Transmissive pololei o ka EYI

Loa maʻi mai i ka pono e hiki mai, a me ka pū i hiki mai ke kumu a hiki i ke ola i ke kanaka. E paipai oe familiarize ia oe iho me ka EYI o nā mea palahēhē, e like me ka ike i oi au mamuli me ka maʻi lele-hanau maʻi. He oi loa oiaio o ke kai mehana mahina i.

Ano o ka maʻiʻaʻai EYI

Ka maʻiʻaʻai hiki ke pū i hiki i kānaka i loko o nā kēiaʻaoʻao:

1. Alimentary. EYI alanui - ka digestive nenoaiu. Maʻiʻaʻai i ke kino me ka ai a me ka wai i loaʻa ka pathogens (e laʻa me, intestinal nā mea palahēhē, ka hī koko, salmonellosis, cholera).
2. Airborne. EYI alanui - ke ana ea a me ka lepo i loaʻa i ka pathogen.
3. Pin. EYI alanui - i ke kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai a maʻi (no ka laʻana, he maʻi kanaka). Ka hui 'ana i ke mailoko o ia e nā kiʻie like hoʻi me ka leo-ko ka hale ona, i mea ma ka like ana me ua hoʻohaumiaʻia hale' ikamu (e laʻa me, kawele a me kona mau kīʻaha).
4. ke koko:

• Vertical, oiai i ka makuahine o ka maʻi hele ma ke keiki a hiki i ka bebe;
• transmissive pololei o EYI o ka maʻi - ka maʻiʻaʻai ma ke koko hoʻohana ola vectors (nā mea kolo);
• transfusion ka wā maʻiʻaʻai ia lŘlŘ ma insufficiently hana hana i loko o ka kahua niho oihana, likeʻole ola kulanui (Ho 'Oponopono, keʻena hoʻokolohua, a no laila, ma), ka maikai a me ka lauoho salons.

Transmissive pololei o ka EYI

Transmissive pololei o ka EYI - Ua noho iho mailoko o ke koko i loaʻa ka infectious Luna i loko o ke koko o ke ola i ke kanaka. He hana ola vectors. Transmissive ala komo ai i ka EYI o pathogens Via koko-keikihipa omo nā mea kolo.

• 'ana me ka insect akiaki oukou;
• ma hope o trituration me ka ili poho (e laʻa me, scratches) i pepehiʻia e insect vectors.

Me ka pono lapaʻau o transmissible mai ke alakai i ka make.

EYI epekema a me ka Mea Maluna vectors transmissible maʻi

Transmissible maʻi alanui ia lŘlŘ ma ka kēiaʻaoʻao:

1. Inoculation - ola kanaka e iho mailoko o ka wā e nahu mai ka insect ma kona mouthparts. Oia ka hoolilo, e hana hou ma mua o hookahi ina o ka lawe 'aʻole e make (no ka laʻana, e like me ka hohola malaria).
2. Mea hoʻohaumia - he kanaka i iho mailoko o ia e anaanai i ka insect feces ma ka nahu wahi. Maʻiʻaʻai hiki ke hai i na manawa he nui a hiki i ka make transporter (Laʻana maʻi - typhus).
3. I Kekahi Mau mea hoʻohaumia - mea hoʻohaumia o ke ola i ke kanaka ia lŘlŘ oiai e anaanai i ka insect i poino ili (e like, ka wā e loaʻa he kūikawā a me kaʻeha). Aoaao ia lŘlŘ wale kekahi manawa, me ka lawe make (Laʻana maʻi - relapsing kuni).

Nā moku halihali mokulele, ma ka huli, e māheleʻia i loko o ka kēia mau 'ano:

• Manaʻoi, i loko o ke kino a i paku ole ia i ke ana o pathogens, a i kekahi mau ola kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.
• Mechanical, i loko o kona kino i nā pathogens i ole e ulu ai, akā, wale loaa no manawa.

Ano o ka maʻi i i ho'īli transmissible ano

Loaʻaʻia maʻiʻaʻai a me ka mai ahulau, a mailoko o nā mea kolo a me ke kōkua o ke:

• relapsing wela;
• anthrax;
• tularemia;
• ino;
• encephalitis;
• kanaka immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi;
• Chagas maʻi, a American trypanosomiasis;
• yellow wela (he mea hoʻomaʻi maʻi o na koaʻe ke);
• acee? iuo oeiia o ka mai kuni;
• Crimean-Kongo hemorrhagic kuni (kiʻekiʻe pakeneka o ka make - mai ka umi a hiki i kanaha pakeneka);
• Dengue wela (typical no na koaʻe ke);
• lymphatic filariasis (ano no na koaʻe ke);
• muliwai makapo, a me onchocerciasis, a ua nui no hoi na maʻi.

Aia nō ma kahi o elua haneri ano o ka maʻi i pū i hiki ma ka transmissible.

I Kekahi Mau vectors transmissible maʻi

Mākou haiia ae maluna, ua loaʻa nō nāʻano o nā moku halihali mokulele. E hoomanao i ka poe ma kona mau meaola i pathogens hoonui a me ka ulu ana kalapona.

Mechanical nā moku halihali mokulele o transmissible nā mea palahēhē

Mau nā mea kolo hoʻolele i ka pathogen i loko o ke ano i loko i ka mea i loaa.

Aoaao o na kanaka immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi

Ka helu o infecting huahelu no mililika me ke koko o HIV-iho mailoko o - i ka ekolu tausani. He ekolu haneri manawa hou ma mua i loko o ka seminal loli. kanaka immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi ua palahalaha ae ma ka kēiaʻaoʻao:

• nā kiʻie;
• mai i ka hapai a keikiʻai makuwahine i ke keiki;
• ma ke koko (injecting, ma ka transfusion o iho mailoko o ke koko a me transplantation o nā'aʻaʻa a me nā loko, mai ka HIV-iho mailoko o);

Transmissible ala hele o HIV EYI meaʻaneʻane hikiʻole.

Kāohiʻana o transmissible nā mea palahēhē

Kāohi ana, e pale aku i ka EYI o ka maʻi lele-hānau nā mea palahēhē:

• disinfestation, oa rodent;
• disinfestation, oa i ka lākou o ana no ka luku ana o nā moku halihali mokulele;
• he lākou o nā kaʻina hana, e hoʻoikaika 'i ke ola kahi (no ka laʻana, aina reclamation);
• i ke ano o ke kanaka a me ka like paha o ka palekana i ka makika (e laʻa me, wristbands impregnated me ka nui mea kāhinu, insect repellents, paipu, mosquito upena);
• immunization hana;
• kau i ka poe mai, a mailoko o loko o ka quarantine ciia.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE Pahuhopu o kāohi ana mea e emi i ka helu o ka hiki vectors. Wale keia e emi i ka manawa o ka aoao hana maʻi e like me relapsing kuni vshiny, transmissible anthroponoses, kuni, a me ka leishmaniasis cutaneous phlebotomine kulanakauhale.

I ka nui o ka mālama 'ana i ka hana hilinaʻi ma ka helu o iho mailoko o, maopopo maʻiʻaʻai. Penei, ka mea hiki ke lawe mai i loko:

• alanui;
• wahi;
• kulanakauhale;
• wahi, a me ka mea e like.

kāohi ana i ka pomaikai hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka thoroughness o ka hana, a me ka nui o ka nana o ka maʻiʻaʻai pulakaumaka. Mākou makemake e maikai ola!