I ka moolelo o ka ulu ana o informatics like me ka 'epekema

Kamepiula - keia mea kekahi o ka muli loa sciences. Ua Pilikanaka ka waiwai a me nā lauana o ka 'ike, ki ina hana o kona hoʻohana i kanaka ola.

Ua hoʻomaka ka moʻolelo o ka hooulu ana o ke kamepiula 'epekema, mai ka mua lolouila kamepiula' ē aʻe i loko o ka hopena o 40 mau - i kakahiaka nui 50-ies o XX kenekulia. Ka mea, ua ka mua kamepiula, e hana ma ka holo paipu. discrete semiconductors kamepiula 'ē aʻe i invented kokoke i ka 60-la makahiki. A i loko o ka hapalua like 60s ua he kaʻa i hoʻolako pono me IC? Inoaia.

Mōʻaukala o ka 'ike i nā' oihana? Acaeoey ua pili loa i pili i ka mea i ke kanaka i mau, ua hiki ole i ka hana luna 'makemakika hoʻomaulia i loko o kou naau' ole ma luna o ka pepa. Inquisitive manao o kanaka, imi ae la e automate Me keʻano o ka hanaʻana ma ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka mea helu, he kiʻiaka rula. A eia ka mea hope, i ka 1642, Pascal i hanaia eʻewalu-iki summingʻano papa hana. Ma hope o 2 kenekulia Sharl De Colmar e pono ia i ka pepa m'kini, a hua mai la i ka oi luna 'makemakika ana me multiplication a me ka puunaue. Helu mahina i malia ma keia hana mea hou i hana muaʻole.

Akā, i ka maoli mōʻaukala o ka hooulu ana o ka 'ike loea hou' ike hoʻomaka me ka hōʻike o ka manaʻo e hana i ke kumu o kēia kamepiula 'ē aʻe ma ka makahiki 1833, Pelekāne Charles Babbage. He hoʻohana mua kuʻina pepa, i ka lua i mālama ai i ke hoʻouna i ike. Ka mea, ua ka mua iaaiey kapuwai.

Mōʻaukala o ka 'ike i nā' oihana? Acaeoey hoomau iho la oia i ka 1888 me ka lunaʻenehana ma Amerika Germanom Holleritom, ka mea no ka mea kākau i ka mua helu ana mīkini electromechanical type. Ua Ua ua ho'āʻo i ka manawa o ka helu i ka 1890, a holoʻokoʻa i hele mai me ko lakou hopena, a i ka ho omaulia holo. Inā mua e hana i kēia dala o ka hana i koi 'ia 500? Aaiuo, i ili ma na kii no ehiku moekahi' makahiki, ka Hollerith, nana i haawi mai kela mea keia mea o ka 43 mau kōkua helu mīkini Makuakane me keia buke o ka hana i loko o ka mahina.

I ka moolelo o ka 'ike loea hou' ike? Acaeoey mahalo Hollerith a me ka mea āna i hoʻokumu i ka poe, a ma hope, ua ikeia me IBM a me keia mea he kanaka nunui global computerization. Kona aaiuo, pu me kānakaʻepekema, mai Harvard University i ka 1940 kūkulu o ka mua lolouila kamepiula, i kapaia "Mark 1". Kēia whopper he 35 na tona, a me nā kamepiula 'ē aʻe Client hana like' Amelika koa. Ka mīkini he pōpilikia ma ka aeaie nenoaiu. 300 hana o ka multiplication a me ka hou ana 5000 wale kekahi kekona ua hoʻopaʻaʻia. Akā, i ke kukui koke wawahi iho, a ua Wehewehe i nā hāʻina i ka pilikia ma ka Bardeen, Brattain a me Shockley - na inventors o ka mea uholo uila transistors.

Penei, ka mōʻaukala o ka hooulu ana o ke kamepiula 'epekema i hele mai i ka nui o ka'ano'ē ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka nui o nā kamepiula' ē aʻe, a ua nunui liʻiliʻi lākou aʻe hanauna. A ua māhuahua ka mämä holo a Me nona iho 10 manawa.

Next, ka mōʻaukala holoʻokoʻa o ka hooulu ana o ka 'epekema ma ka honua ua ua hoʻopili i ka miniaturization o kamepiula' ē aʻe. A me ka hana pono i loko o keia manao, mua 'Amelika poe Digital ia hoʻi, a laila, ke kauoha Intel. A hapalua like-70s o ka iwakalua kenekulia, eia pilikino kamepiula 'ē aʻe, a me ka manawa kaulana poe APPLE.

I ka moolelo o ka kamepiula? Acaeoey i loko o kā mākou aina hoʻomaka me ka uuku lolouila kamepiula (MSEM), hanaʻia 50 ana no kekona. Kona akamai i ka Sergey Aleksandrovich Lebedev. Ke alanui ka mea, ua i loko o mākou aina mea he kukū. A me kēia lā, ua hiki ole hoi i noonoo ai i ka hooko ana i ke ola me ka hoʻohana a kamepiula 'ē aʻe. A ina e nana aku i hope, i ka manawa i kekahi mea, hele loa i ka pihoihoi. Mai ka oaoieei-manaʻo mea hiki mamua o ka manawa. Pcs, laptops a me netbooks - he kūikawā hōʻailona o kaʻiʻo nō o kēia au hou.