Kaʻawahia - kaʻawahia i ...

Ma kekahi hana, a me ka pono i loko o ke ola, e hiki pinepine lohe e pili ana i kaʻawahia i huiʻia me kaʻawahia waiwai. Akā, i ke ano o nā lātoma ia mea? Kaʻawahia - ke ana o kaʻawahia, a me kekahi mea'ē aʻe? E ho'āʻo i ka maopopo i ka papa o ka 'atikala.

He aha ka ke kaʻawahia?

E like me ka Nine Inch wahi o Hawaii, i ka wehewehena o "kaʻawahia" - o ka olelo o ka truncated inoa toksikometricheskogo inideka. 'O kēia ka waiwai i Hōʻike pehea i ua hui mea pilikia loa ke ola a me ke ola a me ka mammals mehana-koko mea.

Ma nā hua'ōlelo, ka kaʻawahia - mea he ana o ka mea i kā mākou allowable lehulehu o ka pilikia waiwai, i loko o ka mea ka mea e ole i hopena maikaʻi 'ole, i ka wa i hooleiiaʻi mawaho, e ola mea.

ʻeleu ke keʻena ho omaulia like me ka inverse cia o ka awelika lethal mahele lāʻau o ka ua hope paha. Oe ke hoi aku nei au i ka kaʻawahia - i ka hiki ana o ka hui, e i irreversible loli i loko o ke ola o nā kānaka, holoholona a mea kanu.

Ke ana o kaʻawahia i e kekahi, e hoakaka mea hoʻohana kūikawā rula a me kiko'î. Ma keia kumu hoomaopopo mau waeʻano o ka waiwai.

Classes o ka waiwai kaʻawahia

Mau no ia. Kēiaʻano o ka Mea Maluna o ka manaʻo. E hoomanao i hiki a pau nā pūʻulu.

1. Ka mua papa o kaʻawahia - ka'āina nā palapala. E hōʻike he helu mea ma lalo 15 mg / kg kino ke kaumaha.
2. Loaʻawahia i huiʻia. Oia inideka mea kiekie, akā nō loa uuku - mai ka 15 a hiki i 150 mg / kg.
3. Pae lōpū ma ka waiū - mai i ka 1500 mg / kg.
4. Low-ʻawahia - oi ma mua o ka mua huahelu.

Maoli ai, o ka hopena i ola e hoʻolako i wale i ka mea, a pae o ka aggressor, akā, i kona manawa o ka waiū. Ke kiekie ae ia mea, no ka nui o ka pilikia o ka make a me ka loa kaʻapu kōheoheo.

Mahaloʻawahia waiwai

Mau nā ole wale ka poe e i kaʻapu kōheoheo i loko o kānaka a me nā holoholona. Akā, i ka poe i hiki ke hoʻohaumia i ka kaiapuni. Ka mea, e ia i loko o kekahi mau Hawaii o ka aggregation:

• paa;
• wai;
• kinoea.

Ka noho pilikia loa ana o ia mau mea - ka asphyxiating kinoea i huiʻia e nā colorless a me ka odorless. No ka laʻana, kalapona monoxide a kalapona monoxide.

Loaʻawahia waiwai e komo i ka helu o ke ano e ae, e līkaia no ia i waena o nā hui.

1. Hiki e hohola ea kahawai i kekahi mau (kekahi manawa nui nui) ka mamao.
2. Maluhia iho la ma nā hale 'ikamu, ka ai, a me nā mea e hoomahuahua i ka pilikia o ka maʻiʻaʻai a me kaʻapu kōheoheo.
3. Nui loa ka nohona a me ka oko ao ma ka hana ana, pela no oe e hana i ke ao e ola ai.

I ka hopena o ia ka kaʻawahia - keia mea he waiwai o ka mea, i ka loa paʻakikī e Makuakane me a me ka hiki hou ole e hoopau ai i ka pāʻana. Nolaila, o ka hana i kēia mau i huiʻia ka loa a me ka pilikia undesirable. A ina e hiki ole ke käpae ', e mea pono e akahele noonoo hiki a pau koho no ka hoomalu ana i ka ÷ naehana hanu'āpana a me ka ili.

E noonoo oe i kekahi mau examples o ka loa mana hoomake iho no hoi iwaena o ke kinowai, a iwaena o ka asphyxiating kinoea nā lātoma.

Hydrocyanicʻakika a me kona paʻakai

ʻO kaʻawahia o ka waiwai no a hiki i ka paʻakai o ka hydrocyanicʻakika ka'āina kiʻekiʻe. Like pono me ka hui wale. Kona Nine Inch haʻilula HCN. Ua loaʻa he ano ala wale kona ano, noa-e kahe a loa e yiaeaiiacaaeneiie.

Kona i ka mea pepehi waiwai - ia mea wailana ia ma nā mea a pau ano o nā'uheheʻe, me ka wai. Nolaila, i ka wa kino ka mea, ua paka nei. Physiological ia ma luna o ke kino e ka paleʻana i ka ÷ naehana hanu nenoaiu. Cyanide (Hydrocyanicʻakika paakai) hiki o ka hoʻohuiʻia me ka hemoglobin hao, ma laila luku ia. A hiki keia i hoʻomaka i ka o oxygen pololi o nā'aʻaʻa, aeee a me nā loko. E like me ka hopena - ka make imminent a kaumaha loa intoxication.

Potasiuma cyanide ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka make ikaika, mai ka wa kahiko. Ua Ua ua ike no kona waiwai a me ka 'ole ma ke kino.

ʻawahia kinoea

Mawaena o ka gaseous i huiʻia, he nui o ka poe i komo iloko o ka pae o ka lahuiʻawahia. ʻO ka wā o ke Kaua Honua I chlorine kinoea i hoʻohana me he Nine Inch mea kaua, a me ka loa ana.

He mea mau o ka loa ikaikaʻole, a me ka ho'ānoʻole i huiʻia o kēiaʻano.

• phosgene;
• formaldehyde;
• chloro;
• ka paʻa o ka bromine nā'ātoma;
• kalapona monoxide;
• koloriside, phosphorus (III);
• ammonia;
• hydrogen sulphide;
• kalapona disulfide;
• sulfur dioxide i;
• meto koloriside, a he nui na mea e ae.

List a pau pono mea,ʻaʻole e hiki, i ko lakou helu, he oi nui. Ma waho mau synthesized i nāʻano likeʻole hou o kekahi wahi i pili, kekahi o i hoopiha i ka waihonaʻawahia.

chlorine

He nahesa niho kinoea yellow-uliuli ano me ka kńnaka ala. Manawa a hiki i keia ia mea hiki ke huai ae ole kūikawā lako a pan. Ka mea, ua kaumaha ia ma mua o ka ea ole, no laila, e palemo ai i na kula kai. No laila, e holo mai kona waiwai e pono ai, e piʻi like kiʻekiʻe i hiki.

Kēia hewa a me ka hana i kanaka i i ole ike e pili ana i keia kinoea waiwai. Ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hūnā i loko o ka hale ilalo, a me nā kai, ma ka papa, a malalo o ka ao o ka make. Kona liluwelo hopena ma luna o ke kino ua kńnaka kanawai. Once loko ma ka naehana'āpana, ka mea a nā loa'ā a me nā'aʻaʻa, e like me ka hopena, pilikia ma ka hanu 'ana, pu ma kaʻeha. Kēia hana hoomaka ma kona lehulehu i loko o ka lewa i loko o ka nui o ka 6 mg / ^m3.

Ma keia palapala noi o ke kinoea i loko o ka hana ia mea loa nui. No laila, ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia no:

• hana o insecticides;
• mea hiki ke hooheheeia cleaners;
• ka ai hana me ka mea hoʻonui (E 925);
• wai disinfection;
• me ke loloʻa mea hoʻonui;
• like me ka disinfectant ikaika, a me ka 'inikua hana.

E hana me kēia hui e ia he hana aiiay hoopii loa akahele ka hoʻohana 'ana, a me ka malama ole maluhia rula.

phosgene

Kēia nahesa niho kinoea, a maʻamauʻaʻohe kala like 'ole, honi a me musty mauʻu. Kona nui weliweli mea i ku e ia he mea ole antidote. Hoʻopale ', e hiki wale makakiʻi. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o World War I like me ka Nine Inch kaua.

Kona physiological ia mea instantaneous ka paleʻana alveolar kaha. Ka hopena o ka ikaika loa pulmonary edema. Make mea imminent, no laila, ke kinoea hina i loko o ka waeʻano o ka loaʻawahia waiwai.

Ka lehulehu i loko o ka nui o ka 5 mg hiki i ka make. Inā, mai ka loa kinohi mai o ka waiū e phosgene hiki ke 'akomi i ka honi, laila, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ka mea, ālai' ka olfactory nā aʻalolo, no laila, ka mea e ole e ikeia ma kekahi lehulehu i loko o ka lewa.