No ke aha la Khrushchev hāʻawi Crimea Ukraine? He aha e nā kumu no ka hoohui ia o Crimea i Ukraine?

No ke aha la Khrushchev i ka Crimea? Keia ninau ua noi ma keia la na mea he nui. I e pili ana i nā hanana o nā mahina hou-ia ka 'ilikai, a hoopuni i ka makahiki' ike o nā kaʻao a e pili ana i ka ia kenekoa ona o ka Crimea. No 'Imi ua höʻike pü kaʻao o ka "aliʻi haawina" Nikity Hruscheva. I aku nei au ia i kou poli (a nolaila illegitimate) pāʻoihana i ka Peninsula i Ukraine. A me inā i loko o ka ipu keleawe ikaika o ka USSR waiwai fraternal republics he hoʻokahi wale nō symbolic, a me na kanaka noho olelo - a pau, no ka mea, ua kekahi mau, Soviet. No ka poe i hoihoi i ka mōʻaukala oiaio,ʻaʻole pili kaʻao a, o ka manao o ka a - ka ideological hoaponoia o ko lakou komo ana i ka hana nona iho repubalika o ka Lūkini, lawe mai i ka Ikepili o kumu. E ka maopopo ke kumu Khrushchev haawi Crimea Ukraine, ia mea paha ka mea, ua "hoike aku la" a ina paha o ka "E wehewehe" ka puaʻa.

Kūʻiʻo redrawing republican subordination o ka'āina i loko o ka USSR

Lūkini moʻolelo Ua pinepine haawiia i ka hoolilo ana o Crimea i Ukraine launaʻole hana. E, Khrushchev aloha i kēia'āina, a hoʻohana 'ia i ka lā hoʻomanaʻo o Pereyaslav Council no punahele aupuni "Ua ulu zemelku". I mea, i ka hana o ka hoolilo ana o ka Peninsula a hiki i ka Ukrainian RFSSR aole ana ideological overtones. Ka olelo hooholo i dictated e hoʻokahi wale nō? Aneiai mau noʻonoʻo, waiwai. A ua ka hoolilo ua i ka mea wale nō kekahi. No laila, i ka makahiki 1924, ka Apana Taganrog o Donetsk aina i haawiia ma ke Rusia. He hope lilo i kekahi Apana o ka Rostov māhele. Akā, me ka uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa o ka heluna o ka Apana, o ka oi aku ka poe e noho ana i loko o kua'āina wahi - lāhui Ukrainians. Akā hoʻi i kā mākou Peninsula. No ke aha la Khrushchev hāʻawi Crimea Ukraine? OʻAʻole pono i ka apana o ka aina, ia mea - he a pau-Union ola e akoakoa ai ... Akā, ina ka mea, ua i ka makahiki 1954?

Myth 1 Khrushchev haawi Crimea ke Ukraine

Ma ka 1990s, ma hope o ka'opi o ka Soviet Union, ua olelo no ia. Kekahi Lūkini nā loea kālai'āina i hoala mai ai "ma ka mauna" Crimean pukana. Ka mea, loaʻa-ma-kānāwai o Khrushchev, Alekseya Adzhubeya, a kauoha aku la ia ia, 'oihana kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa, ka' atikala ma muli ma pilikino wawe i o ia mau hanana. He hooko mai i ke kauoha. Akā, he 'atikala ma hope mai "Pehea, a no ke aha la Khrushchev haawi Crimea Ukraine. Memories ma ka haawi kumuhana "ua he disservice i na technologists pili aupuni. E like me ke kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa, i ka makahiki 1954, i ke kulana o kona makua kāne i loko o kānāwai i ka Soviet nohoalii ua loa shaky. O ka holo ana, ia ua ke Kakauolelo mua o ka CPSU Central Komite, akā, i ke aupuni holo no ka Stalinist "Hawk" - Malenkov, Molotov, Kaganovich, Voroshilov, Bulganin. E e hoʻoholo kaumaha, a me ka hoi ka mea hiki ke alakai i ka hoopiiia o ka manao no ka mea ke aupuni 'ê i ka detriment o ka "nui nui hoahānau", ka mea makemake ia i ka hapa o Khrushchev ka loa pōkole-mau maka aku.

Myth 2: Khrushchev Presents Crimea ke Ukraine

E ho'āʻo e paʻi i nā hanana o ia manawa. Crimea, e like me ka mua, ma lalo o ka Nazi ana o ka'āina, nuiʻino wale i ke kaua. Akā, me ka pahu kapu weliweli e noho ana i ke kanaka poho. I ka nui o ka Peninsula i oki ma ka hapalua, a ma ka makahiki 1944, he 780.000 kanaka. Ma kahi o ka hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia a me kanaka waiwai, ka Soviet alakaʻi hoomaka "lāhui hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana." He kanalima tausani kēia kanaka Kelemānia e noho ana ma luna o ka Peninsula, mai ka manawa o Ana II, i hoʻokuke akula i loko o nā lā kakahiaka o ke kaua. A ma hope o ka pauʻana o ko lākou hoʻopaʻi i hai 250 tausani Crimean Tatars, ka poe i hoopiiia o "hoʻi i ke kōkua i ka poʻe komohewa." A me ka ia i deported a me ka lāhui i Bulgarians, Helene, a me ka Armenians Czechs. E like me ka hopena o ka naʻaupō ai kūkulu 'ia o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka Peninsula ka loa haule iho la. E hoala mai au ia ia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mālama '-kaua huahelu, i ke aupuni ao na Aupuni e hoʻolako i ka Ukrainian SSR Peninsula ka wai a me ka ikehu kumu waiwai. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ma laila e loa nele.

Myth 3: Ukrainians hele mai i nā mea a pau gotovenkoe

Ke Soviet aupuni ua hooholo, e hoʻopiha i ka mehameha kae o ka Lūkini nā meaʻeʻe moku ka poe i laweʻano nui, mai ke kūkulu'ākau mai. He nui no ia e noho ana ma ka home o ka deported Tatars, a i "ili" kā lākou mau hale a aina. Waleʻaneʻi na kauwa o ka Volga, a me ka Arkhangelsk palena kumu waina, paka, ua ike nui-ka aila na hua no ka manawa mua loa i loko o koʻu ola. Aʻuala a me ka cabbage hewa pii ma ka arid aniau o ka Crimean. E like me ka hopena o kaʻumi makahiki o "kuʻuna" i ka hoʻokele waiwai 'ana o ke Peninsula i ole loli no ka maikaʻi. Loa nalowale keia lala o ka mahiai me ka hipa. Māla waina ke kanuʻana i hoole mai e he kanahiku pakeneka, a me ka hua o nā mahinaʻai i ke ahiahi, haʻahaʻa ma mua ia o ka hihiu laau. A no ke aha la Khrushchev i ka Crimea Ukraine - mahiʻai mai o ka USSR i maʻa i ka ulu hema ka hua a me ka lau, a me ka climatic kūpono o Kherson a me Odessa māhele mea,ʻaʻole nui okoa mai na steppes a Dzhankoy Simferopol Apana.

prehistory

Akā, pâʻani 'o ia Khrushchev ke kūlana i loko o ka mea ana i ka makahiki 1954, ua he nui kekahi hanana - hui o Crimea i Ukraine. Khrushchev hele mai i ka Peninsula no ka hapalua o ka makahiki mua, i puhiia e ka manao, e kanu palaoa aina o ka Soviet Union. He Ua ukali ia ma-kānāwai, Aleksey Adzhubey. He hoole: "Ua hoʻopuniʻia e ka lehulehu o nā mahiʻai Nikita Sergeyevich. E like me ka halawai ua maoli ka hana, akā,ʻaʻole no ka mooolelo, i ke kamailio ana ua oluolu. Mahiʻai hoohewa i na uala mai i uluʻaneʻi, cabbage, e puhi auanei, intolerable ana. "Mākou i hoopunipuni" - i increasingly lohe mai o ka ahakanaka. I ia ahiahi, Khrushchev hele aku ma Kiev. I ka halawai, ke Mariinsky halealii, oia koi aku i ka Ukrainian alakaʻi, e kōkua i ke ahonui heluna o ka Peninsula. "Aia nele Southerners ka poe i aloha mai ia mahinaʻai, ke kulina, a me ka uala hana ole", - i aku la ia ".

Myth 4: Ka illegitimacy "makana"

Kekahi unscrupulous moʻolelo hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i ka hoolilo ana o Crimea Ukraine, Khrushchev ua wale i ka makana ma ka mea o ka 300th lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka Pereyaslav Rada. A no ka mea, e like me ka hana o ka mokuāhana, mai ka Lūkini Peninsula o ka aina i illegitimate. Nolaila, o keia Crimea ka ka piʻiʻana i Rusia - o ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka mōʻaukala ka pono. Akā, ka mea? E hahai mai iā mākou i nā hanana. Ma September 1953 ka mea, ua hele i ka plenum o ka CPSU. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE theme like - ka moku'āina o ka mahiai. Head o ka Presidium o ka Central Komite a me ka lunahoomalu o ka 'Aha o Kuhina i ka manawa ua G. M. Malenkov. Ia mea ma keia halawai ana ka mea i hooholoia, e hoolilo i ka Ukrainian Peninsula, mahope mai o ka hoʻokele waiwai Crimean , a no laila, i mua lawa noniakahi i Ukrainian. Eono pule ma hope, ma ka hopena o October 1953, i ka olelo hooholo a ka Central Komite pane Crimean 'āina' Komite. He hele mai ia me ka kūpono "Initiative mai lalo nei." Ma ka hooilo o 1953-1954. alakai aku ia mālama nui ideological hana. Like i loko o ka Soviet Union i kekahi mea me ka hōʻuluʻulu i ideological kumu, ka mea i hoʻoholo e coincide me ka hoololiia ana o ka Peninsula ma ke kaikuahine repubalika i kekahi lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka Ukrainian kanaka, e hui pu ana me Rusia. I ka halaʻana o ka "Crimean pukana" ma luna o nā mea a pau loio he nui, Pepeluali 19, 1954 a hiki i ka Mokuna kekahi hanana. Ka Presidium o ka USSR Aha Kukamalu ua hoʻoholo like aponoia ke kānāwai ma luna o ka hoolilo kahi, mai ka Lūkini a hiki i ka Ukrainian Soviet republics. Eia hoi, ua hookupaa iho la ia keia olelo hooholo wale nō i loko o April 1954. No ia mea, ke hōʻike i i ka Khrushchev haawi Crimea i Ukraine, Ua superficial a me Hawaiʻi nei pololei ole.

Kanawai o ka hoolilo

Ma ke kupulau o ka makahiki 1954 i hoomaka ai e hele mai i ka Peninsula, a noho mai Ukraine - Kiev, Chernigov a me ka hema wahi. Nā hualoaʻa hiki ke ike no na makahiki elima i hala. Kanal hookuu i ka wai, mai Dnieper i kūkulu. Kēia nenoaio i? Ioaiey ua 'ae' e lawe mai mahiai Peninsula i maikai ke ano. Ukrainian SSR, e paʻa ana i ke ao nei ka loihi trolleybus laina, ua kūkuluʻia ka mea i hōkaiʻia i ke kaua, Sevastopol, e hoala mai i ka hoʻokele waiwai 'ana o ke hehi Crimea. Keia ua ike ia e ka Soviet nūpepa o ia manawa - e nana ma ka wa kahiko KA WAIHO 'ANA. No laila, i ka ninau e pili ana i ke kumu Khrushchev haawi Crimea i Ukraine, mea hoʻokahi wale nō kālai'āina. Mōʻaukala e olelo ka mea, he uuku okoa ma mua o ke kālā no TV.