelo o kaʻike hoʻokumu. I ka 1326, oia i hana i ka pūnaewele puni honua nui, i hope i kapaia "loa maikaʻi", a me ka uku no ka mea, ua pono. ʻO kēia mau makahikiʻo ia i hana i ka pena o ka hae mau o ka a, Eia naʻe, i loko o ko mākou manawa i ole e holo. Ka mea, i hoolilo i ke keiki a ke alii, Robert.

Ma ka hopena o 1320 i ka hana mau, mea a i manaoia e ua nalowale aku la hoi i hana. Ka mua ua hoolilo ai i na anela elua, a ua hanaia no ka Palazzo Pubblico, a me ka lua o ka hana hōʻike he kipi Marco Regoli, a ua kauʻia i loko o ke keʻena o ka Consistory.

France

Avignon, he kaona liʻiliʻi i loko o Provence, i ka manawa, lilo ae la i ka moʻomeheu kilokilo-oaio? I loko o ke ao nei. Here houluulu Artists mai nā mea a pau ma Europa, lawe mai la i kana hana, a me ka pau Workshop. I ka 1336 au wau iuka nei me Simone. Eia ka nui a Mānoa hoʻokani ma ka stratification o ke kaiāulu, ma a Martini ho'āʻo e e kokoke ana i ka "loloa kanaka". He hana no laila, i ka lilo ana o kona akamai, e hali ana mai kauoha o kiekie oihana.

Eia naʻe, 'ike e pili ana i ka hana o Martini ma Farani mea uuku. Aia nā palapala kūhelu i hōʻike i ka proactive pale mai o ka mea nāna i hana. He koi i ka hoike i loko o ka hoolimalima hana, ua hoi i ka aoao i ka loio i hihia.

Ma na hana e ke kaulana ia i loaʻa ka mea, i loko o ke koena o Notre Dame--de-Dome, e like me ka mea hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha i ka artist i ka lima i loko o ka frontispiece o ka palapala o Virgil, i mua o Kīwala'ō ma lalo Petrarch. I ike pena "Ka Hemolele Family", ke aupuni 'o Liwapula.

make

E like me ua ikeia, o ka pena make i ka 1344. Kona oopa iaʻikeʻole "mea maʻi". Italiaʻike ihola i kona hope ua kokoke, a no laila, he mau lā ma mua o kona make ana i ka makemake i loko a kona waiwai a pau i puunaue i kana wahine i ka hoahanau ma waena o. Ka palapala i hoike ma ka notary o Florence - Galgani.

"Annunciation"

Simone Martini kiʻi "Annunciation" Ua hoʻokumuʻia i ka 1333. Ke artist i hana ia no ke kuahu Ansan, a ua ke aupuni 'o Siena. Ka Ike mural gula e nô kêia i ka lewa, a me nāʻano o Mary naauao a me ka laumania. Luna'ānela Gabriel ua hōʻike 'ia ma ka canvasʻeleu huahelu, i? Ac? I kona mau kapa, a ua loaʻa i nā'ēheu o ka lele shape. Description (Simone Martini "Annunciation")ʻaʻohe mea pohihihi, a me kekahi mau puzzles. Ke kiʻi hoolilo aku hoi i kekahi mea nui loa palupalu, akā, i ka mea ia manawa huali a me kilokilo.

Images i hiki ke hōʻike 'ia ma ka mural, mystical. Kēlā me kēia'āpana e iho e like me ka aniani, ia mea loa fragile a me ka ethereal. Haipule Ansan a me Yulitta, ma ka mea ku ole, huli mai he nui a me kaʻoia iʻo.

"Madonna"

No hoi noteworthy o ka huina hoonui o ka "Madonna". Simone Martini i hana halawai lole, a he nui wahi mea a hiki i ka hope wā o kaʻike hoʻokumu, oi oʻo. Ano o ke kumu o ka mea nāna i hana o ke kāʻei kua gula me kaʻulaʻula, a uliuli Hue, palupalu laina, leo hone laina o ke kii o Maria. Fresco ua paa ia i nā hiʻona o ka Kokika kaila, a ua ano o ka pena i loko o ka hopena o wā o kona hana.

Keia hana ua aloha ma na mea he nui kânaka o ka mea kākau ia iho - Simone Martini. ʻeleʻele, ua lilo ka hale waihona waiwai i mai 1911 hale kūʻai i ka huina hoonui i loko o kona pā.

Nā puke i haku ai

Ka loa kaulana pena e Simone Martini - "Maesta". ʻO ia paha ka mua nui hana o ka mea nāna i hana. Ke noiʻi manaʻo Ua hana ia keia masterpiece ma lalo o ka aoao o Duccio. I ka manaʻoe kūkulu i kekahi mea kūlike loa kāna moʻolelo i ole e loaʻa i loko o Duccio hiki. Iwaena o lakou, e hoʻololi i'ōniʻoniʻo, a me nā kinona laina.

He waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ke alo i loko o ke ao nei ohi o ka pena ma Simone Martini, "Makuahine o Laura." Kēia hana i ua laʻa i nā Artists Petrarch, ka mea i kauoha i ke kiʻi o kona aloha.

Nui hiki e aku la no keia artist. ʻike hoʻokumu Simone Martini ināʻaʻole iʻikeʻia a hiki i ka hopena, i kekahi manawa, ua koho koke, aka, koe extraordinarily vivid a me ka hoihoi 'no ka ipo o Italian nō. Ke artist Ua i ka nunui "haawina" o ka honua moʻomeheu, a ua hoopaa iho la o kana mau hana i nā hiʻona i hoopuni i moakāka masterpieces Martini.