Tricuspid regurgitation o 1 ka papahelu - He aha ka mea a ka mea i ka iapaau ana?

Tricuspid regurgitation - o kekahi ano o ka naau mai, ma a he mea ka hoi ana o ke koko iloko o systole nou ana mai o ka ventricle'ākau i loko o ka lua o ka atrium akau. Ke kumu no keia o ka tricuspid (tricuspid) kiwikā o, oa. E. kāpili panina o kona puka lau. Tricuspid kiwikā regurgitation ua lilo paha congenital.

Kumu o ka makahiki

Ka hua'ōlelo "regurgitation" hele mai ana, mai ka Roma gurgitare - "kaiakahinalii" - a me ka pākuʻina kau re-, hoike ana i ke ku pono ana i keia, 'o ia hoʻi, e komo ai na e ku pono ana ma amau o ka maʻamau pele ... Ma keia hihia - ka backflow o ke koko.

Kumu o congenital tricuspid regurgitation

Ka loa, he pono ole kumu o congenital anomalies i:

• hypoplasia kiwikā leaflets;
• 'āno'ē? acaeoey (helu) o ka nohona kiwikā leaflets;
• dysplasia o connective'aʻaʻa;
• Ehlers-Danlos maʻi pale;
• Marfan maʻi pale;
• Ebstein ka anomaly.

Tricuspid regurgitation i loko o ka fetus ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ka loa pohihihi keia, ka mea, ua ana hui me nā naʻau mā. Kēia kiwikā 'ole paha e' ana o ka mitral-aortic-tricuspid kina.

Kumu o ka lilo tricuspid regurgitation

Tricuspid kiwikā regurgitation lilo nui aku, he pono ole ma mua o congenital. He ka iniiaiie a me ka haumāna. Ke iniiaiie kumu o keia maʻi nā rumatika, 'ino, carcinoid maʻi pale.

1. Rheumatic wela - o ka loa e like me ka kumu o keia maʻi. I ka 20% o ka hoopii, oia hoi recurrent rheumatic endocarditis hiki aku ai i ka deformation (ai hanaʻia naʻe, a hua'ōlelo) o ka nohona kiwikā puapua i loko o ka like a me ka loli tendon pae. Loa pinepine keia maʻi ua pili stenosis o ka akau atrioventricular puka. Keia hui malu pu ana ua kapaia ka hui tricuspid kina.
2. Rupture o papillary Muscle hiki no hoi e alakai i ka tricuspid regurgitation. Mau wahi i wāhiʻia ana i loko o myocardial infarctions, a hiki i ka traumatic kumu.
3. Carcinoid maʻi pale hiki no hoi e alakai i kēia maʻi. Ua lŘlŘ i loko o kekahi mauʻano o ka maʻi 'aʻai, e like me Ka maʻi' aʻai o ka mea uuku naʻau liʻiliʻi, ovary, a akemāmā.
4. Komo paakiki ai 'pinepineʻo e infective endocarditis, a me ka ia, ma ka huli, e i tricuspid regurgitation.

Kumu o ka haumāna tricuspid insufficiency kēia mau maʻi i loa pinepine:

• dilation o ka annulus fibrosus, i kupu ana ma dilated cardiomyopathy;
• kiʻekiʻe degere o pulmonary hypertension;
• i ka nawaliwali o ka ventricle akau, a ua loaʻa i loko o laila,-kapaia pulmonary naau;
• maʻi naʻau ole;
• myocarditis;
• myocardiodystrophy.

Symptoms i na keiki

Congenital tricuspid regurgitation i na kamalii uuku ma ka 25% o ka hoopii, hoike mai ai ia me supraventricular tachycardia a atrial fibrillation, i hope hōʻike loa naʻau ole.

Ma mua na keiki, a hiki ma palena iki haawe i Konakele. Pokole o ka hanu a me ka palpitations. Ke keiki ke ohumu o kaʻeha i loko o ka naʻau. Hiki e malama dyspeptic kāna hana (nausea, ka luaʻi, flatulence), a me ka eha, a me ka manao o ka naau ma ka hypochondrium akau. Inā he mea congestion i loko o ka systemic holo, alaila, uaʻike ākea edema, ascites, hydrothorax paha hepatomegaly. A pau keia mea he mea nui ke ano.

Symptoms o ka maʻi i loko o nā mākua

Inā ka pathology ua loaʻa hope i loko o ke ola, i ka loiloi mua kahua o kekahi kanaka ma luna o ka mea e hiki ole i hāʻupu aʻe. Hōʻemi iki tricuspid regurgitation ia lŘlŘ wale nō i loko o kekahi nā mea maʻi, throbbing'ā'ī aa koko. Other symptoms o ka hoʻomanawanui i ole kaulana. Tricuspid kiwikā regurgitation o 1 ka papahelu hiki 'aʻole i hoike ia. Nō kāu, ua loaʻa i kēia pathology wale iloko o ka aʻe 'inikua ninaninau. Hoomanawanui kŰlń ao echocardiography, kahi e ua 'akomi i tricuspid regurgitation 1 loa. He aha ka mea -, ua loaa mai ma hope o ka hoao wale. Oia nā mea maʻi i ana i ka palapala ma ka cardiologist a me ka poe kiai.

I oi loa ole o ka nohona kiwikā he mea he nui nani o ka jugular aa koko. Ma keia hihia, ina o ka pono a hiki i ka jugular aa koko e e ka lima, e hiki ke haha aku i ka Haalulu iho. I loa hoopii, ke pathology i nā hualoaʻa ma ka akau ventricular dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, a me ka naʻau o ka hoʻokō 'ole hiki i.

lapaʻau '

ʻike, "tricuspid regurgitation 1 ka papahelu" 'ole kekahi' ē aʻe hiki wale ke i ma hope o ka hoʻokolokolo pono ninaninau o ka hoʻomanawanui. E hana i kēia, e hele ma ke kēia kaʻina hana:

• .. Helu ninaninau iaoia, oa auscultation me ka stethoscope nanahe a me ka naau ohumu mai ai me;
• Echocardiography (echocardiography) - he cardiac ultrasound, a e hōʻike ana ooieoeiiaeuiiai a me morphological kūlana o ka naau Muscle a me ka nohona kiwikā;
• ECG, ma ka i 'oe ke' ike i nā hōʻailona o ka hoonee aku i ka pono a me ka atrium ventricle o ka naau;
• umauma m-Ray - wā ike mai la laua, a mahuahua nui i ke ao akau ventricular Ana, i kekahi ke ike i na hoailona o ka pulmonary hypertension a me ka deformation o mitral a me ka aortic kiwikā;
• paka biochemical koko;
• piha koko helu;
• cardiac catheterization - keia hope invasive kaʻina hana hoʻohana no kaʻike, o cardiac pathologies a me ka lapaau.

Mea Maluna

We ike i ka tricuspid kiwikā regurgitation etiology paha e congenital a loaa, iniiaiie (aloha) ole kiʻekiʻe (iaea ooieoeiiaeuiiai). Ke aloha insufficiency hōʻike deformation valvular: ai hanaʻia naʻe, a wrinkling o ka nohona kiwikā leaflets a calcification. Iaea ooieoeiiaeuiiai hoʻopilikia ua hoikea mai oia, i ka wa o ka nohona kiwikā dysfunction, kena ae la ia e nā maʻi, hoikeia mai rupture o papillary Muscle a tendon chords a me ka 'aʻe' anulus.

loa o ka maʻi

Hoomaopopo 4 degere o ka maʻi, a i wehewehe aku ma ka lōʻihi koko ninini ke hoʻololiʻikena mokulele hēkī i loko o ka lua o ka atrium akau.

Tricuspid regurgitation o 1 ka papahelu - He aha ka mea? Ma keia hihia, ke hoʻi upena koko mea mailuilu haalele, a aneane paa. Ma keia hihia, i ka hoʻomanawanui i mea mea e ole ka hoohewa ana. Ka lapaʻau kiʻi ua nalowale.

A hiki i kaʻike, o "degere o tricuspid regurgitation 2" aʻe mokulele hēkī ninini koko ia lŘlŘ i loko o 2 knm o ka nohona kiwikā pā. Ke Kalinika ma keia kahua o ka maʻi i kokoke ma kahi'ē, ka mea hiki ke poorly kaheaia pulsation jugular aa koko.

Regurgitation tricuspid kiwikā 3 Ua nānā 'ia ma ke degere o ka mea nana e hoole papa regurgitation o ke koko no ka oi ma mua o 2 knm mai ka tricuspid kiwikā. Hoʻomanawanui iki mai ripple'ā'ī aa koko ole i haha aku palpitations, nawaliwali, a me ka luhi, a hiki i ka hōʻemi iki pokole o ka hanu kānāwai me ka haʻahaʻa physical haʻawina.

I ka maʻi ua wehewehe aku ma ka loa papa 4 mokulele hēkī aʻe koko, e hoolei ana i ka mamao loa mai ka nohona kiwikā i loko o ka lua o ka atrium akau. Ma hanahana loa ka hoʻomanawanui ka symptoms o ka loa naʻau 'ole a me ka pulmonary hypertension hiki e malama (pulmonary a tricuspid regurgitation). Ma kēia hihia, na symptoms helu luna, hui ma ka 'ē aʻe. ʻo ia, ka mea ma lalo lala edema, e manao ana pulsation haʻalele sternum, a maoli he ka inspiratory, hoʻopōʻino naʻau kani, anuʻaoʻao, E hoomahuahua auanei akepaa, ascites (loli hoʻomāhuahua i loko o ka abdominal lua), abdominalʻeha, a no rheumatic ano o keia maʻi hiki e malama aortic ole mitral.

lapaʻau

Lapaʻau koho hilinaʻi ma ka oolea o ka maʻi, e like me ka pono me ka paha ka mea ua pu ma nā naʻau mā a me nā abnormalities paha ole. A hiki aku i kaʻike, "tricuspid kiwikā regurgitation 1 ka papahelu" lapaʻau mea nui i kauoha. Oia ke ano kauka i manaoia like me ka maʻamau Lolina. Inā tricuspid regurgitation o 1 ka papahelu hālāwai hoʻolohe i kekahi mai, e like me akemāmā maʻi, ka rumatika a infective endocarditis, ka mea, e ia i ka Inc o ka maʻi provocateur. Inā pakele o ka nń ku mai, a pani i hou deformation o ka tricuspid kiwikā. No laila, tricuspid regurgitation 1 ka papahelu - He aha ka mea a pehea e hana ia, e ka manawa maopopo. Noonoo aʻe ke kahua o ka maʻi.

Tricuspid kiwikā regurgitation papa 2 pinepine 'aʻole i koi lapaau. Inā ka pathology ua pili i nā malformations, a cardiac maʻi e like me congestive naʻau e hemahema, e mea pono i ka pono me ka makeʻe kulana ki ina hana like. No keia mea, e hoʻohana diuretics e ho'ēmi i nani a me ka hoomakaukau ana, ko iala i ka pahee nāʻiʻo o na moku koko (vasodilators). Other ana tricuspid regurgitation papa 2 mea i koi 'ia.

Iapaau ana o ka papa 3 a me 4 ua i kuhikuhi i ka hoʻopau o ka maʻi, regurgitation kena ae la. Inā ka mea, aole e hana,ʻoki kino ua hōʻike. A pau keia ea mea ua hoakaka kiwikā puapua, kā lākou annuloplasty (apo podshivanie'ōlewa aʻoʻoleʻa kekahi paha ia o ka nohona kiwikā suture ke komo lima ma ka suturing) a prosthesis.

mitral regurgitation

I ka hoʻokō 'ole' ana o ka mitral kiwikā, i ka wa a kona puapua e hoopili paa i lawa, aohe mea nana e hoole i ka pele o ke koko mai ka ventricle hema i loko o ka atrium hema iloko o systole. Keia ano ua kapaia mitral regurgitation a mitral kiwikā prolapse. Kēia pathology like tricuspid regurgitation paha e kekahi congenital a loaa. Kumu a me kaʻike, ma kaʻike, o "mitral" a me ka "tricuspid regurgitation" Ua hoi like. Loa, kau i ka oolea o ka maʻi, wale 4, e hilinai ma ka nui o ke koko ka mea nana e hooleʻikena.

• 1 ka papahelu - hōʻemi iki mitral regurgitation;
• 2 degere - lōpū mitral regurgitation;
• 3 ka papahelu - kaheaia nui mitral regurgitation;
• 4 degere - loa mitral regurgitation pinepine ia lŘlŘ morbidity.

Mailuilu haalele mitral, tricuspid regurgitation 1 ka papahelu e kauoha ana i Pahuhopu hoopii o ka hoomanawanui,ʻaʻohe iapaau ana ua koi 'ia. Pākōlea lapaʻau ua lawe mai i loko o huikau maʻi, e laʻa me, naau pāpana haunaele a me pulmonary hypertension. ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau 'uao ua hōʻike ma ka loa a me ka wi mitral insufficiency, i loko o kēia mau hihia e ka ea a prosthetic kiwikā.

I ka hoʻohuiʻia o ka mitral a me ka tricuspid insufficiency

Pinepine i ka mitral a me ka tricuspid regurgitation e diagnosed i loko o kekahi hoomanawanui i ka ia manawa. Cardiologist ma hope o ka piha ninaninau a me Ka Ikepili o nā hualoaʻa, e lawe i ka hoʻoholo 'ana ma luna o nā nā kaʻa mokulele o ka lapaau ana o ka hoʻomanawanui. Inā ka ole o ka nohona kiwikā ikiʻia maila i ole iapaau ana ua koi 'ia akā, pono e ma ke kamepiula ike e ka cardiologist, a me kekahi, i ka mea e pono ai examinations.

Inā kau e kauoha ana i ka holo pono o ka nohona kiwikā o, ka mea e e hāʻawi pākōlea lapaʻau pahuna ma ke kāpaeʻana provocateur maʻi. I ka wa e kaawale aku o maikaʻiʻano o ka lapaʻau ua hōʻike regurgitation surgically. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO kēia mea i loko o na hiohiona a me ka loa mai.

Nā mea maʻi i akaaka maluʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaʻau o ka nohona kiwikā insufficiency, ana i kauoha mai ai ma ka loaa ana o kaʻauhau'ēʻaʻe anticoagulants.

Outlook

Secondary regurgitation ua noʻonoʻo i ka loa prognostically noho lakou malaila. I ka make ana o nā mea maʻi i loko o keia hihia ana ia lŘlŘ mai myocardial infarction, mahuahua naau e hemahema, pneumonia a pulmonary embolism.

Wahi a ka 'ikepili helu, ma hope oʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaʻau o ka naau kiwikā insufficiency hoʻomanawanui ola i ka 5 makahiki, a oi aku mamua o 65% ma hope o ka prosthesis a me ka 70% ma hope o annuloplasty.

Maikaʻi prognosis ma kaʻike, "tricuspid regurgitation o 1 loa." He aha ia mea, e hoomanawanui i pele loaʻa mai wale ma kāohi examinations. I ka hoʻokō 'ole' He nīnūnē kauoha hoʻoweliweli 'e ola nei,ʻaʻole no ka naau kiwikā.

ka hopena

Kāohiʻana o ka mitral a me ka tricuspid insufficiency o ka Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi i hoonaukiuki ole o ka nohona kiwikā. Oia, lapaau o ka rumatika, a me na maʻi ma o na la poino i ka puu wai kiwikā.