Yugoslavia. Ke kaua ma Yugoslavia: Chronicle o Events

Pili aupuni confrontation o superpowers e like me ka USA, a me ka USSR, a mau ae la ia, mai ka hapalua like 40s i ke kakahiaka nui 90s o ka hope ke kenekulia, a aole loa e hoʻomōhala ana i loko o ka maoli koa oukou paio ana, ua alakai ai i ka muli o ia i kekahi manawa e like me ka Hawaii War. Yugoslavia - he kahiko Socialist multinational aina, a hoomaka ae la e haule iho ma ke kaʻawale aneane ka poʻe me ka Soviet Union. Ke kumu nui i ka e hōʻeuʻeu ana i ka hoʻomaka o ka oihana kaua, ua i ka makemake o ke West, e hookupaa i kona aoao i loko o nā panalāʻau e noho ana no mamua i ka Soviet Union.

Ke kaua ma Yugoslavia oia o ka moʻo o ka puali kaua, a mau ae la ia no ka 10 makahiki - mai ka makahiki 1991 a hiki i 2001, a me ka ho'ōla alakai aku ai i ka disintegration o ka moku'āina, i kūpono i loko o ke kahua o kekahi mau hana kuikahi kuokoa Hawaii. Aia he mau i waena o-lāhui kaua ano, a i mālamaʻia Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia a me Herzegovina, Albania a me Makedonia. Ke kaua ma Yugoslavia ka hoʻomaka 'ana ma muli o ka lāhui a me ka hoʻomana ka noʻonoʻoʻole. Kēia mau hanana i wahi ma Europe, lilo iho la lakou ia lakou iho koko me ka manawa o 1939-1945.

Slovenia

Ke kaua ma Yugoslavia hoomaka me ka makaukau kaua ma 25 June - 4 July 1991 ka papa o nā hanana hele hoʻi i ka unilateral Kuahaua o ke Kuokoa o Slovenia, kūpono ma waena ona a me ka Yugoslavia, kaua wawahi mai. Ka repubalika o ka alakaʻiʻana i ka loaʻaʻana mai o ka mokuna a me ka lewa a pau ka lewa o ka aina. hoomaka Local koa naehana, e hoomakaukau no ke kāʻili 'ana i o ka JNA Barracks.

Yugoslav People ka Army Halawai ikaika ia'ku mai i nā pūʻulu. Ka koke kukulu barricades, a wahi i ka ala i hahai i ka JNA hao wale. Ka repubalika Ua hai mobilization, a me kona poe luna hoopii iʻEulopa aina kekahi.

Ke kaua i pau ai i ka hopena o ka hōʻailona o ka berita Brioni, a obliges ka JNA, e pau ana i ka puali kaua, a me Slovenia i na malama ekolu e ke wehe 'ia ka hōʻailona o ka Hōʻike, ma o ka olelo hoolaha o kona kūʻokoʻa. Poho, mai ka Yugoslav kaua i mai o 45 kanaka i make a me 146 i pepehiia, a me Kolewenia, pakahi, 19 a me 182.

Soon SFRY aaieieno? I puʻe wale no ke komo maluna pio a me kaʻae i ke kuokoa o Slovenia. Ma ka hopena, i ka JNA haalele kona pūʻali kaua, mai ka palena o ka hou moku'āina.

Croatia

Slovenia loaa kuokoa mai Yugoslavia, ka Serbian hapa o ka heluna kanaka e noho ana i loko o ka wahi ma hope, ho'āʻo e ho okumu i ka hookaawale aina. Ka mea, i kūpaʻa ma ko lakou makemake, e hoʻokaʻawale i ka mea i ka mea supposedly mau aʻe pono kīvila o. E hana i kēia, hoomaka ae la na separatists e hana ai-kapa pakiko-pale huahelu. Croatia manaʻo ka mea, e like me ka ho'āʻoʻana ma kona ka piʻiʻana i Serbia, a ua hoopiiia oia i kona mau hoa o ka? Anoe? Aiey, no laila, i loko o August 1991, hoomaka nui-unahiʻole, i ka wā kahiko.

Over 40% o ka aina ua ma ke kaua. Ua manao Croats e pakele o Serbs, a kipaku mai i ka JNA. Nāʻaʻa ka poe makemake i ka waiwai loa-kali o ke ku okoa ana, hui ma ka noho pūʻana o kiai, a pau na koa imi no lakou iho, a me kā lākou mauʻohana Kuokoa.

Bosnian kaua

1991-1992 makahiki ia i ka hoʻomaka o ke ala o ka liberation mai ka ulia ma Bosnia, a Herzegovina, ma i ka mea huki mai Yugoslavia. Ke kaua i kēia manawa loli ole wale kekahi repubalika, akā, i kona mau aina kokoke. E like me ka hopena o keia kaua ua o Laielohelohe i ka noonoo ana o NATO, eu, a un.

I keia manawa i ka oihana koa 'ana i wahi ma waena o Bosnian Nā Poʻe Isalama a me kā lākou mau ke kākoʻo'-religionists, ratuyuschimi no kū kaʻawale, e like me ka pono me Croats a Serbs ma i mākaukau nā pūʻulu. I ka hoʻomaka o ka uprising i loko o ke kaua, a ua komo JNA. A iki ma hope, ua hui NATO koa, mercenaries a me nāʻaʻa mai kekahiʻaoʻao.

Ma Pepeluali 1992, i i kekahi manaʻoi hāpai 'ia ma luna o ka mahele o ka repubalika i loko o 7 māhele,ʻelua o ka poe e hele ana i ka Croats a me Nā Poʻe Isalama, a ekolu - i ka Serbs. Kēia 'aelike i ole, ua apono ia e ka poo o ka Bosnian koa o Alija Izetbegovic. Croat a Serb nationalists koi ia ka mea, ua ka wale kuu manawa e pau ana i ka hakakā, a laila, i ke kaua kūloko ma Yugoslavia hoomau, Kaʻahumanu i ka noonoo ana o ka aneane pau lahui a papa hana.

O na puali koa Ally me Bosnians Nā Poʻe Isalama, no laila ia i hana Army o ka Repubalika o Bosnia a me Herzegovina. Ma May 1992, i ka ARBiH huli i loko o kūhelu na puali koa o ka wā e hiki mai kuokoa moku'āina. Ua hostilities oki ae la i ka hopena o ka hōʻailona o ka berita Dayton, a hoʻoholo i ke Kumukanawai 'ole o ka mea kēia kūʻokoʻa Bosnia a me Herzegovina.

Hana "ka noonoo e puʻe"

Ka mea, ua i ka kivila inoa i haawiia i ka Aerial bombardment o Serb nā kūlana hana i loko o ka hakakā e kue ana i loko o Bosnia, a Herzegovina, a i ua hana hoʻokipa he NATO. Ke kumu no ka paneʻe i ka hana i mālama ai i ka Naita me ia ma 1995 ma ka palena o ka Markale makeke. Ho oholo i ka haule perpetrators o ka weliweli, akā, NATO i ia kuleana no ka mea i hiki mai ai i ka Serbs, ka mea categorically hoole i ka haalele i kona mea kaua, mai Sarajevo.

Penei, wahi a ka mōʻaukala o ke kaua i loko o Yugoslavia hana "e manaʻo e pili ana i ka mana o ka" po August 30, 1995. Kona AIM ua e emi i ka manawa kūpono o ka Serb kekahi kaʻa ma luna o ka palekana cii, i hoʻokumu i ka NATO. Maunakea UK, USA, Hawaii, United States, Spain, Tureke, a me ka Netherlands hoomaka kaua Serb kulana.

I loko o elua pule, ka mea i i oi aku mamua o ekolu tausani de o NATO mokulele. Ka hopena ua i ka make ana o ka bombing Radar nā mea hoʻonoho, aee me ka a me nā mea kaua, na alahaka, kelekaʻaʻike pili 'o Randy me ka' ē aʻe nui aeuiiai ieaia?. A, o ka papa, i ka pahuhopu nui i loaʻa: Serbs haʻalele Sarajevo i kaumaha hana.

Kosovo

Ke kaua ma Yugoslavia Hoomau iho la lakou i puka mai ai ma waena o ka FRY, a me ka Alapania separatists i ka 1998.ʻimi nā kānaka o Kosovo e loaa kuokoa kaua kaua. A makahiki ma hope, i ke kahua i loko o NATO intervened, no laila, i ka hana ka hoʻomaka 'ana ma lalo o ka inoa "Ally Max".

Kēia kaua ua systematically pu ma ka 'aʻe' ana i ka pono kīvila, i alakai aku ai i na mea he nui casualties a me ka papakaukau pele o nā meaʻeʻe moku - he mau mahina ma hope o ka outbreak o ke kaua, aia no ua kokoke hoʻokahi tausani make a me ka eha, a oi aku mamua o 2 tausani nā mea pakele ... I ka hope o ke kaua i ka hoʻonā 'ana o ke Aupuni Hui Pū i ka makahiki 1999, e like me ka mea ia i ua hoʻohiki ma ka pale o ka resumption o hostilities, a me ka hoi ana mai o Kosovo ma lalo o ka rula o Yugoslavia. E malu ai Council e hōʻoia i ka pono, hooponopono o koʻu hana, i ke demilitarization o ka KLA (Kosovo Liberation Army) a me ka mākaukau i ke kaua hui o Albanians.

"Hana Ally Max"

Ka lua o ka nalu o ke kaua o ka 'Akelanika' Ākau kuikahi ma ka FRY i wahi, mai March 24 a hiki i Iune 10, 1999 i ka hana i wahi i ka lāhui hoomaemae ma Kosovo. Hope, o ka International noho hookolokolo hoopaa i ke kuleana o ka malu koa o ka FRY no na hewa i hana 'ia ma luna o ka Alapania heluna. Ma kekahi, "noonoo ana i ka mana" i ka hana mua.

Ke Yugoslav Aupuni Ua ike 1,7 tausani. People make, 400 ka mea, he mau keiki. . Ua seriously poino About 10 tausani kanaka a me 821 - i nalowale. Ka hōʻailona o ke koa E noa ka berita ma waena o NATO, a me ka JNA i hoopau ai i ka bombardment. Nā koa o NATO, a me ka hoʻonohonoho 'hooponopono i ka hooponopono ana o ka māhele' āina. A iki ma hope, i haawiia mai kēia mau mana i ka lāhui Albanians.

Hawaiian Serbia

Ke kaua ma waena o ka puka koa pae, i kapaia o "Liberation Army o Medvedja, Bujanovac a me Presevo", a me FR Yugoslavia. I ka luna o ka ha awina ma Serbia coincided me ka mea hōʻemi o ke kahua ma Makedonia.

Ke kaua i loko o ka mua Yugoslavia, kokoke papani iho la i hope a hiki i kekahi 'aelike ma waena o NATO a me Belgrade i ka 2001, a ua hoʻohiki i ka hoi ana mai o ka Yugoslav koa ma ka honua palekana ciia. Eia hou, i kakauinoaia ae like ana ma ka kahua o ka makai koa, like me ka pili ana i ka militants, ka mea i hoʻoholo ihola e makemake haawi.

Confrontation i loko o ka Presevo Valley koi i ke ola o ka 68 kanaka, 14 o ka mea, he mau policemen. Alapania poʻe hoʻoweliweli lawe mai 313 ho'āhewa wale, a i koi 14 kanaka (9 o ia i hoopakele ia, akā, i ka hopena o ka eha i koe i ike ole ia a hiki i kēia lā).

Makedonia

Ke kumu no ke kaua i loko o keia aina mea i okoa mai pāonioni paʻa mua i loko o Yugoslavia. Ke confrontation i wahi ma waena o Alapania separatists a Macedonians no kokoke i ka anai 2001

Ke kahua hoomaka ae la e deteriorate ma January, ka wā i ke aupuni o ka repubalika ua ike pinepine hihia o aggression e kū'ē i ke koa a me ka makai. Like Teselonike i maluhia hana i ole hana, o ka heluna kanaka i hoʻoweliweli 'ia i ka pakiko-kuai ana o na mea kaua. Ma hope o ia, mai Ianuari a hiki i November 2001 ua mālama clashes me ka Macedonians o Alapania nā pūʻulu. Ka loa koko hanana i wahi i loko o ke kulanakauhale o Tetovo.

E like me ka hopena, luahi o ke kaua ma ka aoao o Makedonia, he 70 kanaka, a me ka Alapania separatists - ma kahi o 800. ka hoouka kaua ana me ka hōʻailona o ka Ohrid berita ma waena o Makedonia a me Alapania koa i alakaʻi i ka Lepupalika, e lanakila ma ka paio no ka Kuokoa a me ka hoʻololi i ke kukuluia'na o ka hui maluhia 'ana ke ola. Ke kaua ma Yugoslavia, chronicle o ka hanana a kauoha aku na welau ma November 2001, ma ka mea, mau a hiki i kēia lā. Ano ka mea, i ke ano o kekahi mau pepehi iho at ia a me ka mākaukau i ke kaua clashes i loko o ka mua Yugoslavia.

Hopena o ke kaua

Ma ka postwar wā ia i hana i ka International karaima noho hookolokolo no ka mea mua Yugoslavia. Kēia palapala i hoihoi hou ia i ka hoopai ana i ka luahi o kāna hana e lawelawe i loko o nā mea a pau o ka republics (koe Slovenia). I Kekahi Mau kanaka,ʻaʻole nā pūʻulu, e pili 'ole i ka hewa ku ei manaʻo kanaka, i ua ike a ua hoopaiia.

Ma 1991-2001 ,. ma ka palena o ka mua Yugoslavia ia hoʻokuʻu ma kahi o 300 tausani. hopeʻia, a laila hoʻokuʻu aʻela ma kahi o 1 tausani. Kao lele lako kaua. pâʻani 'o ia i ka nui kūlana o NATO, i intervened i ka manawa a hiki i ka arbitrariness o ka Yugoslav Aupuni Ma ka paio ana o na kanaka republics no kūʻokoʻa. Ke kaua ma Yugoslavia, na makahiki, a me nā hanana a i lawe i nā ola o nā tausani o ka civilians, e malama me ka haʻawina i ke kaiāulu, no ka mea, a hiki loa i loko o ko mākou kālā no ke ola e ole wale mahalo ', akā, ma nā mea a pau mea e kākoʻo ia ka fragile honua maluhia.