Salavat Yulaev: Kawaihae o ka meʻe (pōkole)

Name Salavat Yulaev - kekahi o nā hōʻailona loa kaulana o Bashkortostan. Kēia aupuni meʻe ua lilo ka e ka paio no ku okoa ana a me kekahi o na personalities loa poʻokela o ke kua'āina kaua alakaʻiʻia Pugachev.

ohana

I ka 1754 Salavat Yulaev i hānau i loko o Orenburg mokuna. Kawaihae o ke kanaka ua hoʻopili i kona hanau kauhale Tekeeva. I ko kakou manawa i i ola mahope aku o keia ana, no ka mea, i luku ai i ka wa Pugachevshchina poʻe hao wale o Ana II.

Salavat hele mai, mai ka 'ohana kaulana, kona mau lala e noho likeʻole'ōnaehana kulana (e like, Tarhan), e like me ka pono i komo i loko o mua uprisings ku ei ka Lūkini Aupuni.

ka makua kāne ke keiki o ua Yulai Aznalin. He i ka maikaʻi 'oihana i loko o ke kaua. He malama no ia i ka lunahaneri, a ua kipa Poland, kahi āna i kaua aku i loko o ka Bar Confederation, ka mea e ole makemake Lūkini puʻe ma Rzeczpospolita. I ka 1766 Yulai hoi aku la i ka hale, a ua hoʻopiʻi 'ia Makai County. He ua kuleana no ka malama ana mea i ano nui i kau aku au ma o ke alanui e alakai ana i Siberia.

Kue Bashkirs a me nā luna

Ka ohana Salavat ole me kue i na luna, a me ka peacetime. No laila, me kona makua kāne olelo pale hihia oia lōʻihi me ka kūloko ona o na nā hale hana, a lawe aku la i ka aina, mai ka Bashkirs poe noonoo ole. Ma ka XVIII kenekulia ka Ural ua o Laielohelohe i ka noonoo ana o ka ākeaʻano o Manufacturers, e kūkulu lākou pāʻoihana a me ka ae ana o ke kikowaena aupuni. Hana hale i haalele Simsk a holo-Ivanovsky nā hale hana ho'āʻo e hoʻonele i nā kanaka o ko lākou'āina. A laila, Yulai hele i ke kiaaina, akā, ua hikiʻole, e hoomalu aku i ka hoa kanaka hoʻokahi. Ma ka 'aha hoʻokolokolo mea i ka losing aoao i e uku 600 rubles. Mau hihia i ole hoʻoikaika 'ana ma waena o Lūkini, a Bashkir.

Makua loa E ke Kumu heluhelu a me ke kākauʻana, akā, uaʻike nōʻo ia kona nui. No laila,ʻo ia Hoopaa loa ia 'ōlelo a kāna keiki aʻo, a aʻo i ka heluhelu, a kākau. Salavat i hoala i ka manao o ke aloha no ka motherland a me ka wa ana i kona poe kanaka. I ka Ia manawa i kauoha maikai o Lūkini Bashkir 'ōlelo, i ka oi loa pono ia ia ia ma hope, i ka wā āna i kaua aku poʻohiwi i ka'ūhā mua a me nā Cossacks.

Ka lono o ka Pugachev kipi

I ka 1772, i ka Volga māhele 'āina a me nā Urals i na lono i ka mua Emperor Peter III ola ma hope o ka lōʻihi paa, a' ohi i ka poʻe hao wale, e • loaʻa hou i ka noho aliʻi. I ke kanaka ua nae Emelyan Pugachev - uhu Don Cossack adventurer. Mōʻaukala o Rusia, ua ike i ka hailona o imposters. No ka laʻana, ma ka Time o pilikia, ke aupuni waikahe ma crooks i kapa iho Tsarevich Dmitry - ke keiki a Ivana Groznogo. I ka mua o ia i kauoha aku e paʻa Moscow (aole nae i me ke kōkua o Polish dala a me ka poʻe kaua). ole wahahee Dmitry kekahi poe e ae no ka laki.

Pugachev kekahi koho koke ihola nō ia me kona "hooiaio ana." Ma na 70s, a ma na Urals, a me ka Volga māhele maturely eha ma ka naau a me na Aupuni. A ka mea i haawi i waena o nāʻano nohona strata. i makemake ole Serfs e waiho mai me kona hemahema o ka mana i pili i nā kaukaualiʻi, ka mea i hiki ke hoʻohana i like expendable. Eia hou, i ole ae i poe kauwa e hiki hoopii i ka mea nona, a lanakila iho la, a hiki ma ke kānāwai - Ana kūikawā manao.

I mea e hoʻomōhala i ka hana i loko o nā Urals, pono mākou Manpower. No laila, koke ma mua o ka Pugachev puka i kauoha aku e like me ka mea a ka pakaua manawa i ka hana ole wale ma luna o ka honua haku hale, akā, no hoi, e kūkulu i ka hola. Ka mea, i kapaʻia Gornozavodsk kauwa.

Ua olioli ole a me ke aupuni 'ê nona ka pono i infringed ma luna o ka lokomaikaʻi o industrialists. Salavat Yulayev, kona Kawaihae e leie mai, e ike i ka mea i hina ma lalo o kēia hōʻike, ua mawaena o ka poe i makemake ole e waiho mai me kēia moku'āina o ka mea mau.

Eia hoi, Pugachev hilinaʻi ma Cossacks. Akä naÿe i na kauwa, ka mea, ua i maoli koa ikaika. Lākou a pau ke ola i lilo ma ke kaua a me ka hana ma ka mokuna. Ua ua me ka Cossacks Pugachev hoomaka ae la kona koa kai eʻe ma luna o ke aupuni. Ma September 1773, ua hoopilikiaia Orenburg i - ka nui kūlanakauhale i loko o ka māhele 'āina.

Salavat pili ana i kipi

Yulai Aznalin ma ka aoao o ke kiaaina houluulu ai i ka poe o ka tausani kanaka, e hoouka aku i ke kipi. Ua Ua alai ai e Salavat Yulaev (ka mea, ua 19). Kona Kawaihae mai nei i ke kanaka'ōpiopio i i ike i ka kaua mea, e like me ke keiki i lawa nā mākau e lilo i kinai maikai. Ma ka hoʻokokoke mai Orenburg i, oia hoʻoholo ihola e hele ma i kaʻaoʻao o Pugachev. I keia manawa Peter III, allegedly alakaʻi i kaʻeleu kai eʻe. I konaʻo Samuel ia i kuhikuhi mai i ka hewa uchinyat na'lii a me industrialists. Oia rhetoric i kanawai. Pugachev neʻe ole wale Salavat Yulayev, a me kona aoao, akā, i kona makua kāne. He hele mai i kāna keiki i loko o nā lā hope o 1773.

brigadier Pugacheva

He aha ka oi hai ana Kawaihae Salavat Yulaev? Pōkole kai eʻe i loko o ka mea ana i komo (kaua Hoomau iho la lakou a pau makahiki), i kona inoa make ole, eia nae mea nui koena o kona olaʻana, ua lilo i loko o ke pio. Ma mua mau makamaka, me Pugachev Bashkirs hukihuki lakou i ka hoolohe chieftain. He ua kekahi o na kumu nui kuhikuhipuʻuone a "o ke alii," a ua kauoha ia koa hana.

Total Salavat Yulaev Kawaihae i kāna moʻolelo o nā ōlaʻi i o kaua. Ka hapa nui o ia mai ai i loko o ka Urals. No ka laʻana, ka mea, ua noa lā Katavsky a me Simsk mea kanu, no ka mea, o ka a kona makua kāne i litigation me ke kula. Where ka uprising ua pololei ai ka ikaika, e like me ka mea kūloko heluna inaina konohiki a me industrialists.

Salavat lanakila ka hapanui o ko lākou mau kaua. Eia naʻe, e like me ka manawa o ka make, ka mea, ua hiki ia kń i ka poho. He ua hiki i ka manawa e hookaawale ia poʻe hao wale, mai ka lāʻau i mea ole, e kaumaha aku na ola o ko lākou mau hoa. 'O kēia ka moʻoleloʻohana o Salavat Yulayev. A manawa pōkole kaua i aʻo mai iā ia nā kaʻa mokulele. He ike pehea e lawe ka lanakila o ka mea ia i mauna'āina o ka Urals.

Kekahi o na kumu nui pomaikai i ka hopu ana o ka luna o ke kulanakauhale Kungur, ma hope i loaa ia ia i ke ano o ka brigadier a mau. loa mea i hoʻomaopopo ai ia Pugachev. Naʻe, koke i pio ma hope e loaa ana kekahi mau make ai ma luna o ke aupuni poʻe hao wale o ka chieftain. A laila, Bashkirs hoʻoholo ole, e haawi mai a me ka hoʻomau i ka uprising i loko o kona aupuni. Ma keia paio mea he manawa pōkole Kawaihae o Salavat Yulayev. Ka mea nui wale kaua Empress i ka manawa ua i loko o ka Volga māhele 'āina. Poe koa, i, e lawe mai i ke koe nō e hoʻolilo i ka'ōlelo kipi. About ikaika a me ke koa Bashkir wahi a kekahi Kawaihae Salavat Yulaev ma Russian.

Make a me ka hoʻoluhi

I ka pau ana o November 1774 na koa aupuni e hoʻokele i loaa i ka hoʻonāwaliwaliʻia paukū, alakaʻiʻia Salavat Yulaev. Kawaihae o ka meʻe mai nei i kona ola i kekahi hana keaka huli. He Ua hopuia, a ua ma lalo o ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana. 'Aʻole i lōʻihi ma mua Salavatʻohana i hopuia, a e kali ana, ae hoʻopaʻaʻia. Yulai Aznalin i haʻalele, me ka manao e hoola i kana keiki. I ka make ana o ka Bashkir kipi ma ka Siberian alanui i kekahi o na Episode hope o ke kua'āina kaua, eia nae kona kaʻawaleʻekeʻeke hoomau e smolder a i ke kauwela o 1775.

Mua, ka makua a me ke keiki i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka hoopai ana i ka mea hahau, a kuni. Ma October 1775 ka mea i hoouna mai ai i mau loa kaupaʻa. Place o ke pioʻana i ka pā kaua Baltic Rogervik i loko o kēia Estonia. Ua laweia mai Convicts i loko o ka huakaʻi ma ka aina, a me ma Moscow.

Ma ka hou o ka wahi e noho ai, ua lilo i ke koena o kona mau lā Salavat Yulaev. Kawaihae o ka meʻe, a me ka moʻolelo o kona paio i ke ola o ka mea i paa i ike ai i na Bashkirs a pau, ka poe i mālama i ka hoʻomanaʻo maikai o ia i loko o kā lākou nā loina. Yulaev paʻa i loko o ka hale paʻahao no ka makahiki 25, a make iho la i ka 1800, ka kŘpa opiopio (46 makahiki). About i kona ola i loko o hookupu Aneane mea ua ike. Kona makua kāne Yulai Aznalin make mamua i ka 1797.

Bashkir haku mele

Moʻolelo ike kekahi tālena i Salavat Yulaev. Kawaihae (pokole hai mai no ia e like me ka hiki, akā, e hōʻike 'ia i loko o keia hihia ma ka pono o keia kanaka,ʻaʻole e hana i), ka meʻe mai nei i mea ole malihini ia ia, he poetry papa. Ka hapa nui o na poem hoolilo i kona'āina hānau, na kanaka, na aoao a me ka manaoio o ko lākou mau kūpuna. Yulaev kakau iho la i loko o ka Bashkir 'ōlelo, no laila ia mea nō waiwai hāʻina o nā haʻawina, a me ka'ōlelo kia. He ua aie me ke kilo ana o kekahi mau kanaka mele.

Ka paʻa o ka meʻe

I kēia lā Salavat Yulayev, kona Kawaihae ua ike i na kamaaina o Bashkortostan, o ke aupuni meʻe, a me ka hōʻailona o ka aina. I kona hanohano o alanui, mau kaiāulu, nā kūlanakauhale, waapa, a no laila, ma luna o. D. Ma na kulanakauhale he nui, aia no na kia hoʻomanaʻo i Yulaev. Kona helehelena i ka lewa i loko o ka moʻokalaleo, mele (keaka mele lehulehu, a me nā hana), a me ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

Ua kapaʻia ma hope o ka meʻe hanohano i loko o ka holoʻokoʻa Lūkini Pāʻani Holohau laau Ufa - ke kapikala o Bashkiria. Ethnographers a me nā moʻolelo hoʻomau i ke kākauʻana i ka monograph, i ke kumuhana o ka i mea Salavat Yulaev. Kawaihae (pōkole moʻolelo e pili ana i keia mōʻaukala huahelu mea i loaʻa i loko o nā puke haʻawina ma luna o ka mōʻaukala o ke aupuni, a ma Bashkortostan hoʻolaʻa iā ia nā haʻawina kekahi) i kēia kanaka hewaʻiʻo e e uku ai i kona ao ana i ka meaʻuʻuku iki o ka noonoo.