Great Galileo: ka loina o ka relativity a me ka me mechanical huli ana

Ka nui Italian nä känaka 'epekema a me ke nä känaka' epekema Galileo Galilei i ka loihi o mōʻaukala hopena ma luna o ka ulu ole wale no i ho'ākāka 'sciences: ke kālaikūlohea, mechanics, kilohōkū, akā, i nui i kekahi mau kumu kahua o nā loina no ka hooulu ana o ka' epekema ma ka mau, ka loina o ka relativity o Galileo, Galileo ka hou 'ua i ka nui ole ma ke kahua o ka mohaiai-lā kiʻi o ko ke ao nei.

ʻepekema discoveries maka pua Galileo relativity rula i ninau aku, laulea nā papakuhikuhi hōʻikeʻana i ka hoʻonui o ke noi ana o ke kino. Ua ua ike ia i ka wa e kaawale aku o ka hoʻonui i loko o ka neʻeʻana'ōnaehana pili i kekahi'ē aʻe i maopopo kahi nenoaiu, hoʻonui o ke kino a me ka mahalo i nā o kēia mau nenoai e e ikaika.

I mua, e like me Newton ka kānāwai, ka mea olelo i ka mea o ka papa hoʻonui aiao hōʻike no nā kinematics o ke kino (2 Newton ka kānāwai), a me nā koa i e kaukaʻi wale ma luna o ka oihana a me ka nui o ke kino velocities. Galileo ninau keia kaukaʻi ma ka honua i loko o keia hihia, e lawe i nā nā helu kaulike a pau o mechanics ka ia ano i loko o kekahi o ka olua nenoai. He māmala'ōlelo no ka pono e ukuhi i Galileo, ka loina o ka relativity hākālia nō i nā kānāwai o nā mechanics hiki ole hilinaʻi ma luna o kahi i loko o ka'ōnaehana ka mea, a nānā aku iā mākou. Kēia rula hiki e hou maʻalahi e manao wale ma ka hana penei.

No kekahi laʻana, ina e hoʻomaka i kekahi ho okolohua ka poʻe i loko o nā keʻena ma kekahi e neʻe maila i pili i kekahi i kekahi, i ka hopena o ko mākou hoʻokolohua, e ia i ka ia no nā lumi.

Nā koi ua kālaiʻia e Galileo, ka loina o ka relativity, ua, ua ike iho la me ke postulate. Together me nā kānāwai o Newton, Galileo, i kēia mau mea, ua ulu, e like me kona huli ana, ua he nui keiki ma luna o ka ulu ana o mechanics like me ka 'epekema.

Galilaia paha ia hou 'ia ma ke kahua o ka mechanics, a aneane hoʻololi he nui i lanakila mua manaʻo e pili ana i ka me mechanical keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Ma 'ana, nā kānāwai o ka i kahi kūlike o loli' e ana i loko o ka hoʻololi mai kekahi ponoi i kekahi, kauoha like manawa, a no ia mea, kŰlń ao i ka manaʻo o "loa manawa". Ma keia hihia, mea ua koi Galileo, ka loina o ka relativity, e hana like me ka kūikawā hihia o ka Lorentz manaʻo a me ka mea pili wale no ka poe liilii, māmā holo (pili māmā holo o ka malamalama, o ka papa).

Ua e olelo mai ai e ia ma mua Galileo ka ke kālaikūlohea ua Aristotle mau hana, i i apono ia ma ka metaphysical hapai ana o ke 'ano a me ke kanaka kokoke universally? Anoee. I ka mea i ho'ākāka 'Ina o ke kālaikūlohea, Aristotle, no kekahi laʻana, hoʻike ana i ka uku o ka haule ana o ke kino ka pololei hapaʻauhau i kona kaumaha, a i kekahi neʻe ia lŘlŘ wale like loa me ka mea ua kokoke ana i "stimulus". Galileo hōʻole i kēia mau mea, ua ulu, a ua kālaiʻia pololei keʻano o ka hanaʻana i noonoo oiaio mea hiki wale mai a me ka wikiwiki ke kaumaha ma muli o ka kino kaumaha i kona neʻeʻana.

Kiko'ī a mechanical e Galilaia relativity rula i mua i manaoia i loko o kona puke "ʻano No ka Two Aliʻi World Systems." Ma ka hapanui o na mea hua'ōlelo ia mea: no ka ikamu i hoʻoneʻe uniformly, keia neʻe 'aʻole i ua mau' ikamu wale i mai i komo i loko o kēia neʻe aloha ia. Ua olelo ae la ia ia i ka loa ke Säkona kekahi postulates Astronomical heliocentrism, i oleloia e ka mea i ka Honua ka kuapo e loli ai i ka papa o nā hanana i lawe wahi ma luna o laila.

Ka mea i Galileo ua kūkākūkāʻia, ka loina o ka relativity, kona mechanistic hou 'o philosophical speculation lilo i ke kumu no ka loaʻa mai o na kanawai o ke kālaikūlohea ma hope o ka make ana o ke nä känaka' epekema nui. Mau nā, no ka mea hoike, i nā kānāwai o ka mālama o ka ikehu, nā kānāwai o ka pendulum kowali a me ka alapine (frequency) e auaaeaiea, oia wānana, a oia dala he kahua physical manaʻo, e like me ka nui o ka poe ikaika no lakou.