Vinson - Antarctica kū'ē. Hōʻikeʻano, kiʻi

Uhi me ka mau loa ka hau, a ma mua kilohi keia impregnable, i ke ono o ka'āinapuniʻole o ka Honua i ike i ka mea hou. I loko nō o ka mea i Dzheyms Kuk ka mua a hiki i kela kapa o ka Ant- Circle ma January 1773, Antarctica i ole i ua maopopo kaupaona i nā.

Eia, e like me ia ma kekahi'ē aʻe'āinapuniʻole, i kona mau "oases" me ka mea kanu, moana a hiki i ka Vinson Massif (kahi kūlike 78,5833 ° hema ka latitu, 85,4167 ° W me longitude).

Mōʻaukala o Antarctica

E like me ka kūʻokoʻa'āinapuniʻole, ka mea i wehe i ka 1820 ma Faddeem Bellinsgauzenom, mamua o ka mea'ē aʻe Polar explorers mau - Nathaniel Palmer no 10 mahina, a me Edward Bransfield 3 lā.

Bellingshausen a me kona colleague Mihailom Lazarevym i ole hiki Antarctica wale 32 ei. Ka mua kanaka, e kau aku wawae ma keia aina, wahi a Dzhon Deyvis, i hiki mai ai ma luna o ka'āinapuniʻole 07.02.1821 makahiki. Ka mua noiʻi huakaʻi i hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ka Moana o ka Amerika Huipuia, i ka 1839. E like me kona hualoaʻa, ka mea i hai mai ia ia i wehe i ka komohana o Antarctica Balleny Pae Aina, a me ka wahi o ka aina, loaʻa kona mau lala, i hope inoa i loko o ka hanohano o ka Wilkes Land huakaʻi alihi kaua. Ua wehe ia ka kekahi PolarʻImi Loa James Clark Ross i ka 1841, o ka mokupuni kapaʻia ma hope ona.

More maliu i Antarctica a me kona kuka nei lakou i hāʻawiʻia i loko o ka 20th kenekulia. Ua ua hoomaka ana o ke kenekulia me ka naʻi aupuni o ka South Pole Roald Amundsen i ka 1911. I ka makahiki 1912 ka mea i hahai ia e Robert Scott, kona huakaʻi ua loa hoʻi ma ke ala hoʻi i ka Big Land.

I ka 1928, i ka mua lele i Antarctica ke kahu moku Hubert Wilkins i i, i i noʻonoʻo loa he mama, e noonoo pono i ka nui o ka? Acaeoey o maunakea i ka manawa. Haole mooolelo i ole haawi koena i ka nui aviators, akā, wale kauoha aku iā Richard E.'ōkuʻu ke kēia makahiki, e lele ma luna o ka South Pole.

Ma ka postwar makahiki i piha-me ka unahiʻole huakaʻi hoʻokumu a me ka paa hou, ka Americans mai 1945 a hiki i 1957, i ka hopena o ia i ka nui loa kanu-hooponopono McMurdo, ua hookumuia oia. Soviet Polar explorers hoʻokumu i ka hooponopono mua o ka malu i ka makahiki 1956 me ke kōkua o nā luina o mau moku - "Ob" a me ka "Lena". Ua, mahalo i kānakaʻepekema, mai kekahi aina e, e noho ana a me ka hana i loko o ka hoʻohalahala keia o ka permafrost, a ua hiki ia ia ke wehe i ka laka ma ka hou palapala o ke kaikuono, o ka mokupuni a me ka pelapela a anu ahuula. No ka laʻana, na mauna o Antarctica a hiki i ka waena o ka 20th kenekulia hilahila wale ma ka kumumanaʻo. Ka maopopo o ko lākou ola i ua hōʻike i ka 1958, ka wā e loaʻa i ka ke kahu moku, ana i kona holo ana ma ka'āinapuniʻole.

Kēia mau koa poʻe Ua i ka piha ano o ka Ant-, i lilo kekahi hapa o ka hana kemika heluna o nā puke a me akeakamai hana o kēia explorers.

Features Antarctica

Kēia'āinapuniʻole uhi ka wahi o ka 13975 e Iesu ke. Km ^2, o ka a i ka hau shelves. Aia nō i paʻa noho,ʻaʻole wale nō no ka mea, ka mea i hoʻohalahala aniau mea kupono wale penguins, akā, i aie i ka mea i ka mea, o ka mea wale'āinapuniʻole i mea ole no i kekahi aupuni, a me ka aina o na kanaka a pau.

E like me ka olelo, kakau i ka 1961, e alakai aina, a pau honua wa ke aupuni 'hema o 60 ° S. W., Ua noa, mai kau i kekahi mea pepehi a me ka mea pono wale no ka 'epekema noiʻi. ʻOiai Antarctica mea waiwai i loko o nā minelala hao, hoʻouku ia ua i pāpā.

'O kēia ka mea kiekie'āinapuniʻole ma ka Honua, ma ka awelika ka mea, puka mai a hiki i 2040 m + luna o kaʻilikai, a me kona kiekie loa - Vinson (e kū'ē i Ellsworth Mountains) ihoiho 4892 mika.

Ma keia wahi, 99% lawe i ka hau, a me wale i ka hapa uuku wale no o na wahi e pili ana i ka "Oasis", i ulu mosses, Fern, lichens a me fungi. Eia ola penguins a me nā wepa.

No kekahi mea hiki ke ku imua o ka hooilo anu i -89 degere (ma ka hikina hapa o ka'āinapuniʻole i loko o ka wahi o ka Lūkini ku "Vostok"). Kaʻawelike i loko o ka hooilo malama, i ke koena o ka ino i -70 degere, a me ke kauwela - mai -30 a hiki i -50. Ma ke kahakai, kokoke i "e akoakoa ai" like ma ka hoʻoilo o ka mahana 'aneʻi papa koa, mai -8 i -35 degere, oiai i loko o ke kau - mai ka 0 a hiki i 5. Description o Antarctica a me kona makani pāhili-ka ikaika o ka makani a me ka hau o nā moku'āina 'wahi like inhospitable no ka huakaʻi.

Ka nui mauna i loko o ke ao nei: ka mauna Everest, a Aconcagua

Mountain Honua - mea ole wale kona nani a me ka nani, akā, i ka mōʻaukala o ke kahua o 'âinapuni. Ma ka honua, 6 a me 7 o ka 'âinapuni nui loa kuahiwi i i lanakila, kela mea keia mea i loko o kona manawa, daredevils nona ka ikaika me kėia kanaka, e haʻi hou aku i ko lakou feat.

Ua ka mauna kiʻekiʻe loa i loko o ke ao nei - Mount Everest (Asia), e pii ai ma luna o kaʻilikai i ka 8.848 ka m kona naʻi -. Ua like me ka hoao ana o aptitude no na climbers. Beginners mai i lanakila ia, iʻaneʻi i ua hoano e climbers pilikia o ka make, no laila, i ka mauna mea i hoʻohalahala a me ka unapproachable.

About 50 manawa o ka huakaʻi, mai kekahi aina ho'āʻo e piʻi i ka luna o ka pilikia, akā, ka mea e hoʻokele i May 29, 1953 New Zealander 'Edemuna Hillary. ia i lanakila Everest me kona okoa aoao, na kanaka i wale, aka, i na wahine, ma hope o ka mua o ka mea i na Kepani climber i ka makahiki 1976

Aconcagua - ka mea kiekie loa i mea ole lua pele i loko o ke ao nei ke aupuni 'oʻAmelika Hema. Ke kiekie o keia Argentine "skyscraper" He 6962 mau mika. 'ōʻo ia i ua kaua kipi ma e pili ana me ka hookui hookahe koko ana o ka mau una honua - ka Nazca a me Hema Amelika. Pehea lā ka manaʻo i na ino pu ia grandiose keʻano o ka hanaʻana miliona o ka makahiki ma aku nei. Kēia piko mea pono no ka aʻo beginners, no ka mea, ua i noʻonoʻo pono mai o ka wahi o ka Hawaii o ka mountaineering. Ua lanakila i keiki.

Mount McKinley

ʻEhiku mau piko mai o ko ke ao nei - keia mea no ka nui loa mauna i ka mea kiʻekiʻe ma luna o kekahi o nā 'âinapuni' o ka Honua. McKinley -. Ke kiekie loa o Alaska, e ala ana ma luna o ka honua ma ka 6194 m + I manawa kekahi mea i ka lani kiekie loa piko o ka Russian aupuni a pau, a i kapaia uncomplicated - Big Mountain. Ma hope iho o ke kuai ana o ka ?? eoi? Amerika, ka mea, o ka mea nui loa i loko o North America.

Mai 1917 a hiki i 2015, i ka inoa o ka mauna kekahi o na luna o ka USA - McKinley, akā, i hoi aku ai i kona palapala inoa Denali, i ke ano o ka luna o ka Great unuhi mai Athabasca'ōlelo (Maunaʻohana) ia. Ua Ua mua ai i loko o 1906 Frederikom Kukom, ka mea i koke hoopiiia o falsification o keia pii ana. Hiki i keia manawa, i ka lā i nā climbers hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana ina paha he nui i ka lilo ana o ka lōʻihi-kū piʻi akula nō hoʻi.

Kilimanjaro

Ke kaulanaʻApelika Waena mauna ua i hui pū i loko o ka waeʻano o "ʻEhiku piko mai o ko ke ao nei." Ke aupuni 'ma Tanzania, ia mea ma luna o nā mea a pau e hele impresses. E nānā i kona hau chap ma ka waena o ka wela savannah hoʻohana i e kupaianaha, akā, i keia la na mea he nuiʻepekema e puhi i ka pū waikaua, no ka mea, i ka makahiki-kahiko hau ua hauneneʻe steadily ma muli o ka loli o ka huliau.

Mount Kilimanjaro, ʻai lākou mua snowy kuahiwi puni, i keia la ua lilo kona hau uhi ma ka 80%. No ka mea manawa mua i ka 5895 mau mika ma luna o kaʻilikai, i lanakila e Hans Meyer i loko o ka mamao 1889. No ka mea hoʻomaka, i hoʻolako pono me ke kālā no piʻi aʻela i luna pono, keia luna mea,ʻaʻole paʻakikī, eia nae o ka pii ana ana mau hou no ka pilikia me ka aeeeeiaoecaoee.

Elbrus

Kēia mauna mea maʻa a hiki i ka poe i mea e hana ai me ka mountaineering. He ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa piko maʻEulopa. Ua Ua Aia ma luna o ka mokuna ma waena o Kabardino-Balkaria a me Karachay-Cherkessia. Kēia mauna'ōnaehana i loko o ka Main Haole Ridge. No ka mea manawa mua i loko o kona kiekie o ka 5642 ua lanakila m + ka Lūkini scientific huakaʻi i ka 1829. Ua komo ka physicist, he zoologist, he botanist,ʻImi Loa a me ka artist, ka mea i hana ole wale o ka piʻiʻana, akā, i sketched a aʻo i ka 'ole o ka mea kanu a me na kuahiwi.

I kēia mau lā, he mea pono ke kino oo? Enonei-? Aeuiiai ieaia? Me ka walaʻauʻana ka hoʻololiʻana wahi hoʻomoana, a me ka mauna iho o ka wahi o ka noho malihini ole climbers wale akā, i aeoaeuneiai climbers ka poe i lanakila ole hoi he hookahi vertex.

Ma waho lanakila kuahiwi Elbrus,ʻo skiers, no ka mea, a na? Ooia o loli iki pilikia, a paa slalom Competition i hoʻonohonoho 'aneʻi makahiki. A pono-i hoʻonohonoho 'ia aeuiiai ieaia? E ukuhi i hamama' aneʻi oo? Enonei-? Kumu ma luna o ka hookahi 'ilikai a me na Europa Ski hokele.

Puncak Jaya

Australia no hoi i kekahi mauna huahelu, a ka mea kiekie loa o ka piko Puncak Jaya (4884 m). Mount Jaya ikeia no ia mea i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mokupuni ke aupuni '. haumana kekahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i ka nui wahi o Oceania i ke kiekie o ka 5030 m.

No ka mea ao mauna ua hamama Dutchman Jan Carstens i ka 1623. He kanaka noiʻi i hoʻopuʻukahua ma ka 'epekema kaiāulu no ka i koi ia i ike i kekahi me ka hauneneʻe i loko o ka koaʻe ke hiki i ka (equator). Hope i haawiia mai i ka mauna kona inoa, a mau ae la a hiki i 1965.

ʻOiai ka mea, hiki mai ai ka wā kahiko, i ka mua manawa ia i naʻi i ka'Aukekulia climbers i ka 1962. Hoi aku la ma kona inoa mua ma ka unuhi maiʻInidonesia 'ōlelo kani e like Pobeda TFX.

Vinson Massif

Mauna o Antarctica - he ana uhi o ka hau. Paha ke kumu e hiki ole e ai lōʻihi e hōʻike, akā, wale theoretically pōpilikia ia mea, e ma keia'āinapuniʻole ia mea. I ka hau o ka nui keʻakeʻa nei i loko o ka piʻiʻana aʻe i ia mau mea.

Lākou kiekie loa o Vinson - e kū'ē i lōʻihi o 21 ei, a 13 ei ma ka laula. Ua lawe maoli ke koa a me ka professionalism e lanakila i kēia pilikia luna. Ka huahelu mua i i Antarctica wela incorrectly (5140 m). Hana i ka ike loea waiwai i loaa wale i loko o ka makahiki 1980, ka wā i Vinson (kū'ē) pii Soviet climbers, a hoʻouka kekahi ma laila? Aiina. I ka hopena o ke ana, he 4892 mika.

naʻi aupuni icebergs

Inā mākou e nānā i ka hoʻouka Vinson ma ka palapala, e hiki ike ia mai ke South Pole ka mea, ua hookaawale ia e wale 1200 ei. O na mea i noho ma luna o ka mea, e olelo ka mea, i mea e kaumaha ana i ka breathtakingly nani nānaina o ka hau, hoomalamalamaia mai huali lā.

Ia mea,ʻaʻole wale nō ka nui me ka hauneneʻe i loko o ke ao nei, akā, i ka loa paʻakikī e naʻi i ka mauna. Vinson Massif eono mahina bapetizo i ka Polar pō, no laila, ua pono no ka naʻi aupuni o "kau," manawa mai a hiki i November Ianuari, i ka wa a ka mehana i 30 degere ma lalo Aʻohe. Summer lani ma luna o ka luna pono cloudless, a me ka la e hoomalamalama ana a puni ka uaki.

I loko nō o ka hōʻemi iki lalana ana ia ia o ka lewa, piʻi akula nō hoʻi ua pinepine hampered ka makani ikaika, a hehee iho ka hau mai o ka wela lā.

Antarctica i keia la

I kēia lā, he 37 ma ka Ant- akeakamai wahi, mai kekahi aina. Epekema këia i ka hau keia, loli i loko o kona Nine Inch haku mele 'ana a me ka uku o ka heheʻe. Biologists a me zoologists aʻo? Ueony hiki ke koena i loko o ka hoʻohalahala olelo o ka permafrost.

Ma waho aʻeo ia 'epekema kāna huakaʻi, hele lapaʻau nāna e hoonohonoho Kauai loa daredevils e piʻi ma Vinson. Ke kū'ē Ua lilo loa kaulana ala hele, a ua mahalo i climbers.