Distemper ma Rusia ma ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia: mea, lalau mai, kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao, ka hopena

Nā pilikia e hoomaka ana mai o ka XVII kenekulia, na preconditions, na anuu, a e e ana no hope - o ka mōʻaukala wā, pu ma maoli au i na ino, ka hohonu kaiapili-yeiiiie? Aneiai a me ka lehulehu-mau crises. Ka paakiki kulana home 'ole ma o ka aina i ano hoomainoino a me ka Polish-Kuekene' uao.

Nā pilikia o ka 17th kenekulia i loko o Rusia: 'ehaʻeha ka

Crises i, ua kena ae la ma ka helu o nā kumumea. Nā pilikia mua ana, e like me ka moʻolelo, no ka mea, o ka hoopau ana o ka Rurik i nohoaliʻi ai , a me ka paio ma waena o ka mana aliʻi, a me nā boyars. Recent, uaʻaʻaka mai e malama a me ka hoʻoikaika i ke keiki pili aupuni, a augmenting ka kuʻuna pomaikai. Kingship, ma ka mea ku ole, ho'āʻo e kali i kēia mau mana. Boyars, ma ka hou, e kala aku ia oe i Zemstvo. Ke kūlana o keia ano ua loiloi 'ia e na mea he nui noiʻi negatively. Moʻolelo kuhikuhi mai i na koi ana o ka naita huli i loko o ka pololei paio e ku ei ka tsarist aupuni. Kā lākou hana malu Ua loa hopena maikaʻi 'ole ma ke kulana o ka mō'ī. I ka mea i hana momona lepo ma luna a ma laila ua discord ma Rusia. I ka hoʻomaka o ka XVII kenekulia i wehewehe aku wale mai ka aneiai wahi o ka Hawaii. Moʻolelo ma ka aina ua loa paʻakikī. A laila a hiki i kēia hoʻoponopono ulia ua hui kālai'āina a me ka pilina pilikia.

Ka-yeiiiie?

Distemper ma Rusia i ka hoʻomaka o ka 17th kenekulia coincided me ka paipai aʻo kai eʻe o ka naʻi aupuni o Grozny a me ka Livonian War. Kēia nā hana i koi 'ia ma ka hoʻomāhuahua ai koa o ka nui stress. An loa hopena maikaʻi 'ole ma o ka-yeiiiie? O ka lukuia, ma Veliky Novgorod, a me ka hoʻoikaika pohupani hale o ana kanaka. Pela au, hoomaka ae la ke ano pilikia i loko o Rusia. Ka hoʻomaka o ka 17th kenekulia hoailono aku la no hoi ia e he ākea ka pololi. I 1601-1603 hōkaiʻia nā tausani o ka poe liilii, a me ka nui aina.

pōʻai tensions

Distemper ma Rusia ma ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia i wahie rejection o ka? Ueony mea nā paʻi hua o kanaka mahuka kauwa, Hune townspeople, policemen Cossacks a me Cossack-ku-okoa, he nui loa o servicemen. Hoʻolauna oprichnina, e like me kekahi noiʻi, me ka nui loa ke olonā wāwae o ka mahalo a me ka hilinai ana o na kanaka no ka kānāwai a me ka mana.

Ka mua hanana

Like Smoot hoomaka ae la e hoʻomōhala i loko o Rusia? Ka hoʻomaka o 17th ke kenekulia, me ka pōkole, ua coincided me ka rearrangement o kaua i loko o ka rula ana koʻikoʻi a hanohano. Weliweli mua hooilina Fedor 'aʻole ole i ka pono hooponopono mākau. Ke keiki pokii i kana, Dmitri, ua i ia manawa nō i keiki. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o na hooilina o Rurik i nohoaliʻi aiʻoki pōkole. I ka mana a kokoke boyar ohana - Godunovs a me Yuriev. I ka 1598-ka m la oia i ka noho aliʻi o Boris Godunov. Ka manawa mai ka 1601 a hiki i 1603. Ua ua pa. Ke kūpaleʻana i ole ana, a hiki i ke kau a me ka Akuma ka, ma September, ka mea i snowing. Ka wehewehe ana wi koi e pili ana i ka hapalua o ka miliona kanaka. Hooweliweli kanaka hele i Moscow, ma ka mea, haawi mai ia i ka berena a me ke kālā. Akā, i kēia mau ana wale exacerbated ka waiwai pilikia. i ke konohiki, ua hiki e hanai i ka poe kauwa, a me na kino, a ua kipaku ia mai. Haʻalele me ka ai a me ka malu, kanaka i komo i loko o looting a me ka powa.

Lzhedmitry mua

Distemper ma Rusia ma ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia coincided me ka laha ana o ka lono i ka Tsarevich Dmitry ola. Ua ukali ia Boris Godunov ma luna o ka noho aliʻi ua illegally. Pretender Dmitrii kūkala i kona mau kêia kanaka o Adamu Wiśniowiecki, Lituania luna. Ma hope iho o ia, a huiʻo ia me Ezhi Mnishekom, Polish magnate a me Ragon, i ka papal nuncio. I ka hoʻomaka o ka 1604 Lzhedmitry 1 loaa i loko o ka pepeiao me ka Moi o Poland. Kekahi manawa ma hope i ka hoʻopunipuni a hiki i Catholicism. Falsdmitry kuleana i ua ike e King Sigismund. Monarch ae a pau e i kōkua i ka Russian Tsar.

Ke komo i Moscow

Wahahee Dmitry komo i ke kulanakauhale i ka 1605, i ka makahiki o ka 20th o Iune. Boyars, alakaʻiʻia Belsky akea hooiaio i kona Aliʻi o Moscow, a me ka ka maʻamau hooilina. I loko nō o kona noho alii ana, i alakaʻi wahaheʻe Dmitry e Poland, a ho'āʻo e lawe mai i kekahi nā mea hoʻololi. Naʻe,ʻaʻole i nā kaukaualiʻi a pau, e ike i ka legitimacy o kona noho aliʻiʻana. Kokoke koke ma hope o ka hiki ana mai o ka mea wahaheʻe Dmitry, hoomaka ae la Shuya e hohola aku na lono e pili ana i kona impersonation. I ka 1606, ma ka waena o Mei, i ka kue o na boyars i pomaikai o na hana o ka heluna kanaka e ku ei ka Polish adventurers, ka mea i hele mai i Moscow no ka ahaaina mare Falsdmitry, kipi. I loko nō o kona hoʻopunipuniʻo ia i make. I ka hiki ana i ka mana o Shuya, no ko ka Suzdal lala o ka Rurik, a malie iho la i loko o ke aupuni i ole lawe mai. Ma hema wawahi kipi Bolotnikov, a haawi aku i ka neʻeʻana "powa." Events 1606-1607 biennium. wehewehe RG Skrynnikov. "Rusia ma ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia Smoot." - he puke ia āna i hana ai ma luna o ke kumu o ka nui nui o Documentary mea.

Wahahee Dmitry II

Aka hoi, o ka aina no na lono e pili ana i ka mea kupaianaha loa hoʻopakeleʻana o ka mea kupono alii. I ka 1607, ma ke kau wela, Starodub, he hou pretender. Distemper ma Rusia ma ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia hoomauia. Ma ka pau ana o ka 1608 Lzhedmitry 2 ua i ka laha ana o ka aoao i loko o Yaroslavl, Pereslavl-Zaleski, Vologda, Galich, Uglich, Kostroma, Vladimir. Pretender i noho ai i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Tushino. Capital koe ma ka pono a hiki i Kazan, Novgorod, Smolensk, Kolomna, Novgorod Pereyaslavl-Ryazan.

Semiboyarshina

Kekahi o nā hanana kī i ia i ka pilikia i loko o Rusia ma ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia, lilo iho la he kipi. Shuya ua i loko o ka wehe 'ia ka mana. Ka hooponopono ana ka papa o ka aina ku ehiku boyars - Semiboyarshina. E like me ka Russian Tsar , ka mea ike Vsevolod, ka Polish Prince. I ka nui o na kulanakauhale he nui hoohiki Falsdmitry 2. Me lakou pu o ka poe i nei kū'ē i ka pretender. Ka oiaio hoʻoweliweli 'o ka wahaheʻe Dmitry II puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka ahalunakanawai i ka e na boyars ma Moscow ka Polish-Lituania hao wale. Ua Ua ea ae ka hana i ka mea makemake e hiki ke hookahuli ae i ke kanaka hoʻopunipuni. Eia naʻe, wahaheʻe Dmitry a ua kauohaia ia e pili ana i ka mea a koke haʻalele i ke kahi hoʻomoana.

militia

Distemper ma Rusia ma ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia hoomauia. Ua hoomaka ka aupuni liberation neʻeʻana. Ua ka pilina i ke kahua o ka militias. Ka mua ke kauoha o ke alii o ka Lyapunov Ryazan. He Ua kākoʻoʻia nā kākoʻo o ka wahaheʻe Dmitry II. Me lakou pu o na luna Shakhovskoy, Troubetzkoy, Masalskaya, Cherkassy a me na mea e ae. Ma kaʻaoʻao o ka militias a me ia ua hoi Cossack-ku-okoa, o kona poo ua Ataman Zarutsky. Ka lua o ka neʻeʻana hoʻomaka 'ana ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o Kuzma Minin. He Ua kono me he alakaʻi Pozharsky. I ka 1612, i loko o ka luawai, ma Moscow e ia i ka mua militia hoʻohiki, laulea a hiki i ka wahaheʻe Dmitry kolu. Nā poʻe hao wale o Minin a me Pozharsky ua hikiʻole, e'ōlelo aku i loko o ke kapikala, oiai kākoʻo paʻa noho lanakila malaila hoʻopunipuni. Ma keia manao, ka mea, i kā lākou i hoʻomoana ai Yaroslavl. I ka hopena o Augate, i ka militia hele mai i Moscow. Ma ka moʻo o kaua aku la ia i hookuu ia ai ka Kremlin, ka Polish ka pā kaua? Iaeoe? Ia capitulated. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua wae mai he hou alii. Ka mea, lilo Mikhail Fedorovich.

waiwai

Hoʻohālikelike pilikia ma Rusia ma ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia no kona luku mana a me ka hohonu o ka ulia i loko o ke aupuni, e hiki paha wale nō me ka moku'āina o ke aupuni i loko o ka wā o ka Mongol kaua. He weliweli manawa i loko o ke ola ana o ka moku'āina i pau ai i ka nunui ia kenekoa ka pōʻino, waiwai hoole mai oia. Smoot nui i kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia, a koi olalo i ola. Ua Ua luku na kulanakauhale he nui, arable aina a me nā kauhale. Ke kanaka mea no muli o kona kulana he lōʻihi manawa e hoola i mua pae. Na kulanakauhale he nui i hala i loko o ka lima o ka enemi, a noho i loko o kā lākou mau lima he mau oi makahiki. Ālai 'emi i ka wahi o ka mahi aina.