O ka'aminoʻakika residues i i kukuluia lātoma?

O ka'aminoʻakika residues o kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma i kūkulu. Oia polymers mea kiʻekiʻe hakakino kūlohelohe mea. Ua Ua haku o ka Nine Inch hehee wale e like me ke kalapona, eia hydrogen, oxygen, naikokene manawa. Ke nukelea nāʻakika i phosphorus, a me ka hapa o na nā polokina pihaʻi me ka luaipele.

mall hiʻona

Mai ka'aminoʻakika residues o ka lātoma i kūkulu o ka kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma, ka mea, i ke kiʻekiʻe pili hakakino nuipa a. Ka mea, i kapaʻia makropolimerami. E like me examples o haʻahaʻa hakakino ke kaupaonaʻana i huiʻia nā waiʻona mai ke kino, carboxylic nāʻakika, nucleotides, monosaccharides,'amino nāʻakika.

macromolecules

Ua Ua kūkuluʻia o ka'aminoʻakika residues o ka lātoma nā polokina e pono ai no ka nui oihana o ola meaola. Ma awelika, kona hoahanau hakakino nuipa a ua poe ma ka laulā, mai kekahi mau tausani i ka miliona. Ma nā lātoma o kumuʻiʻo i huiʻia, nukelea nāʻakika, polysaccharides hilahila i kekahi dala o ka hou huahelu.

Monomers kapaia ano nā lātoma i ke kumu no ka ho okumu ana o pīlali nā lātoma. I nā lātoma i kukuluia mai'amino nāʻakika? Ke pane i keia ninau mea maʻa i ke kula kiʻekiʻe haumāna i kekahi. Lātoma no ia mea i ka'amino nāʻakika. No ka polysaccharides pono monosaccharides, a me nucleotides mea e pono ai no ka hana o ka nukelea nāʻakika.

Meaning o biopolymers

Pela, ua kūkulu ka'aminoʻakika residues kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma e hana mau oihana. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka hana o ko lākou kuleana pili i. Ua apono 'oe, e kūkulu kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma mea i ho'ākāka' ia i kekahi kanaka ola meaola. Eia hou kekahi, kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma - he kumu o ka ikehu, a no ia mea, nā polokina nā kela la i keiaʻai. Ma na keena i kakauiaʻi maluna Oko a ka mńlamalama o ke aloha i huiʻia. No ka mea he nui, no na holoholona wehewehe aku ma ka predominance o lipids a me nā polokina i ka mea kanu, a - he lawa nui o carbohydrates.

O ka'aminoʻakika residues o ka holoholona kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma i kūkulu. Oia "pohakulepo" i mea amphoteric Nine Inch hui i ka hooponopono ia ma ke kumuʻiʻo lātoma i loko o ka kekahi kaʻina. Currently he mea 'ike e pili ana i ke ola ana o ka elua haneri'amino nāʻakika, akā, no ka ho okumu ana o maoli ai' ia nā polokina i hoʻohana he iwakalua wale no ia. Ka mea, i kapaʻia ka kumuʻiʻo-ho okumu i. No ka laʻana, nā polokina hiki e? Ieoaeunoai interlaces o alanine, leucine, lysine, asparticʻakika, valine, methionine, glutamine, threonine. Ma ka ninau o ke'aminoʻakika residues a i kukulu lātoma, nā haumāna haawi examples o ka holoholona kumuʻiʻo.

Hiʻona o ka Nine Inch 'ole

Ke'amino nāʻakika i mea hiki ke ho okumu i kekahi macromolecule, he'amino pae a me ka carboxyl pūʻulu palapala hoopaa i kekahi kalapona'Ātoma. He kēia hiʻona hiehie i ka luna helu. Ke'aminoʻakika residues oko i loko o ka haku mele 'ana o ka'ano'ē. Ua hiki e hydrophilic paha hydrophobic, Polar a ole-Polar, a haawi mai no ka hana i ho'ākāka 'waiwai o ka'amino nāʻakika.

Ke bulk o ka'amino nāʻakika hiki ke ho okumu i proteinaceous lātoma inā paʻa kekahi carboxyl pae (i loko o kona haku mele 'ana ma laila nō hydroxyl a me ka carbonyl)'amino pae a me kekahi, pela ka mea i manaoia me'ākilikai nā lātoma.

Aia nā kumu o'amino nāʻakika me kekahi mau'amino pūʻulu, e like meʻakika'amino nāʻakika, i ua haku o kekahi o ka carboxyl pūʻulu. No ka laʻana, luaipele nā'ātoma ma ka lātoma ka cysteine.

hoʻololi kemikala koho

Autotrophic meaola synthesize'amino nāʻakika mai'okanikaʻole naikokene-i loaʻa ka waiwai, a no nā huahana o kāʻamaʻai.

Heterotrophic meaola i hoʻohana like me ka iniiaiie ai kumu o ka'amino nāʻakika. E like me kekahi hapa o na kanaka kino ua synthesized mai ka'aminoʻakika nā huahana o ka pūnao. Ia mau hui i manaoia interchangeable. E like me ke kahi o ka nui'amino nāʻakika incapable synthesized i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, ka hoʻohana 'ana i kekahi mau ai. He aha nāʻakika i kapaia nui i kekahi kanaka? Kēia lysine, phenylalanine, leucine, valine, isoleucine, tryptophan, methionine. No ke kino i ke keiki ka loaʻa nō nā nui'amino nāʻakika: histidine a me ka arginine.

Mai'amino nāʻakika i amphoteric i huiʻia, ka mea i wehewehe aku e kiʻekiʻe reactivity. Ma waena o kekahi'aminoʻakika a me ka carboxyl pae o ka lua o lātoma 'ano apau loa i ka Nine Inch hoopaa, i kapaʻakika'amino (amide) hoopaa.

E like me ka hopena o ia ka Nine Inch naoh produces he lainaʻakika'amino 'ole. Kekahiʻaoʻao o ka mea hou i huiia mai ka'amino pae, a me ka lua o ka mai he noa carboxyl pae. Oia 'ole apono' dipeptide pāʻani aku me nā nā lātoma,'amino nāʻakika, ho okumu i polypeptide hui.

ka hopena

Nā peptides i ka pau nui no kanaka ola. Polypeptides i loko o kā lākou 'ole e toxins, antibiotics, e like me kekahi hormones. Polypeptide nā kaula hao i ka haku o nā tausani o ka'amino nāʻakika hoonohonoho i loko o ka maopopo kaʻina. Inā e haku o ka kumuʻiʻo macromolecules wale ka'aminoʻakika residues, ua kapaia lakou he poe noonoo ole ka mea.

Inā ka 'ole o ke kumuʻiʻo lātoma mea ole wale'aminoʻakika eiiiiiaiou, akā, i nā cations o ka hao, manganese, kiniki, pulapula o ke, nucleotides, lipids, ma keia hihia i ka lātoma ua kapaia luna' nā polokina. Like, he pono ole alodio kumuʻiʻo kaʻawale fibrin, koko albumins, nā'ūhū.

Complex kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma loaʻa nā mea'aʻaʻa (immunoglobulins) nā'ūhū. Aia mau eha ke ano o ka mall hui o ke kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma. Helu 'ole o ka laina kaʻina o ka'aminoʻakika residues e pili ana ma kaʻakika'amino (amide) paa.

Ua hoʻoholo i ka mana, ka waiwai, e like me ke ano o ke kumuʻiʻo. Ma ke kumu o ka iniiaiie hale a ho okumu okoa wale nō nā hale. Kela a me keia meaola i kona mau hanana iniiaiie 'ole, a hana i kekahi mau pilikia no ka hoʻololi kemikala. No ka laʻana, pilikia e ala aʻeʻoe i loko o ke koho ana i mea lāʻau lapaʻau Luna no kekahi kanaka.