Potr Nikolaevich Krasnov: Kawaihae a me na hana

Petr Nikolaevich Krasnov - pohihihi keia, a ua makemake, e pono ke kūʻai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ka holomua'ōwili pūʻia oʻoʻoleʻa hoʻoponopono o ke ano, e hoike ana i kekahi kukui koa' oihana, a me ka makakū ano, i hoʻohana 'ia e lilo i ka lawe i ike kākau moʻolelo. Wa i koa na mea e like me ia i hoomaopopo ia, alakai aku la ia i loko o ke pio, kahi a kona mau palapala, ai 'tālena ulu.

Ka wā moʻolelo

Pōkole Kawaihae Petra Krasnova hiki e hoike ia ma kekahi mau hua'ōlelo - ke aliʻi, i ka oihana koa a me ka ikaika, maopopo leʻa "White neʻe" a me ka emigration, he erroneous auhau o ka Nazis a me ka make. Akā, ma waena o kēia mau koko milestones o ka 20th kenekulia, ka poe i lawe i ke kanaka ola ma kekahi aoao o ka barricades, i reshapes ka pau Hui Pūʻia a me nā lāhui kanaka, kela mea keia mea o na i komo aku la iho ola. A ma ka iwakalua kenekulia ola ua urgently koi 'ia mai ke kanaka e hana i ka maikai loa. Petr Nikolaevich Krasnov, e keia i waeʻia, hoʻokahi houʻana,ʻo ia i noho ma ka pono a hiki i ka hopena.

Family laau

Alii Pyotr Krasnov, nona Kawaihae Ua piha ka'ālohilohi hanana, i hānauʻia ma St. Petersburg i ka 1869, oia mea he hereditary Don Cossack, a no ia i ka loa kaulana Cossack ohana Vyoshenskaya kauhale, a ua aia ma ka'ākau hapa o Rostov māhele. Ma waho aʻeo ia hereditary talena no koaʻepekema, kaʻohana hoike a me ka palapala, ai 'talena. Ke kahiko St. Petersburg Krasnovs ka mua kuhina o ka peni lilo i kupuna kāne Pyotr Nikolayevich - Ivan Ivanovich. He kaua i loko o ka Caucasus, a me ka noho luna ana o ka Cossack huahelu o ka imperial halepaahao. Krasnov kupuna kāne kakau iho la poetry, like hoʻi me mōʻaukala a me ka yoiia? Hana, no ka mea hoike, i ka "Grassroots a ana Cossacks," "Little Lūkini ma ka Don", "Don Cossacks ma ka Caucasus" a me na mea e ae.

Makua Nikolai Ua hoʻopiʻi 'ia Lutanela Nui ma ka Cossack hao wale. No emi kaulana, a ua i ke kolu o ka hanauna. He mau hoahanau Peter Nikolaevich i mōʻaukala. Andrei ua he kaulana nä känaka 'epekema biologist-botanist a me ka hele. Platon Nikolaevich hana ma ke kākau 'ana, ka mea, ua i loko oʻauhau'ēʻaʻe kinship me Alexander Blok -ʻo ia i lawe ai i ka makuahine o ka haku mele kaulana Ana Beketova-Krasnova, i kākau moʻolelo.

makahiki o ka like

I kona makahiki 11, ia i hōʻike 'ia ma ka First St. Petersburg High School. Aʻo mai i ka lima o ka papa, hele aku la ia i koa aʻo i loko o ka Alexander Cadet mau pūʻali. Ka mua pae o ka oihana hoʻonaʻauao ' ana a me ke ano o ka Hope-Makai, i 19 makahiki, oia ua ana pau i ka oihana kula mua o Pavlovsk. nā hualoaʻa kāʻia e ka poʻe no ka maikaʻi loa i kona inoa i komo i loko o ke gula palapala ma luna o ka pōhaku keʻokeʻo slab.

Ua ua ikeia e ia i komo i ka Academy o ka General Staff, akā, ma muli o kaʻilihune holo nei i ua hooiaioia ma ka makahiki kula. Aka, i kona makahiki 39, oia puka 'o ia mai ke kula lio luna.

Ka hoʻomaka o kona mau koa 'oihana

Koa hana Petr Nikolaevich Krasnov, hoomaka ae la na makahiki he iwakalua i loko o ka papa o ke koreneta ka wā āna i hāʻawi ai i ka Ataman regiment hooilina Tsarevich. A makahiki ma hope, ua hoʻolālā i loko o ka regiment. I ka 1897, ma Abyssinia (e Ethiopia) huli ana i ka Lūkini kalaiaina mikiona, ke convoy i i alai ai e Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich, kona Kawaihae mea, mai keia manawa piha o kela mea lahaʻole wahi o ka Honua a me ka hiki ole Ke Kai o ka make.

A makahiki ma hope,ʻo ia i ka pilikia hoʻololi i ka hoki i loko o ke kūlanakauhale i loko o ka hikina ńkau o Aferika, e haawi i ka pepa, a laila, i ka mea uuku huikau ala i St. Petersburg. Keia hele ana luna pā hale nui kona kaulana, a lawe mai la kekahi mau hoʻolilo 'ia': i ka Papa Hanohano o Stanislaus lua degere, luna i kela kapa o kaʻAitiopa hoku o ke kolu o ke degere a me ka Papa Hanohano o ke Legeona o Hoʻohanohano o Farani.

Ka mua ho'āʻo ma ke kākau 'ana

Kona mua hana Petr Nikolaevich Krasnov hoomaka hoolaha ana i ka makahiki o ka 22 makahiki. Kona fiction a me ka mea ma luna koa kumumanaʻo hoomaka ae la e hōʻike mau i loko o nā nūpepa a me nā Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke. Ma 'ana, i waena o ka mea mua o kana mau hana a hiki ke hōʻike' ia puke me "ka moana wai", "Ataman Platov" a me na mea e ae. I hoʻolaʻaʻia lā i kona ola loa koa ala, oia a me kana mau hana invariably hoala mai i ka oihana koa theme, kamailio e pili ana i ka Don Cossacks ola hiʻona. A, o ka papa, nui romanticized.

Kona hoʻomanaʻo i kaʻApelika Waena huakaʻi i loaʻa i ka poetic nō palapala. Ma hope o kona hoʻi, kākau iholaʻo ia koke mau puke: "Ka Cossacks ma Africa:. Diary o ka Luna Nui o ka Lūkini imperial convoy nuʻukia ma Abyssinia i ka 1897 - 1898gg" ". Love Abyssinian a me nā moʻolelo" A

Kona hoi mai Africa, lawe Lydia Fedorovna GruÈneisen Russianised kaikamahine o State Councilor.

Service i mālama '-hoʻokahuli aupuni Rusia

Ma waho aʻeo i pololei komo i loko o hostilities, Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich, he pōkole Kawaihae a ua hele mai iʻaneʻi, ua pinepine ae hana e like me ka kaua correspondent. Ma keia naʻe,ʻo ia komo i loko o ke kualua kipi ma Kina, maikaiʻikeʻia me ke kualua kipi, a i wahi, mai 1898 a hiki i 1901 makahiki. A lailaʻo ia i hoouna ia Manchuria, Kina, India, a Japan e noiʻi i nā 'ano o ko lākou ola.

He i hoʻopaʻa pepa paʻi kiʻi i nā hanana o ka Lūkini-Japanese confrontation 1904 - 1905gg. E like me ke koa i ua hookoia kekahi mau hōʻailona o ka hoʻokaʻawale: i ka Papa Hanohano o St. Anna o ka ha o ka iho a me St. Vladimir o ka ha o ka degere. Ka Emperor Rotehama II ikamu loaʻa i ka mooolelo o ka mea ma luna o Ianuari 3, 1905, ma ke poo o ka moku'āina wehewehe pehea kona, a he wahi lihi iki o ka hana hoihoi nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i ke kaua. He hana ia me na Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke "kaua helu kuhi henua", "Scout" a me na mea e ae.

Ma hope o ke kaua, hoomaka ae la oia e mahuahua loa hoʻomaka koke i loko o ka hana. I ka 1906, ua hoʻopiʻi 'ia ka luna o nā haneri Ataman Regiment, he makahiki hope - Captain, hope - poe kaua makai. I ka 1910, ua loaa mai i ke ano o ka colonel. A makahiki ma hope, ua hoonohoia ka mea, e kauoha aku i ka Siberian mua, a laila, Don Cossack Regiment.

Ma ia laua, ka mea, ua ulu loa 'Imi, a me kana mau palapala, ai' 'oihana. Ke'ī mai, ma ka Japanese War, oia paʻi i ka mōʻaukala puke "Ka Year o ke Kaua. 14 mahina i ke kaua: (essay) ma luna o ka War Lūkini-Japanese "a me nā hana o ka ia kaila patriotic moʻokalaleo. Eia hou, i palapala mai a me ka noʻeau mea. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ana ka mea, ua hua mai la i oi aku mamua o 600 kekahi mau hana e like me ka publicist, a me ka noʻeau a me ka mōʻaukala mua o OkatobaʻOiʻenehana.

First World War, aʻOiʻenehana

I ka hoomaka ana o ke kaua, ua hoouna aku la ia i ka luna o ka regiment ma August 1914 ma ka Hikina Prussia. A me ekolu mahina ma hopeʻo ia i hoʻopiʻi 'ana i ke ano o ka nui loa, a hahao i loko oʻoihana o ka First Brigade o ka Don Cossack, laila, ka Haole Native lio Māhele. I ka Ia manawaʻo ia i kumu kāki i ke St. George mau i na mea kaua. Ma May 1915, ua hookoia i ka Papa Hanohano o St. George i ka ha o ke degere no ka holomua hakakā ana i loko o ka wahi o ka Dniester River, ma ka mea, ua hiki ia i kāpaeʻia i ka Austrians hoʻi ma ka muliwai. I ka 1916, ua seriously eha.

Noho i ka manawa a ka mea mua o Feberuari 1917 kipi, ma ka fronts o ke kaua, ke Cossack luna, General Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich ia i ka mua coup kekahi henua, a negatively loiloi i nā hana o ke Aupuni Kūikawā. Ma kālai'āina, ia ia i komo. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia i kekahi o ka mea mau i kākoʻo Aleksandr Kerensky ma hope o ka Bolshevik kipi. Once i loko o ka lima o ka Bolsheviks, a laila holo akula i ka Don, kahi ia i alakaʻi i ka ia'ku e kū'ē i ka Cossacks. Like chieftain Grand Don Army,ʻo ia i hana oia i kuikahi me ka Emperor o Germany Wilhelm II. Akā, Germany ka make, kena ae la ia ia, e haʻalele i ka manaʻo o Don-Caucasus Union. ae aku oia e hele i ka piha subordination o Anton Denikin, e hoʻohui me kona hana manawaleʻa Army. I ka 1919 Denikin, Krasnov puʻe wale akula kēlā e haʻalele no ka ideological a me ka mau oko ao.

Hoʻomaopopo i ka mea i hou paʻa aku i kekahi mea i loko o Rusia, haʻalele Rusia, a papani iho la i loko o Estonia ma ka akau-Western Army Nui Nikolai Yudenich. He lilo i ke poo o ka poe koa, "Neva palena" nupepa. Kona hoʻoponopono i kaulana i loko o ka Lūkini kākau moʻolelo Alexander Kuprin.

emigration

I ka 1920, ua emigrated i Hawaii, ekolu makahiki ma hope, ua neʻe akula ia Farani. Ma kēlā mau makahiki, e wehewehe i ka nalu mua o ka emigration. I likeʻole koʻikoʻi a hanohano o ka helu nui o expatriate luna lawe i ka inoa "White Rusia", Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich hoomakaʻeleu kālai'āina a me ka pilina hana. He Ua hana pū 'ana me nā papa hana pili i ka Lūkini emigration, a me ka Lūkini All-Koa Union. Eia hou, oia ua he lâlâ o ka Higher Kukakuka Malu o ke aupuni mō'ī. He, me ka maikai, hana me kekahi o na Mamua o ka "launa hoahanau o Russian Make". Ua neʻe alakaʻi kaʻeleu subversion ma Soviet Rusia. Naʻe, ka mea ma hope, ua hoʻomaka ihola i ka 'ole i kope noho mana ana ma ka State Kalaiaina Keʻena Luna (GPU) o ka NKVD.

Kekahi o na luna o ka White neʻeʻana i manaoia Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich, i kona mau buke, he lā mahalo, a paʻiʻia i loko o English, Palani, Kelemānia, Lūkini a me nāʻEulopa 'ōlelo. No ka oi ma mua o iwakalua makahiki o ka noho ana i loko o ke pio,ʻo ia i paʻiʻia ma kahi o 40 mau puke. hiki e hookoaia mawaena o lakou i ka pau, he Fantasy puke e pili ana i ka Russian Bolshevik wā e hiki mai "Over na puakala." Eia hou, oia paʻi i ka puke, ka moʻolelo pono'ī nova iho i ka eha māhele me ke kuleana "Mai ka aeto i ka ula hae."

World War II

Makani 'Ataman Pyotr Krasnov hoʻoholo ihola i ka Mahele o ke Kaua Honua, a ua hana pū' ana me ka Nazis. I ka 1943 Ua waihoʻo ia i loko o ke kauoha Main Keʻena o Cossack Koa ma Germany. Ma hope o ke kaua,ʻo ia hookuu mai ai ia i ka Beritania, akā, hana iho la lakou i ka poʻokela Soviet koa alakaʻi. Ka Aha Kiekie o ka Soviet Rusia i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka make ma ka kau. He He 77 makahiki.