Brownian ka noi: he hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo.

Ma nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao kakahiaka nui o? Acaeoey o ka pähola 'ana o colloidal nenoai, ka mea i manaʻo i hakakino kinetic waiwai kū hoʻokahi i ka oiaio pāʻoihana. Lōʻihi-ʻia haʻawina i hana mai ai ia mau waiwai i hoʻomaopop 'a me ka colloidal pāʻoihana. Ua ua loaʻa i waena o lākou i qualitative oko ao, a ma laila nō wale laupaʻi, i hilinaiʻano nui ma ka nui a me ke kinona o ka colloid (particles) (micelles). No laila, i ka weheʻana o ka Brownian noi i loko o keia ano ua o nui.

No ka mea manawa mua (ma 1827), i? Anoee ma ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia botanist Robert Brown Brownian noi. Nānā i ka ultramicroscope no pollen mea kanu, ke wehe 'ia i loko o ke kulu o ka wai, ke nä känaka' epekema loaʻa i microscopic (particles) o ka pollen irregularly (randomly) a noke nee aku no ia. Brownian ka noi - he hokai, chaotic paha zigzag noi o microparticles. Ua hookupaa lehulehu haʻawina i ka huikau ka neʻeʻana o nā lātoma ua kena ae la e huna nui, a me ka mahana (viscosity) o ka lakou hoopuehu meakino. Ma keia hihia, ke ano o ka waiwai iʻaneʻane ole ia ma luna o lākou ana.

Brownian ka noi a me ke kālā no hakakino-kinetic pähola 'ana o ke kinowai

Frankel? Aaeaaaaony i ka pohupani hale o kekahi lātoma rearrangement kokoke, kela mea keia mea o ka i mālama, e noho ma kona palapala kulana, i mea ka loa mea eʻoi aʻe ma ka hua'ōlelo o ka ikehu.

E like me ka hopena, abrupt a me ke ana ana o ka pakiko-maholahune kaʻina o nā lātoma ia lŘlŘ. Mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ke kinowai microparticles (lakou hoopuehu pae) hana i ka neʻeʻana o ka hola o ka ia me ka mea'ūheheʻe lātoma (lakou hoopuehu meakino). Aie i ka mea ana chaotic noi ka mea, neʻe aku 'Imi, a mai noho i loko o kekahi wahi.

Brownian ka noi o (particles) a me colloids, Wehe 'ia mai ma muli o aicieeaao i thermal noi o ka meakino a puni i nā (particles) a me kā lākou chaotic kui iho oe a o keia lātoma. E like me ka hopena o ia mau ho'āhewa wale microparticles randomly neʻe ma ka makahiki (lūlū aku iā meakino). Mau hana nō i ka hopena o ka hawewe hana no i kekahi manawa o ke ao (kekahi lua o ka hana i ho'ākāka 'lātoma hiki undergo mai i ka 1020 hahau ana). Ua haawiia i ka mea i ka poe uuku a nui o ka lātoma e Oko a ka mńlamalama o punches mai okoa pana pua, ka mea, e hele ana ma kekahiʻaoʻao. Me ke anawaena o ka oi ma mua o elima micrometres o microparticles Brownian noi ua kokoke i ka malamaia. Mahuahua i ka nui a me ka hakakino ke kaupaonaʻana o ko lākou mau absorbs kŰia. Nolaila, (particles) me ke kiʻekiʻe hakakino kaumaha (i ka elima micrometers) hana wale rotational kamakawiwoʻole.

Brownian ka noi a me ka maholahune

E like me ka hopena o ka Brownian a me ka thermal noi o nā lātoma ia ia lŘlŘ hoʻopololei lehulehu ma ka buke o ka pāʻoihana. Maholahune ke lawe wahi i loko o colloidal a me maoli nō pāʻoihana.

Ke osmotic puʻe ua kena ae la ma ke alo o micelles. Aie i ka nui nui o na nā lātoma a me kā lākou nīnūnē puʻe loa haʻahaʻa nā hoʻohui like. O ka holo ana, i ka puʻe i loko o ka hapa o ka analyte colloidal pāʻoihana pili kēia hilinaʻi ma luna o ke alo o impurities o like electrolytes. Penei, macromolecular pāʻoihana - polysaccharides, laholio, kumuʻiʻo - ma 10-12 pakeneka lehulehu i ka nui osmotic puʻe. Mahalo i ka mea kūikawā maalea (osmometry) Ua paa osmotic puʻe o ke koko wai koko, i mea ma luna o kaʻawelike ma kahi o 25 mm o Hg. Ua Ua hooiaioia, i ka'aloʻahiʻa mea pololei hapaʻauhau i ka lehulehu o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe 'ona i loko o colloidal a oiaio pāʻoihana.