Mea i hoʻokumu i ka oihana koa photojournalism Robert Capa: A Kawaihae,ʻike hoʻokumu a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

No 40 makahiki ka mea, ua hookuu ia na mea he nui i hana ai. Aʻu i hele nā mea a pau ma luna o ka Honua, ua mau hoaaloha a me nā mea kākau loa kaulana a me ka pilina o kona manawa, e like me Hemingway a me Steinbeck, kipa i nā kaua elima, ua i ka hiki o ka pau 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke - koa photojournalism. I ka wa i ikeia me he womanizer, i ka inu, a Vadinho keia, ola i ka make ana o ke kaua, a me kona wahine hoa aloha, kokoke mare i ka loa wahine maikai ma ka honua - he mea hōʻike superstar - a make ma luna o ke kahua kaua ano o koa i ka make. Ua haawiia i ke Robert Capa no ka lōʻihi manawa i ole nei me ke kanaka, akā, ua maikaʻi ke hoʻololi i ka hoax, he mea hiki, e apono i ka i Kawaihae no ka screenplay no ka ho film, ia mea pono o ka "Oscar".

Ua ua e kali ana no ka wā e hiki mai nui!

A hiki i ka 1913 o ka ohana nona o keʻano o Nuioka ma loko o ka konu o Pukapeka, Dezso a me Dzhulii Fridman, he keiki i hanauia mai, heʻoiaʻiʻo ka mea, - ka mea, e lilo ia i halawai kanaka, a e lilo i ka pomaikai nui i loko o ke ola. Kekahi o na hoailona, ka mea ike i ka uuku hōʻailona ma luna - he keiki ua ma ka lima keu manamana lima, iʻia wehe 'ia me kekahi hopena no ka mea ola a me ka nānā aku i ke keiki. Keiki, o Andre Erno, akā, ma hope o ka manawa, ua loaa i ka inoa kapakapa, e like me ka karaima, a me ka inoa kapakapa lilo no i ana i kona inoa - Bundy. Maopopo, ua Iudaio, ke keiki, mai ka ohana maikai ka oko ao ikaika hikiwawe, hiki wawe ko oukou manao a me kaʻaumakua no ka noho malie ola.

Hele mai na 30s. Hungary i kekahi o na aina ma na fascists hele mai la i ka mana, a me ke koa i koke ho'āpono komo i loko o ka palapala ana maluna o ka? Eia o Horthy. Ma hope o kona hopu ia ana a me ka hoʻouluhua makai ia i na lau Hungary, a ma ka 1931, ua komo i ke Kulanui o Pelelina i loko o ka'Āuna Kumu o Journalism. Akā, i ke kala no ka mau nō lā hoʻi o ka haʻawina iʻaʻole i loaʻa, a me ka nā koa i hele aku i ka hana i loko o Die Foto Hawaii photo oihana. Ikehu a me ka sociability i ke kanaka'ōpiopio i ole hele unnoticed, a hoomaka kokeʻo ia i kauoha aku la i ana o ka nui pili hanana, a i ka manawa i nele i ka kokololio maʻEulopa.

Ka mua pomaikai

E olelo ana ma December 1932 ma Copenhagen, Leon Trotsky, a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia e Stalin, mai ka'āina makau kīmopō, ke hookapu i kekahi For. Akā, me nā'ōpio mea paʻi Andre Friedmann e hoʻokele i lawe i kekahi kiʻi, a paʻiʻia he nui alakaʻi o Europa, paʻi puke. Ka mea, ua ka mua maoli pomaikai huli no photojournalist. He hoʻomaka ia e hooponoponoia ia mea, me ka walaʻauʻana me nā loina o ka lakou oihana, i ka luna o ka mea āna e haʻi hope, e like me Robert Capa: "! Inā kou kii i ole loa maikai - ka mea, 'o ia hoʻiʻoe i ole pani lawa"

He ua i loko o ka makahiki 1933 i loko o ka naʻau o ka mea hana ma ka waena konu o ka ieoaeunoai, a brews ka honua i ka nui loa wā e hiki mai pōʻino o ke kaua: i ka mana i loko o Germany ka Nazis hele mai. Iudaio photojournalist me leftist manao ma Pelelina lilo ke ola mau olelo hooweliweli, a ua neʻe akulaʻo ia i Farani, ma Palika. Aia, i ka makahiki 1935 mamuli, me ka mea i lailaʻo ia he'ōlelo hoʻomakeʻaka, "ma ka makahiki o ka 22 ua hanau" wā e hiki mai i hoʻokumu o ka oihana photojournalist Robert Capa. "Makua" hiki ke manao ia Andre Friedmann, akā,ʻo ua, i manaʻo, me ka "makuahine".

Gerda Taro

Ko lakou halawai ua maemae wale. A lohe o Andre kono me ke kumu hoʻohālike i kekahi nani kaikamahine, e like me ia i hee aku ai mai ka Nazis, ka kekahi me ka wahine mare a me ka ike ana i ka inoa maikaʻi o ka uʻi mea paʻi, i kona hoa. He ua he German Iudaio me Polish aʻa, a ua Gerda Anna Pogorilaya kona inoa. Centerfolds hanohano i ole poino, akā, Gerda na kuhihewa ia o Don Juan hiki ole ke ku imua o. Ua huli mai i ka mea, he poe nā hoapili, a me Gerda, e like Andre, ua ho'āʻo ana e hana i kekahi photojournalism ola. Trees Andre ole ilihune ike ana o ka 'ōlelo Palani a me ke alo i loko o Paris o kekahi photojournalist no Friedman ohana. Soon pu ka mea, e ulu chic ke kūʻai akuʻana ploy.

Ke pā like o ko lākou hoax ua, e like me ka mea e e, noonoo ole a me ka ingenious. E aho e hoʻohoka Iudaio mea paʻi, a aole makemake ole i ka hana i ole paa paiia, e hōʻike i ka mea paʻi kaulana a me ka onaona, mai nā'āina Amerika, ma kona mau kiʻi i loko o snapped ka loa influential nupepa a me Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke, a me ka mea hana ma ka kūikawā Agena ma ka hui pu ana, - ua mea paʻi, kaikamahine leftist. Koke, hoomaka ae la ka Paris kaomi e hōʻike surprisingly topical a me ka huʻi, pinepine scandalous Hawaii photo hoike, i kakauinoaia e ka inoa lei o Robert Capa (Robert Capa). Naʻe me ka me ka luna hoʻoponopono alakai i kona manakia - Gerda Taro, i kekahi manawa, hoouna aku kā lākou mau hana. Ka 'ike akula Hawaii photo oihana keiki kanaka, ua eo nui kaulana, ma ka mythical Amelika i ke kākoʻo'-ona a me Tarot - kona kakauolelo a me ka manakia.

Ke kaua ma Sepania

Hoax, ua hōʻikeʻia, ka wā e neʻe ana i New York, a ho'āʻo e haawi aku i ka mea nāna i kona Hawaii photo oihana no ka mea kaulana Farani. Akā,ʻo ua maoli kaulana, a mai Robert Capa i kaʻiʻo a me ke koko, a nānā he kilakila. Kau iho i ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka Spanish Kanawai War , Robert a me Gerda hele aku me ka maikaʻi-ike mea paʻi, na inoa e ole e pono ai hoʻolaha a me hoaxes. Ma waho aʻeo ia oihana paha e kū'ē'ē i loko o ke kula hoʻomaka i ke kaua aku i fascism, a kapa iho la lakou no ka hala loa kekahi walohia koe, Socialist manaʻo i kapa hoʻohanohano oiai he nui loa ka noʻonoʻo kanaka a pau ma luna o ka honua.

Ke kaua mua, i hoku Robert Capa, ua i kona mua ka ho'āʻoʻana, i ka wā i kona hoʻomaʻamaʻa ki ina hana like o ka lawe paʻi, ka Documentary i ole wale pololei akā, i kiʻekiʻe loka a me ka nui ikaika hopena ma luna o ka hoolohe. Kona kiʻi mau hiʻona undisguised pono'ī e pili ana i ka mea e hanaia - i ka manao a me ka mahalo i kekahi ano, ka hoʻowahāwahā a me ka aversion i ka 'ē aʻe. Personal ke koa a me ka ikehu e leie aku Cape e lawe slike, honi ana o ka pauka a me ka exploding leho hoailona iho la, a me ka pōmaikaʻi a me ka noʻeau inclinations - e hoolilo ana ia lakou Haliʻaaʻela ka manaʻoo mākou, a kilakila mōʻaukala nā palapala.

Ka loa kaulana kiʻi

September 5, 1936 Capa ua i loko o ka 'auwaha o ka Republicans i loko o ka wahi o ka mauna huahelu o Sierra Morena. Ka naʻau i loko o ka poʻe kaua nana lakou i ku Frankists ua kumuʻanoʻole maoli. Loyalists, oa kākoʻo o ka repubalika, mālama i ke kupono mana o ke kipi General Franco, ua ike i ko lakou hoa i ka hou Kelemānia machines, E ho oku ui pana me ka launa pinepine '.

Hope Capa hoʻomanaʻo aʻela i ka wā o ka hui loyalist luna koa ke hoʻolana i ka kaua i hahai aku, a hoomaka ae la na kanaka e pii mai ana e huna ana ia, lohe ka leo gunfire. Mea paʻiʻike ihola i kona "Leica" ma luna o ka pā ma waho, a blindly huki i ke kāhea. I ka io, ka oihana hoouna mai Capa, ka mea i hoikeia ma na paʻi puke paʻi kiʻi, i kapaʻia ma hope o ke kiʻi kaulana loa i loko o ke ao nei, i i ke kaua. He likeʻole nō olelo hoike, a me ka noiʻi, e kamailio e pili ana i ka o ke kahua 'ano o ke kiʻi, i ke kolohe o ka staging, hoomaka lakou e Capa. Hoopaapaa mai i pau a hiki i kēia manawa, akā, i ka i loko o ke kiʻi i i ka mea paʻi Robert Capa, ka mea, 'aʻole e hoʻololi i: ka ordinariness manawa o ka make, A i hoopaaia iwaena keʻena, hōʻike i kaʻino - Anati-kanaka - ku pono kaua.

lilo

I ke kauwela o 1937 i loko o ka hoi aku la lakou kolamu o Republicans, kokoke i ka Madrid suburb o Brunete, he pahu kona kalaka accidentally weluwelu i ka eha. Ua ua he hoaaloha a me ka hui pu ana o Capa - Gerda Taro. I kekahi lā - July 26 - ua make, mai kona nā palapū. Loss o ka nui ole o Robert. Kona mau hoa hoʻomanaʻo aʻela i ka mea ole maoli i hiki ke loaa mai ka mea, a hiki i ka hopena. Ano ka mea, he e hana i loko o ka ia oihana, i ka hanau ana o ko lakou hui kuka, akā loa importantly - ia i nalowale i kona aloha loira, a me ka mea, e like me kekahi mau kumu, i hele e imi i Launa Male ka pomaikai.

Ma ka aʻe kaua hele wale. Photos ia Capa ma Kina, hoʻolauna ka o ka poʻeʻEulopa, a Americans i ole mea lahaʻole wale i na wahi o ka Honua, akā, ua mālama i like me ka weliweli nānā i nā'ōuli i ka lapalapa o ke Kaua Honua II i ka wa a ka kaua o ke Kepani koa, i lilo ai i ka 1938 lua me ka hou koa, a noho i loko o ka ole-ʻaoʻao kekahi, e loaa ia.

World

Ke peculiarity o ke kānāwai 'Amelika no ka kupa i ka 1940 alakai aku ai i ka paradoxical kulana home' ole me ka photojournalist ua kaulana. Capa formally koe kekahi kamaaina o Hungary - he Ally o Nazi Germany, a me kaʻenemi ka Anati-Hitlerʻahahui. Eia naʻe, ia mea iloko o ke kaua i ka oihana limahana o ka influential Amelika Magazine LIFE. Ma keia naʻe,ʻo ia komo i loko o ka bloodiest hana o 'Amelika expeditionary koa ma Europe - ma ke awa pae o Ally poʻe hao wale i loko o Noremana.

A laila, i loko o kona puke kaulana "Hidden kuanaʻike" Ua laweʻia e ka oiaio a me ka weliweli kona mälama wehewehena o June 6, makahiki 1944 Robert Capa, oia alakaʻi i loko o ka wahi o ka kaiaulu o ka Noremana kahakai, ia ma ka palapala o ka US koa me ka Omaha Beach kaiaulu. He ua ka mea wale nō kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa ma ka noho pilikia loa wahi o ka pae ana o 'Amelika poʻe hao wale. He Ua malalo i ka weliweli kamepiula kela lua, neʻe pu me na makaainana koa ma lalo o ka weliweli i ke ahi i na kēia kanaka Kelemānia poe me overhanging iuka kiekie.

Capa paʻi kiʻi pū i kekahi mau cassettes ho film, nele e hoopakele ia lakou, mai pōkā, shrapnel a haule i loko o ka wai. A laila, ka mea i kali no ka kŰia: no ka poʻe luna hoʻi o ka technician ua hoikeia ma ka Magazine "Life" ma London hoouna Capa mea, mai Noremana mai, kokoke pau o ka filming i ua nalowale. Malamaia 11 wale pana pua aku makou, i kela iiaie oaoieei mā. Koke iloko o laila ka heluheluʻana, blurry, pūkoʻa ia e hāʻawi aku i nā kiʻi no laila, expressive i ka mea hele a pau o ka honua i ka alakai Media, a ua lilo Classics o For.

Ka oihana "Magnum"

Ka nani kia-kaua o ka loa kaulana US fotohronikera i ke ala o ke ola o Robert Capa hoʻololi. He ua mau hoa me Artists a me nā kākau moʻolelo, au i ka hoea ana ma ka hōʻike hoku. Ke diva loa kaulana o ka manawa - nani loa Ingrid Bergman - ua makaukau e mare ia ia, ina oia aɃe, e hele i loko o kā lākou huakaʻi i loko o ka oihana kaua cii. E like me ka hopena, wawahi ae la i ka mea.

I ka makahiki 1947, ka mea, ua hookumuia Hawaii photo oihana "Magnum", i i alai ai ia e Robert Capa. Classics o For the - Henri Cartier-Beresson, David Seymour, Dzhordzh Rodzher - ka poe i hui me ia, i manao e hana i kekahi alakai hui o Documentary mea paʻi i ke kākau i loko o ke ao nei hanana anywhere me ka mea e pono ai ka pono a me ka māmā nui. Kēia pahuhopu, ua loaʻa, hoʻowahāwahā i ka oihana maluna o pilikia manawa.

War ma hope o ke kaua

Robert Capa, Kawaihae, kiʻi, buke a ua piha i ka mea weliweli, mai nā kula mai o koa kaua, aloha e pana a me ka maluhia o ke ola, loaa ia moʻolelo e na Classics. I ka 1949, kona la e hele ai i ka Soviet Union, ua, he mea kēia e wehe i ka waho omit ka "hao pale".

Akā, i koe aku i ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ke koa photojournalism. Capa hele aku la ia e hele aku i kahi e, kani ana mai i ka pana pua aku makou. I ka 1948, oia uhi i nā hanana o ka kaua hai aku ma ke ¶ʻO'Araba Huipuia a hiki i ka hou State o ka Iseraela.

Hope he reporter Robert Capa i i May 25, 1954 ma Indochina. Ua hōʻike mai ana i 'Amelika koa hele hewa cautiously, ae ho'āʻo ana kahili alanui pauku. Ma kekahi manawa, e lohe auanei oe i ka landmine Naita me ia, i pau ai i ke ola o ka photojournalist kaulana.