Ke kumu nui koa o ka malaria parasite. Life kalapona, me nā hale, nā'ōlelo o ka parasite

I loko nō o ka hooulu ana o ka lapaau, kekahi o na maʻi loa, he pono ole i na kēia lā ka malaria. 'Oiai, e loaʻa nā hoomakaukau ana no kona holomua lapaʻau, akā, ua lawe na ola o, kokoke elua miliona kanaka i kela makahiki. Malaria no i ka protozoan maʻi, a ua kauoha ae la ia e kekahi mea uuku parasite - Plasmodium malaria. He mea i ka luna 'ola kalapona, a me ka mea hiki wale nei i loko o ke kino o ka mea lawe. Nolaila, e hiki ke loaa ka iho mailoko me malaria ma ka nahu o ka mosquito. 'O kēia ka poʻe kaua nui o ka malaria parasite. Ke kanaka o kona puali waena.

He aha ka Plasmodium falciparum

Pathogen maʻi - he unicellular meaola. Ka mea, e pili ana i ka Subkingdom protozoa, parasites paukū. Wale eha 'ano o ka nui helu o kēia mau meaola i parasitic i loko o ke kanaka kino a me ka pono malaria. Kēia parasite nā lā hoʻi i ka suborder koko Sporozoa me ka mea multiplies i loko o na keena koko, i hanai ma hemoglobin, a ua pū i hiki ma ke koko. Pakahi aku la ia lakou i na mea i loko o ua komo o ka hookahi aeea, akā, hana me he kuokoa kino. ʻO wai ka mea o ka Plasmodium falciparum? Ka 'ole o ia mea i' ano like me ka poe o kaʻike mau keena, akā, wale he uuku oi huikau, ka mea e wahi i loko o ka papa o kona ola like kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao mai. Kēia meaola mea ole wale puunaueia, akā, i hoʻololi kinona, ulu a reproduces nā kiʻie a asexually.

Ano a me ka 'ole o ka parasites

Wale eha laha 'o ka malaria parasites i maʻi i loko o kānaka. lākou 'ole a me ke ola kalapona o ka ia, wale i ka oko ao i loko o nā kiʻina hana o ka maʻi hoike ana. Alaila, ka mea i kapaia:

- ka causative Agena o ka malaria tropica;

- ka causative Agena o falciparum malaria;

- he eha-lā malaria pathogen;

- ka'ololaha-malaria pathogen.

ʻO wai ka mea o ka Plasmodium falciparum? Ke 'ole o kēia meaola meaʻokoʻa ma kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o? Acaeoey. Kino i loko o ka palapala o Plasmodium sporozoida - vermiform ke olonā i? A? Meaola lōʻihi o wale 5,8 microns. i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o ka meaʻulaʻula koko keena ma hope, ka mea lawe i ka palapala o ka amoeba, ulu a me ka pepehi ula koko keena. He hiki no hoi ia i ka parasite i loko o ka palapala o ka moe gametocytes keena, a ma ka mosquito, ka mea, merge i sporocysts.

Ke ola kalapona o Plasmodium falciparum

He He luna 'kaʻina. Iloko o ka evolution o ka parasite i hakuloli e noho wale nō i loko o ke kino o nā meaola e koho i ka mau kaua: ke kanaka a me ka mosquito. No ia mea, malaria maʻiʻaʻai ia lŘlŘʻano nui ma ka insect nahu 'ole' ana ma ke koko. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka poe kaua definitive o ka malaria parasite mea he kanaka. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ia ia symptoms o ka maʻi hoike mai ai ia lakou iho, a 'aʻole i hiki i ka hai mosquito ia mea he lawe. Akā, ma ka oiaio ia mea i loko o ka insect ka kino ka moe nā'ōlelo o ka parasite. Nolaila, ua hoao aku au iaʻepekema i na kanaka - ka mea, o ka poe kaua waena o ka malaria parasite. He aha ka ke ola kalapona hele i ka parasite?

1. I ka keikihipa omo ua hoʻohaumiaʻia ke koko i loko o ka mosquito komo i kaʻiliahi germ keena plasmodium. A ma ka mea, e fertilized, a ua pili i ka'ōpū o ka mosquito, hoʻomaka e puunaue. Huina sporozoidov parasite ke hiki haneri o na tausani, he nui helu o ia aia i loko o ka salivary glands o ka mosquito. He nolaila, he insect - o ka poe kaua nui o ka malaria parasite.

2. I ka mosquito nahu sporozoidy kiʻi i loko o kanaka koko. Aia, ke parasite hele ma nā kūlana o ka? Acaeoey. Ua Ua maheleia ma ke akepaʻa, ho okumu i merozoites, a laila, komo i ka ula koko keena, kahi e undergoes asexual nā'ōlelo.

Ke kumu nui koa o ka malaria parasite

A lawe mai o ka maʻi o ka wahine mosquito o kekahi? Ueo - e noho ana i loko o ka wela aniau. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka hooulu ana o Plasmodium falciparum hiki i ka wela ma luna o 16 degere wale. A me ka K'lauea, i kēia kaʻina mea ma 25-28 degere. Trapped i loko o ke kino o ka mosquito germ keena plasmodium hiki ke fertilized wale ma laila. Kela manawa, ma hope o 10-15 minuke, he zygote ua hana a ua hoohuliia mai i ka prikreplyaetya sporocysts, a me nā pā paia o ka insect'ōpū. Aiaʻo ia i hoʻomaka e puunaue. I kekahi sporocyst hana mau tausani sporozoidov. A fertilized na keena ma ka mosquito hiki e he nui dala. No laila, i ka helu sporozoidov ke hiki haneri o na tausani. Ka mea, e haawi ma ka kino o ka mosquito, loaa i loko o kona salivary glands. Penei nō sporozoidy Plasmodium falciparum komo i loko o kanaka koko.

Ke ola o ka parasite i loko o ke kanaka kino

Ma ka nahu o ka mosquito i hāpai i ka microorganism Plasmodium falciparum komo i ke kanaka koko. Ke parasite i loko o ke kino hele ma nā kūlana o ka? Acaeoey: lole, a piha ula koko keena. A no loko mai o ka lua o ka kahua o Plasmodium a me ke kumu o ka symptoms o malaria.

1. ka pae mua ua kapa'aʻaʻa schizogony. Penetrating i ake keena sporozoid helu kuhi puke i ka puunaue, ho okumu i mai i ka 50 tysyach merozoites. Ka mea, e hele i loko o ke koko penetrating i loko o ka ula koko keena. Kēia ka anu u ke kumu ole symptoms a mau mai ka 5 a hiki i 16 mau lā. Ma kekahi mau hihia, e like me i maʻiʻaʻai trednevnoy Plasmodium malaria, hapa sporozoidov ke koe moe ko loko o ke akepaa, e kauoha ana i ka relapse i loko o na malama eono o ka maʻi.

2. A hiki Plasmodium mai, mai ke akepaʻa, i loko o ke koko, e komo i ka ula koko keena, a kaʻina kānāwai he cyclical kaʻina hana o ka erythrocyte schizogony. Ai hemoglobin, merozoites hoʻomōhala a me ka māhele e lilo hou aeee: asexual a me ka 'īnea i schizonts - gametocytes. Luku i ka ula koko aeea, e hele lākou i loko o ke koko wai koko. Ia manawa i hoʻopiha i ke kanaka i hoʻomaka i ka hoouka o ka mai kuni. I ka gametocytes i hana, ua lilo i ke kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai, a me ke nahu o ka mosquito Plasmodium komo i ke kino o ka insect, a me ka helu kuhi puke kahi moe nā'ōlelo i loko o kanaka koko.

Ka hooulu ana o ka parasite i loko o kanaka koko

No ke aha la ka mea i pilikia ai i ke kanaka malaria parasites? Nā'ōlelo ia i kanaka koko hiki aku ai a hiki i ka make ana o ka ula koko keena. Mau koko aeee ka parasite undergoes i ka moʻo o ka loli: na merozoites hoʻololi i loko o trofozoida kahua e hanai ma ka hemoglobin, a ua ulu koke, laila schizonts i hana. Ka mea, paʻi asexually, a luku aku i ka ula koko aeea. Ma keia hihia, i ke koko komo ka haole kumuʻiʻo, ka potasiuma paakai i koe iho o ka lukuia koko keena, a me ka pūnao o ka parasite waiwai huahana. Eia wela ho'āhewa wale, i kēia kaʻina kumu o ka haunaele o ke ake, a spleen, kūpono ma ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka connective'aʻaʻa i loko o ia mau mea. Ke disintegration oʻulaʻula koko keena a me ka pono anaemia. Pinepine i ka lolo ua loli, mea, ke ahaʻia ma muli o ia i ka mea ulu ma ka capillary permeability.

malaria Hiʻona

Kēia maʻi ua kapaia "piholo maila kuni" Ua, uaʻikeʻia hope o ka wa kahiko. Ua Ua māhele i loko o nā mea a pau Tropical aina. Wale nō i loko o ka 17th kenekulia hoomaka e ana pono i ka maʻi ma ka ili o ka cinchona laau. A i ka pau ana o ka 19th kenekulia ka mea i ike i ka malaria parasite. Ua ua wale i loko o ka hapalua like-20th kenekulia, ke ola kalapona o ka malaria parasite i? Anoee ma au mamuli, hanaia ka hoʻokō ai 'no ka hana maikaʻi i ka maʻi. I loko nō o kēia, no ka wela aina maʻi me ka malaria kēlā me kēia makahiki oi ma mua o 300 miliona kanaka. About elua miliona hihia hope i loko o ka make. Kēia maʻi ua wehewehe aku e eha kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.

- Ka incubation manawa ma a he mea he nawaliwali, headache.

- ka lua o ke kahua, feverish. Ua hoʻomaka me ka pauhia. I keia manawa, i ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale e hoola ae, o ka'aloʻahiʻa, piʻi pū, a me ka hoʻomanawanui hiki ole kiʻi mehana. Mahope o 1-3 hola ka mahana ua nui mahuahua - mai i ka 41 degere, malama delirium, ke kāʻili 'ana a me nā headaches. Ma hope o ia, i ka wela kulu, pu e kaumaha sweating.

- Mahope o 10-12 ho'āhewa wale i ka maʻiʻaʻai make mai, a he mea he kiʻekiʻe latent wā.

- Inā ua hewa ka iapaau ana, a laila, ma hope o kekahi mau mahina o ka recurrence o ka maʻi. Ua hiki ana i loko o ka hihia o ka maʻiʻaʻai ma kekahi 'ano o ka plasmodium mea e hookomo ana malaria tropica. Part sporozoidov keia parasite koe i loko o ke kanaka ake i loko o ka moe ko moku'āina.

He aha ka i ka pilikia o ka maʻi

Ma waho aʻeo ia recurring manawa o ke kuni, malaria mea he 'aʻe' ana o nā mea a pau nenoai a me nā loko. E hoʻoikaika i myocardial dystrophy, neuritis, migraine, nephritis, thrombocytopenia a me ka anaemia. Ikaika e loli ai i ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa. Ma kekahi mau hihia, i ka maʻi mea maʻi a me ka pilikia i ka pono. Pakahi aku la ia susceptible i ka maʻiʻaʻai me na keiki - i ka make ana i waena o ia mea kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i keia manawa, i ka maʻi ka loa, he pono ole ma Africa, Australia,ʻAmelika Hema, ma ka mokuna o ke Kaiula, a me ke Kaiwaenahonua, South-East Asia a me India.

Lapaau a me ka Kāohiʻana o ka malaria

ʻO i keia la i ka ke kaiāulu kanaka, hiki ole Makuakane me keia maʻi. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ke kumu nui nona o Plasmodium falciparum - ka mosquito. Ma Tropical'āina, o ka oi aku i loko o humid aniau i loko nō, i kēia mau nā mea kolo he nui loa. Nolaila, o ka mea nui i loko o ka Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi - e hoʻopale ai ia lakou iho, mai insectʻaki. Hiki nō ke hoʻohana i ka mosquitoʻupena a repellents. E hana i ka maʻi ina iho mailoko e e hoʻohana i ka hailona o ai ', "Hlorozin" Mefloquine, "" Primaquine "," Akrikhin "a ua ike mai ke 19th kenekulia" Quinine ", lakou i wale koke paʻapū symptoms hoʻomaka e hoouka aku, akā, i loa luku i ka parasite. kanaka e noho ana ma ka Tropical wahi, a ua loaa ia maʻi, kuai e hoʻonele i ka pathogen? ueony, akā, hiki e nā moku halihali mokulele o ka maʻiʻaʻai, a me ka poe e hele ana, e hele i kēia mau'āina, ka mea, ua aeiiaiaoaony ia mau lawe Anati-malarial ai '.