Ural Frank: mōʻaukala, ke kumu o ka helehelena a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

ka mea, ua lohe mau kanaka o ia mau mea lahaʻole nā waiwai e like me ka Ural franc. Aka hoi, ma ka kakahiaka 90s o ka hope kenekulia banknotes i paiia, a i loaa ae mai ka Lūkini aupuni e hoʻolauna iā lākou i loko o ka holo au. E ka loaʻa mai i ka mea a ka Ural franc. I ka moolelo o keia kālā, e like me kona hou hopena, a e e hoʻolaʻa i keia loiloi.

Ke kumu no ka hoike ana o nā 'āina' nā waiwai

Mua o nā mea a pau, ua loaʻa mai i ka manao, e wehe i na Urals francs no ka mea kumu. Rusia ka hoʻokele waiwai ma hope o ka 'opi o ka USSR i loko o nani poe ilihune ke ano. Kēia ka ukuia nā i ka emi ana o oicyenoaaiiie ano laulea a me nā mea kahiko Soviet republics, e like me me ka brittle obsolete kahua. Aia ua like me ka mea like me ka uku 'ano kiʻekiʻe o ka emi ka waiwai o ke kālā, akā, hui me ka nele o ke kālā i loko o ka aina.

He kēia moku'āina o na mea i loko o nā manaʻo o kekahi kanaka, ua haawi mai ka pukana ala hou ana i ka manaʻo o ka waiwai kālā, a makemake e ma ka holo a me ka ruble. Kēia e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka shortage o ke kala. Eia hou kekahi, oiai uaʻaʻohe kānāwai i loko o ka Lūkini kanawai papa ua papa ia ke kālā hoʻokolohua.

E pili ana i manaʻoi ka Sverdlovsk māhele 'āina i kekahi ololi i wahie i ka manaʻo o ka e pili ana i ka hou kālā. Ma ka hou o ka'opi o ka Soviet Union, he nui na wahi o Rusia makemake e loaa i ka nui kiʻekiʻe o ke kū kaʻawale, a me hoʻokele waiwai. Ma 'ana, i loko o ka Sverdlovsk māhele' āina ua ka manaʻo o ka hanaia'na o ka Ural repubalika i loko o ka Russian Hui. Iho i ke kala e hou aku paipai i ka aneiai kuokoa o nā ka aina a me ka autonomist manaʻo propaganda i waena o ka kūloko heluna. No ia mea, pehea na mea e he mea pono manawa, a hiki i kēia ololi 'aʻole i nui hoohihiaia ka hooko mana i loko o ka Kremlin.

i ka hoike o ka Initiative

Nā initiators o ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o ka hou kālā ua he kūloko politician a me ka pāʻoihana Anton Alekseevich Bakov, e like me ka pae o ka mea nana i kākoʻo iā ia ui kanaka.

Ka inoa "Urals franc" i dala e analogy me ka Hawaiian franc, noʻonoʻo i ka benchmark o ke kumupaʻa a me ka paakiki kālā.

I ka makahiki 1991, i ua kokoke ka Kremlin, ma i initiators i noi, e haawi aku i ka hele-mua no ke kala ana o ka hou kālā. Oddly lawa, ke Kuhina Nui Kuhina Egor Gaydar endorsed keia Initiative, a hoouna aku la i kūpono muli o ka aina, a ua koiia ka State Bank a me ke Kuhina Waiwai,ʻaʻole e kau nā pilikia no ka ho okolohua.

Print

E like me ka paiia Ural Franc? Sketch o memo hoomakaukau ia e kekahi kūloko kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Sofya Demidova. Direct Pai i loko o ka makahiki 1991 ma ke pai ana kanu i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Perm 'Gosznak ". Ke Customer o ka LLP "Ural kuai."

Total 1930000 Ua paiia banknotes o like denominations. O ka huina nui, he 56 miliona francs Ural. Ke kāki no a pau o ka hana i hana ai e hookupaa aku i ka Ural dala ua like ia ma kahi o 20 tausani. Dala.

helehelena

Ano, loaʻa mai mākou i ka pono nana Ural Franc (1991).

Ua Ua hookuu ewalu ano o ka palapala denominations o 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 a me 1000 francs, kēlā me ka nui o ka 80 mm o ka laula, a he 145 mau mm o ka lōʻihi. It E e kaulana ia ia i ke 'ano o nā denominations hiki ole ke manao wale i ia manawa a hiki i ka kūhelu Lūkini kālā. No ka laʻana, ka mea mua banknote denominations o 1,000 rubles Ua hookuu wale i ka 1992. Penei, ka Ural franc poe e hōʻoia i ka heluna o ka pono no ke kālā like denomination.

Pai Ua hana ma luna o ka mea kiʻekiʻe-ka pono ka pepa a me ka mea hoʻonani o banknotes hiki e wahi ana i ka hana o ke akamai. Oae, kēlā 'ana i kumumanaʻo, he eiwa degere o ka hoomaluia mai, a' o ia hoʻi i ka nui o ka mālama 'ia hoʻi i ka counterfeiting securities par.

Ke obverse o ka banknote o kekahi o na kanaka koʻikoʻi o ka Urals i depicted, ka mea i lilo kaulana i loko o ka kālai'āina, nohona kanaka, a me ka 'epekema ke kahua. No ka laʻana, ma ka banknote denominations o 1 franc, Siberian Khan Ibague i depicted. Ka aʻeʻaoʻao o ka Ural franc Ua hoʻonaniʻia me kekahi o na Hawaii o nā kūlanakauhale o ka Urals a me ka pili wahi (Tyumen, Zlatoust, Nevyansk, Perm, Ufa, Yekaterinburg, Votkinsk, Tobolsk).

Ka pau 'hoʻokolohua

I loko nō o kēia hoʻokolokolo pono hana i hana no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o banknotes, a me ka Lūkini aupuni ka aeia mai ai e hana iā lākou, i ka hoʻokolohua ua, ma ka mea, ma, a me ka ia i hoomakaʻi.

Ma hope o ka bila i ua paiia a ua haawiia mai ka Perm i Sverdlovsk helekopa, ua waihoia ka mea, i loko o kekahi o na lala o ka kūloko kapa. Nā luna o ka Sverdlovsk māhele i i noho oe a komo i ka memo i holo.

I ka makahiki 1993ʻo ia i aponoia ma ka Russian Hui Kumukanawai maopopo hākālia nō i ka hooponopono kālā o ke aupuni hiki wale nō ia i ka Lūkini ruble, a hānai aku wale nō hanaʻia ke kikowaena kapa, aʻaʻohe kekahi mea e ae. Penei, ka hoʻohana 'o kūloko kālā mea' ino ai. Ma hope iho o ia,ʻaʻohe mea e pili ana i komo i loko o holo i loko o ka Urals Frank, ua ole.

lua o ke ola

Aka hoi, ma hope o kekahi ana i kekahi o ka pai banknotes nō i loaʻa palapala noi. I ka 1997, hoomaka ae la na bila e e hoʻohana i ka metallurgical kanu i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Serov (Sverdlovsk māhele) me ke kumu o ka ho omaulia ma ka Shop, a ma na canteens. Kēia i aie i ka mea i Anton Bakov lilo CEO o ka huakai.

Huina intrafactory ma ka holo i hoʻokuʻuʻia kekahi miliona banknotes mai 1 a hiki i 50 francs.

Ma hope o ka kūloko kānāwai mākaʻi lapaʻau nāna e hoihoi i loko o ia ka neʻeʻana, ma ka mea o ka hooponopono ana o ka mea kanu i ka bila, hehi iho "Food hehi ihola au iā" Ua noi. Kēia ka anu u, e kōkua i ka pale e hāʻiliʻili aku o ka 'ino ai kalaʻana o ke kālā i loko o ka holo au.

Ma hope o 2000 poʻina nalu i ua hoʻokuʻu mai i ka hooponopono poe, me ka hou hooponopono hoʻoholo e haʻalele hele ana francs i loko o ka meaʻai A hehi ihola au. Ma hope iho o ia, a hiki i kēia lā, i i komo i loko o ka huakūʻai-kala huli Ural Franc. Kā lākou moʻolelo me ka koi pohō a pa alima i pau.

fakes

I loko nō o ka mea i ka Urals Frank aole lilo piha o ke kala, ua ma ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā 'āina manaʻo nui, aka makemake e kuai i ka bila kanawai me ka souvenir spawned keʻano o nā fakes. Akā,ʻaʻole i ka Ural franc - he hoʻopuni. Pehea eʻike maoli nō banknotes mai counterfeits?

Mua o nā mea a pau, e pono e lawe i ka mooolelo i wale 50 francs banknotes i hahao i loko o ka holo au a me ka emi. Penei, wale i ka bila denomination 1, 5, 10, 20 a me 50 francs Ural paa ia e ka lehulehu ke e ike. Banknotes o kekahi'ē aʻe denomination - 100% hoʻopuni.

People mea he uuku kama'āina me ka hui panakō hana, hiki i hoomaopopo maoli banknotes ku counterfeiting ma ka mea o ka hoomaopopo ana i ke alo aku o ka piʻiʻana o ka hoomaluia mai, me watermarks.

He nui no hoi "Urals franc" hehi "Waihona Noʻeau ka laau o Yekaterinburg", akā, e mau no ka maoli banknotes hoopuka ia ma ka makahiki 1991, e pili 'ole a me ka mea hoʻi i ka souvenir. Questionable authenticity a francs me hehi ihola au iā o All-Russian Society o ka polokalamu JavaScript People, e like me kekahi mau 'ē aʻe ka hoʻonohonoho.

Ka hopena o ka hoʻokolohua

Nui nā makahiki ma hope o ka ho'āʻo e hoʻolauna i nā Urals francs i loko o ka aneiai'ōnaehana o ka aina, he mea hiki ke kikoo aku i kekahi hopena a. O ka ala, no ka mea, o ka mea indecisiveness o ka kūloko Aupuni keia hoʻokolohua hiki ole ke kapa a me ka nele. I ka mea, e like ma mua o ka Launch oia i kau, a laila, no ka mea, o ka loli ana o ka Lūkini kanawai mea oo paʻa. E ho ohana ana o banknotes like me ka ua hehi hoʻi i loko o ka ke kūʻai '-pēpēʻana - i kēia mea pono i hoao ia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa kekahi ala e hoʻohana mua paiia banknotes ma ka holo. Akā, ma kekahi ala e hāʻawiʻia kā lākou hoʻohana mea,ʻaʻole like me ka palapala Pahuhopu - e lilo i ka 'āina' kālā hoʻohana i loko o ka hookahi māhele'āina ma ka par me ka Lūkini ruble.

I kēia manawa, i ka moʻolelo o ka Ural franc hiki wale ke ike i kekahi o na mea he nui non-i'oe i loko o ke ola ia mea o ka hoʻololi wā ma hope o ka'opi o ka USSR. Ma ka mea kēia Lūkini loio i ke kahua, me ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o ka 'āina' kālā, a hiki theoretically ole.