Owai la ka mea ike i ka kŰia o ka laholio vulcanization, a me ka aha ka ia?

Owai la ka mea ike i ka kŰia o ka laholio vulcanization,ʻaʻole pau ike. Oiai ka inoa o keia kanaka pinepineʻia i loko o nā hoʻolaha. Kona inoa ua Charles Nelson Goodyear, a me keia la i kona inoa, "i" kaulana momoku ahi papale hainaka. Me kona komo, "Indian laholio" (laholio) ke ole i loaa ia ia he ākea ana, 'ole. I, Ua ua pono he gimmick, hookahi lawe mai mai Amerika. No ka nui makahiki, Charles alakaʻi nui ho okolohua me kekahi hui pu iaʻi laholio eiiiiiaiou (mai ka hua pisetakia iʻawahia kiniki'okesaside), oiai i ka makahiki 1839 ka makahiki ua ole wehe ma ka haku mele 'ana o ka waiwai me ka luaipele.

He aha ka ka laholio vulcanization kaʻina hana? Mai ka viewpoint o kemika - he'ōlewa laholio hui nā lātoma i ka ekolu-dimensional māhele maka aha type, me ka transverse Nine Inch paa ana i 'ano pohihihi keia. Ka hope waiwai e leie aku papale hainaka, e noho i ka ia nui'ōlewa, pehea loaʻa nō maoli laholio, mai i ka mea, ua i.

I laholio vulcanization ka maka aha hiki ke loaa ma lalo kiʻekiʻe ana wela a me ka pāhawewe, a me ka hoi ana ka wā kūikawā Nine Inch hope paha. E like me ka rula, no kaʻoki kino hoʻohana kūikawā huahelu e like ieoaeunoai, ka pahu kui mōlina machines, lua kaomi waina, autoclaves, shaper-vulcanizers a me coolants (mai ka wela mahu i ka uila paio hahana maoli nō).

Ke hoola iho la mahana o ka maka laholio hiki e kokoke like ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ae o ka huahana hope loa. A Classic huahelu mea mai ka 130 a hiki i 200 kekelē Kelekia ma, eia nae laholio ka paleʻana a me adhesives kekahi manawa hoola iho la i mehana ea (ma 20 degere, ke "anu vulcanization"). Waiwai konohiki i loa e lauwili no ka haawiia mai kaʻina. Loa pinepine lawe sulfuric vulcanization, e leie aku e loaa i ka diene rubbers hoʻohana i loko o Turo manufacturing a me ka laholio kamaa. Eia hou, ua hoʻokani a Mānoa ano nui i ma ka ai-kapaia "boosters" (no ka mea hope 'ano o ke kaʻina), ia meaʻano nui sulfonamides a hookomoia TIZOL.

Hot vulcanization o ka laholio i ke mālama 'ia i loko o ka loa pōkole manawa ina e komo na boosters i loko o ka Nine Inch kaʻina: dithiocarbamates, a me xanthates. Ma keia hihia i ka hana i wahi hoʻomaka koke i ka wela o ka ma kahi o 110-125 degere. No ka hoola iho la i ka adhesives a me kekahi latex Blend haʻahaʻa Mahana O Ke Kai (20 a hiki i 100 degere) ka wā hoʻohana paʻakai dimethyldithiocarbamate hiki ke hoʻohana.

Hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka vulcanization o ka laholio kākoʻo' ona (oligoester acrylates, peroxides, phenol kēpau, etc.) Hiki i ke kiʻi me nā huahana me kiʻekiʻe wela ia'ku, monolithic, hou dielectric waiwai. Ua mea no hoi i ka hope kūlana ma ke kahua o ka huahana (mai nā kapuwaʻi o nā kamaʻa puki i Jewelry), antioxidants (hula hooloihiia ke ola laholio) a me plasticizers, hiki e emi i ka (viscosity) o ka waiwai i loko o ka lapaau, a me ka uku o ka "holoiia".