Inductance: ka haʻilula. Ke ana o ka inductance. inductance loop

ʻO wai ka mea i ole? Anoee ke kālaikūlohea ma ke kula? No ka kekahi, ka mea, ua hana hoihoi a me ka maopopo, oiai kekahi poe ili ma luna o nā puke, ho'āʻo e hoʻopaʻanaʻau luna 'manaÿo. Akā, kela mea keia mea o mākou, e hoomanao i ke ao nei ua ka nānā 'ana ma luna o physical ike. I kēia lā, ua kamailio e pili ana i manaÿo e like me ka inductance o ka he loop inductance, a loaʻa mai mea mea na capacitors a me ia mea i ka solenoid.

Ka uila kaapuni a me ka inductance

Inductance lawelawe 'ana, e emi iho i kaʻume mākenēki waiwai o ka pou huakai kaapuni. Ua Ua hoakakaia like ke kaʻi lau waiwai o proportionality ma waena o ka pono a me ka uila he pele i loko o ka paʻaʻume mākenēki kaapuni. Kēia papa pele ua ua loaʻa ma ka loop ili honua. Kekahi ho'ākāka 'ana hākālia nō i ka inductance o ka huakai kaapuni a aiao, a hoʻoholo i ka pakiko-hoʻokomo EMF. Ke kau ua hoʻohana i ka hōʻike i ka huakai kaapuni hehee ai, a i ke ano o ka hoʻoponopono-hoʻokomo ai i i ua wehe a me D. Henry M. Faraday kū kaʻawale. Ke inductance pili me ka palapala, ka nui a me ka contour waiwai oʻume mākenēki permeability o ka puni kaiapuni. Ma Si huahelu, ua nui ua anaia mai ka manawa i loko o Henry, a ua denoted me L.

A ana i ka inductance o inductance

I kapaia o inductance waiwai, i mea o ka lākiō o kaʻume mākenēki koko e kahe ana ma nā mea a pau i ka coils i ke kaapuni amperage:

• L = N m F: I.

Ke inductance o ka huakai kaapuni mea e kaukaʻi ma ke kinona, ka nui a me ka contour o kaʻume mākenēki waiwai o ka meakino i loko o i ka mea, ua noho ai. Inā ka paa-loop uilaʻikena lua i pele, aia no he hoʻololiʻume mākenēki kahua. Kēia a laila e alakai i ka muli o ke EMF. I ka hanau ana o ka mea e poloʻai pule pono i loko o ka paʻa loop ua kapaia "ka hoʻoponopono-inductance". Mamuli o ke kauoha Lenz ka rula 'aʻole e hoʻololi i ka waiwai o ka mea pono ma ka huakai kaapuni. Inā ka inductance ua 'akomi i, e mea hiki ke pili ka uila kaapuni, ai ka mea pale mū holapū i komo i loko o laua, a me ka'ōwili hao me ka hao Kora naʻEsau. Kūpono me ia e pili ana a me ka pila kukui. Ma keia hihia, ke ole ia'ku o ka mea pale mū holapū mea like i ka DC 'ōwili hao. Ka hopena e e huali aa ana kona mau ipuʻaila. Ke kŰia o ka hoʻoponopono-hoʻokomo i kekahi o na kumu nui wahi ma ka uilaʻoe a me ka uila wilikî.

Pehea e loaʻa inductance

Ke haʻilula, i mea wale, e imi i ka mea nui, i ka i kēia:

• L = F: au,

kahi F -ʻume mākenēki koko, au - pono i loko o ka huakai kaapuni.

Ma ka inductor hiki ke olelo ia e like me ka hoʻoponopono-ʻonou EMF:

• Ei = -L m Di: dt.

Mai haʻilula hopena o ka laulā e hoʻokolokolo pono hoʻokomo electromotive koa i ia lŘlŘ ma ka loop ka wā o ka he mana ma luna o kekahi ammeter no kekahi lua.

Ka ee iaaanu aey inductanceʻo ia ka mea hiki, e imi i ka ikaika o kaʻume mākenēki kula:

• W = LI ^2: 2.

"Spool o ka pae"

Ke inductor mea he insulated keleawe uea eha ma ka paa manawa. Like no ka'īpale, laila, i ke koho ana o nā mea, he akea - keia kui a me ka uea'īpale, a me ka lole. I ka nui o kaʻume mākenēki koko hilinaʻi nui ma ka huinahalike paukūʻolokaʻa. Inā e hoomahuahua i ka pono i loko o ka'ōwili hao, ka meaʻume mākenēki ke kahua, e lilo hou a me ka Hope versa.

Inā e pili i ka uila kala pono i ka'ōwili hao, alaila, me he ala he anakahi uila e ku pono anakahi uila, akā, ia koke nalo. ua kēiaʻano o ka stress kapaia electromotive ikaika o ka hoʻoponopono-hoʻokomo. I ka manawa o ka energization i ka'ōwili hao he ikaika hoʻololi kona waiwai mai ka 0 a hiki i ka kekahi helu. Ke anakahi uila ma keia wahi i ka waiwai loli e like me Ohm ka kānāwai:

• I = U: R,

kahi aʻu characterizes amperage, U - mākou hōʻike i ke anakahi uila, R - ia'ku o ka'ōwili hao.

Kekahi kūikawā hiʻona o ka'ōwili hao o ka mea kēia mea: ina oe wehe i ka huakai kaapuni "'ōwili hao - he kumu," ka EMF e e hou i ka stress. O kēia ua hoi e hoomaka ana e ulu, a laila, hoʻomaka e kū'ē. Nolaila o ka mua kānāwai o ka commutation, i hākālia nō i ka pono ma ka inductor 'aʻole e hoʻololi' ana i instantaneously.

'ōwili hao hiki ke maheleia i mau hoailona ia mea:

1. Me kaʻume mākenēki kōkua. ferrites a me ka hao, hana like me ka naʻau mea. Nā Kora naʻEsau hookauwa aku, e hoʻonui i ka inductance.
2. Me ka mea ole-ʻume mākenēki. Hoʻohana 'ia ka wā o ka inductance o i oi aku mamua o elima MH.

Na manao maalea oko ma ka nānā aku a me na 'ole. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ia mea kiko'î o ka'ōwili hao inductance. Ke haʻilula i loko o kēlā me kēia hihia mea okoa. No ka laʻana, ka mea inductance e e like me hoʻokahi-, ahu iho coils:

• L = 10μ0ΠN ² R ^2: 9R + 10l.

A, ano, no ka mea multilayer kekahi haʻilula:

• L = μ0N ² R ^2: 2Π (6R + 9l + 10w).

Key mea, ua ulu hou pili i ka hana coils:

1. Ma ka paukūʻolokaʻa ferrite nui inductance ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka waena.
2. No ka mea, i kā mākou inductance pono pili loa ke hooeha coils ma ka'ōwili hao.
3. Ke inductance o ka uuku, me ka uuku helu o nā 'ana e haʻalele.
4. Ke toroidal kāna mau 'ōlelo mamao ma waena o nā' ana e haʻalele o ka'ōwili hao, aole ia i mea.
5. Ke inductance waiwai hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka " 'ana e haʻalele hana huinahā."
6. Inā ka inductor pili ma ka puke, o ko lakou huina waiwai o ka huina o inductances.
7. I ka pili i ka laua, e pono e mālama pono ana i ka inductance i kaulike ma luna o ka papa. I ole ia, i ko lakou hoike e e pololei ole no i ka manao keiki oʻume mākenēki kihapai.

solenoid

Ma lalo o kēia manaʻo pili i ka paukūʻolokaʻa'ōwili hao o ka uea i hiki e wahī ihola i loko o kekahi a oi mau papa. ka paukūʻolokaʻa lōʻihi kekahi iʻoi aku ma mua o ke anawaena. Ma muli o ka mea 'ano i ka wa a ka uila pono i loko o ka solenoid lua hanauʻume mākenēki kahua. I ka uku o ka loli oʻume mākenēki koko hapaʻauhau i kaʻikena loli. he pōpilikia ka inductance o ka'ōwili hao i loko o kēia hihia like penei:

• df: dt = L dl: dt.

ʻO kēiaʻano o ka coils kapaia electromechanical mea hoʻomaka me ka retractable Kora naʻEsau. Ma keia hihia, ua lako i ka solenoid me ka mawaho ferromagneticʻume mākenēki kāna mau 'ōlelo - i kaʻauamo.

I ko kakou manawa, i ka mea hiki ke hui pu iho la i ka neaa a me ka uilaʻoe. Ma keia kumu, hoʻomohala eha Ke Ana Hoʻohālike:

• Ka mua mea hiki ke kū i ka laina puʻe.
• Ka lua o ka kükohu mea okoa mai'ē aʻe, hoʻoikaika ihola kōmike hoʻokele laka-i lālau i loko o ka ikehu mīkini hoʻololi.
• Ke kolu o ka kükohu i loko o kona haku mele 'ana he puʻe regulators, kuleana no ka hana naeaeaa.
• Ka ha ua lāʻau hydraulically paha kiwikā.

Ka mea e pono ai i ka ho omaulia nā papakuhikuhi no

E huli i ka inductance o ka'ōwili hao, ka haʻilula hoʻohana mea like penei:

• L = μ0n ² V,

kahi μ0 hōʻike i kaʻume mākenēki permeability o ka holo, n - i ka helu o nā 'ana e haʻalele, V - ka buke o ke solenoid.

No hoi, e hoʻomaulia i ka'ōwili hao inductance i hiki, a me ke kōkua o kekahi haʻilula:

• L = μ0N ² S: l,

kahi S - o ke keʻa-mahele wahi a L - lōʻihi o ka solenoid.

E huli i ka inductance o ka'ōwili hao, he haʻilula ua hoʻohana 'ia, i kekahi mea mea pono no ke kākoʻo pāʻoihana a hiki i kēia pilikia.

Hana ma luna o ka AC a me DC

Kaʻume mākenēki kahua i ua ua loaʻa i loko o ka'ōwili hao, ke kuhikuhi ma ka iho (axis), a ua like ia:

• B = μ0nI,

kahi μ0 - permeability o ka holo o, n - i ka helu o nā 'ana e haʻalele, a au -ʻikena waiwai.

I kaʻikena kahe ana ma ka solenoid, i ka'ōwili hao hale kūʻai ikehu i mea like me ka hana pono, e hookupaa ai ia i kaʻikena. No ka ho omaulia i ka inductance ma keia hihia, no ka haʻilula hoʻohana mea like penei:

• E = LI ^2: 2

kahi L Hōʻike ka inductance waiwai, a me E - ka waiho waho ikehu.

Pakiko-hoʻokomo electromotive ikaika ia lŘlŘ ka wā o ka pono i loko o ka solenoid.

Ma ka hihia o AC hana i Konakele. He alternatingʻume mākenēki kahua. Ke kuhikuhi ana o ka ikaika o ka attraction i ĸokoĸa ana nä pane, a e noho ua hoʻololiʻia. Ka hihia mua ia lŘlŘ ka wā hoʻohana 'ana i ka solenoid like me ka solenoid. A me ka lua, i ka wa a ka armature ua i kaʻume mākenēki mea. Ke solenoid i AC impedance, a ua komo i loko o ka o Kahualoa Kokohi ia'ku a me kona inductance.

Ka loa, he pono ole ana o solenoids o ke 'ano mua (DC) - he translational pūʻali koa e like me ka mea hoʻomaka. Ka ikaika hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka 'ole o ka Kora naʻEsau a me ka iwi. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike nō i ka hoʻohana 'ana o nā'ūpā ka wā kua hana loaʻa, e kaha i ka dala maoli? Aaeno?, Hawaii a me ka nohona kiwikā i loko o neaa nenoai, wili lauoho i nā nā māhele. Solenoids o ka lua o ka type e hoʻohana i inductors no ka hoʻokomo hahana maoli nō kēia i loko o ipu hoʻoheheʻe umu.

oscillatory wahi i puhi ai

Ka simplest o ka resonant huakai kaapuni mea he pūkaʻina oscillating kaapuni, oia hoi o ka inductor coils i hui pū, a me ka mea pihana ma a he alternatingʻikena a pele. E hoʻoholo i ka inductance o ka'ōwili hao, ka haʻilula hoʻohana mea like penei:

• XL = W m L,

kahi XL hōʻike reactance'ōwili hao, a me ka W - hoʻopoepoe alapine (frequency).

Inā 'oe ke hoʻohana i ka kū'ē impedance o ka mea pihana, laila, i ka haʻilula e nana me keia:

Xc = 1: W m C.

Nui 'ano o ka oscillation huakai kaapuni o ka resonant alapine, ano impedance a me ka Q o ka huakai kaapuni. Ka mua characterizes ke alapine (frequency) ma ke loop ia'ku mea kaila. Ka lua e hōʻike mai ana i ka reactance ma ka resonant alapine (frequency) ma waena o ka Hawaiʻi me ka capacitance a me inductance o ka oscillating huakai kaapuni. Ke kolu o ka ano e hoʻoholo i ka ikaika hawewe a me ka laula o ka ikaika hawewe-alapine ano (alapine (frequency) pane) o ka resonance a me ka hōʻike Ana waiho ikehu i loko o ka huakai kaapuni hoʻohālikelike i ka ikehu poho no oscillation au. Ke alapine (frequency) waiwai o na wahi i puhi ai oe e ana i ka hoʻohana 'ana alapine (frequency) i nā pane. Ma keia hihia, no ka huakai kaapuni ua noʻonoʻo me ka quadripole. A hiki aku i ke kiʻi waiwai ka pakuhi, he anakahi uila loop waiwai (K). Kēia waiwai Hōʻike ka lākiō o ka ia auoiaea anakahi uila i ka hoʻokomo o. No ka wahi i puhi ai i mai i nā ikehu kumu a me kekahi kilo hehee wale, ke kaʻi lau waiwai cia, uaʻoi aku ma mua o ke kuʻikahi. Ua mālama i ka 'Aʻohe ia ma nä alapine okoa mai ka resonance huakai kaapuni i ke kiʻekiʻe ia'ku waiwai. Inā ka palena iki ia'ku waiwai, ke kaʻi lau waiwai mea kokoke i ke kuʻikahi.

Ma ka laua resonant kaapuni kikowaena mau mokulele hēkī lala me kekahi ikaika reactivity. Ke hoʻohana i kēia 'ano o ka huakai kaapuni a hoʻohuʻu ike i ka laua kaapuni oihana mua e pono ai, e hui wale nō kā lākou conductivity, akā,ʻaʻole e kū'ē'ē mai. Ma ka resonant alapine (frequency) o ka nohona ma conductivity o ka huakai kaapuni mea like i Aʻohe, e hoike ana i ka infinitely nui AC e kū'ē'ē mai. No ke kaapuni ana i ka loaʻa o laua capacitance (C), ia'ku (R) a me ka inductance, i ka haʻilula e hoohui mai ia ia, a me ka mea e like ai ololi (Q), like penei:

• Q = R√C: L.

I ana, o ka laua kaapuni i loko o kekahi manawa o ka oscillation ia lŘlŘ palua ka ikehu wehe aʻe ma waena o ka condenser a me ka'ōwili hao. Ma keia hihia, he loop pono, i mea nunui ma luna ma mua o ka he cia i loko o ka mawaho huakai kaapuni.

mea pihana hana

I ka mea o kekahi mau-laau haʻahaʻa conductivity, a me ka ee iaaanu aey a ikaika aku capacitance waiwai. A hiki aku ka mea pihana ua ole ia, kona ia'ku kokoke i 'Aʻohe, i ole ia ka mea, ua like pu ke infinity. Inā ka mana kumu ua disconnected mai ka hehee ai, e lilo ia i kumu no kona hookuuia. E ho ohana i mea pihana ma uila no o ke kūlana o nā kānana i wehe leo. Ka mea i loko o ka mana lako no ka mana i puhi ai, ua hoʻohana 'e hanai nenoai me ka nui wahie. He ua ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka hehee ai ka hana, e kekahi i kekahi ee iaaanu aey ke keʻena, akā, i kaʻikena lolelua. Ke kiekie o ka alapine ke keʻena, me ka emi ka ia'ku o ka mea pihana. E like me ka hopena, i ka condenser jammed a pau i ka leo e hele ana ma luna o ka DC.

Ia'ku hehee ai hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka capacitance. No keia kumu, ia mea naauao, e waiho i ka capacitors me kekahi leo eʻohi i nā'ēheu kēia'ēheu o ka leo. Aie i ka hiki ana o ka mea, e hele pololeiʻikena wale i kauoha aku la i o ka manawa o kona hoʻohana like ka hehee ai i loko o ka mīkini hana wāwahie a me ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale shaping pa alima.

Capacitors e hele mai ana ma na ano. ʻano nui hoʻohana Mea Maluna o ka dielectric type, mai keia aiao hoʻoholo i ke kumupaʻa o capacitance,'īpale ia'ku, a no laila, ma luna o. Systematization o keia nui, ua like penei:

1. Capacitors me ka gaseous dielectric.
2. Holo.
3. Me ke kinowai dielectric.
4. Me ka paa'okanikaʻole dielectric.
5. Me ka paa ke aloha dielectric.
6. Paa.
7. Electrolytic.

Aia He He Mea Maluna capacitors mākaʻikaʻi (i kaʻana like 'ole laʻa), i ke ano o ka palekana i ka mawaho aʻe (pale a me unprotected, kaʻawaleʻana a me ka' ole-kaʻawale, piha, a ua hōʻailonaʻia)ʻano hana mea hoʻonoho (coupler, pai, ili honua, a me ke kui hoʻohewa, he Snap luka ). ka mea hiki ke ike okoa no hoi ma ka hiki e hoʻololi nona iho:

1. Capacitors, paa, i ka mea, i ka 'auhau o ka i mea mau ikaika.
2. Trimmer. Ka mea, i ka 'auhau' aʻole e hoʻololi i hoohana ia o ka pono, akā, ka mea hiki ke like kekahi manawa, a me kekahi manawa.
3. Aiaiiuo. It capacitors e ae ma ka hana o ka ipu hoʻololi 'ana i kona' auhau.

Inductor a me ka mea pihana

Lawelawe oihana mua o ka mea e hiki no e pili ana kona iho inductance. Kēia mall māhele e like me masonry, me ka ai pili aku kaʻa 'ohua, he ÿauhau maʻi a me fuses. 'Oe ke hana hou mea pihana inductance ma ka ai pili aku kaʻa' ohua. kaapuniʻano o ka hana hilinaʻi nui ma luna o inductance, capacitance a me ka ea. Ke haʻilula no ka helu ana i ka inductance ka wā e nee mai ana i ka resonant alapine, i ka hahai ana ia lŘlŘ:

• Ce = C: (1 - 4Π ^2. F ² LC),

kahi ce hoʻoholo i ka hoʻokō capacitance, C Hōʻike ka maoli capacitance, [illegible] - o ke alapine (frequency), L - inductance.

mau pono e noʻonoʻo pono i ka inductance waiwai e hana me ka mana capacitors wā. No ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale capacitors pakiko-inductance waiwai o ka mea nui. Ko lakou hookuuia e kau mai maluna o ka hoʻokomo loop, a he mau ano - aperiodic a me ka oscillatory.

Inductance i loko o ka condenser mea e kaukaʻi ma i huiʻia kaapuni hehee wale malaila. No ka laʻana, ma ka laua pilina na pauku a me ka luhi o, keia nui o ka huina o na inductances o ka AEeAaOA ka papa kuhikuhiE busbar a me nā hoʻoholo '. No ka loaʻa i kēiaʻano o ka inductance, ka haʻilula Ua like penei:

• LK = Lp + lm + Lb,

kahi LK hōʻike inductance ka manaʻo, ka Lp -Package, lm - i ka papa kuhikuhiE kaʻa 'ohua, a Lb - kēpau inductance.

Inā ka laua pilina o ka he kaʻa'ōhua loli aʻe ma kona lōʻihi, a laila, ua ho'ākāka 'ia ka like inductance like:

• LK = Lc: N + μ0 H m D: (3b) + Lb,

kahi L - lōʻihi o ka papale hainaka, e - ka laula a me D - i ka mamao ma waena o ka papale hainaka.

E emi i ka inductance o ka mea pono ola māhele condenser hoʻonoho ai i kā lākou mau hana kuikahi compensatedʻume mākenēki kahua. Ma nā hua'ōlelo, nā māhele ola me ka ia he noi e e wehe 'ia mai kekahi i kekahi a hiki i hiki, a, e lawe pu i ka kekahi ao ao. I ka hoʻohuiʻia nā Waihona Noʻeau a me ka hōʻemiʻana dielectric mānoanoa ke emi i ka inductance pauku. Ua hiki ke loaʻa a hiki ma ka mahele ana i kekahi pauku me ka nui nui i kekahi i kekahi mau mea hou lepo ipu.