Ka mokupuni o Hogland. Nā mokupuni o ke awawa o Finland

Awawa o Finland i loko o St. Petersburg, hoʻowahāwahā i ka pahale mawaho mea keʻakeʻa, a hiki "i anu," i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka mea kupaianaha wahi, ua piha oia me ka maoli ka maikai a me ka hana keaka mōʻaukala. Kekahi o na momi - Hogland - lua mokupuni ma ka Leningrad māhele 'āina. Mea a pau e kipa i ka Hogland, olelo no ia i ka aina o kilohana a me ka hanana.

etymology

Kuekene inoa Hogland mokupuni translates like "kiʻekiʻe lepo." Ua hoopakele, aia no he kŘpa a nā mauna kiʻekiʻe, ulu lāʻau, kahi pohaku kahakai, a waiho aneane hoʻopapakū i loko o ka wai. Ka a pau panorama Ua ano o Hawaiian Fennoscandia. Na Finns i hea mai ka manawa mau loa aku o ka mokupuni o Suur-Saari, ma ka unuhi - ka "Nui Land."

Ana

Hogland Island - ka mea nui i loko o ka Lūkini wai o ke awawa o Finland. Ua Ua Aia 10 kilomika hikina o ka Lūkini malina palena me Finland. North i ka hema ka mea, ua'ōʻia ma kahi o 11 ei, a me kona laula mea mai ka 1.5 hiki i 3 ei. Ka holoʻokoʻa 'āpana o ka mokupuni - 20,65 ei ^2.

wahi

Seemingly i paʻapū i'āpana o ka'āina i loko o ka pono, a no ia mea, he nui KUMUMANAʻO NUI kūlana. Ma ka akau, ua ke aupuni '180 kilomika o St. Petersburg, ke awawa o Finland me Kronstadt pā, he kumu nui Lūkini awa (Primorsk, Vysotsk, Vyborg, Ust-Luga). Haʻalele - Finland, a Estonia.

Ka mokupuni i hookaawale ai i ka komohana, oi hohonu a me ka palemo iho awawa o Finland, mai ka hikina hapa - ka lepo a me ka hou. Ke Leeuwerikplein o ka mokupuni.

• 60ᵒ01 '- 60ᵒ06' mau. W.;
• 26ᵒ56 '- 27ᵒ00' i. d.

Ke kokoke Pinilana kulanakauhale o Kotka ua ke aupuni '43 ei i ka hikina ńkau. Ma ka hema o ka'Ōlelo'Esetonia kapakai o ke awawa mea ma kahi o 55 ei aku, a me ka mokupuni o Great Tyuters - hema-hikina, ma ke kaawale ana o 18,5 ei mai ka hema o Cape. Ka loihi ma ka pololei o ka laina i ka Ust-Luga - 85 ei.

Nā mokupuni o ke awawa o Finland: Hogland

Ke kokua ana o ka mokupuni ua ikaika dissected, piha elevations ka ÷ 108 m + ma ka'ākau hapa (Poheyskorkia puu) i 175,7 ka m ma ka hema (Lounatkorkia puu). Pinepine ka mea, he pohaku pali mai i 10 mau mika a oi, i ka i kā mākou kiʻekiʻe (50-70 m) e hiki aku i ke komohana kumu o na puu a me Myakiinpyayallyus Haukkavuori.

Ma ka hikina a me komohana mokuna i coves liilii, a me kekahi mau mea uuku mokupuni. Shore ka hapanui kahi pohaku, i loko o nā Hono - me ka pohaku liilii paala, a me wale i loko o ka Bay Suurkyulyanlahti - maemae one kahakai. Ua paa hou mai la a me ka pono no ka moku Bay ua aia ma ka akau-hikina o ka mokupuni. Ua Ua hoomaluia ma ke kameleona a me ka moana i ka hohonu o ka 4.2 ka m ma ka muliwai, ma ke komo laula o ka 90 m. South kaikuono ke aupuni 'Suurkyulyanlahti kahiko Pinilana ilina.

Lighthouse

Ma ka mokupuni, he mau lighthouse. North Hogland Lighthouse, Aia ma luna o ka puʻu i kūkulu Poheyskorkia ma lalo o Petero ka Nui i ka 1723. Hawaii Hogland Ua hoʻokumu i ka 1905 ma ke kauoha a ma Rotehama II. Mai ka 2006 i na hana e ku loihi ka hoʻokoloʻana o ka moku, i kukulu ia ma ka South Lighthouse. Na wale lepo alanui hele ma ka mokupuni holoʻokoʻa, ai pili aku i ka hale elua.

ʻepekema hana

Awawa o Finland i nā kānakaʻepekema mea he kū hoʻokahi maoli keʻena hoʻokolohua, ma, mamua o kaʻeleu kanaka haʻawina, ka ke kaiaola ua malamaia ma kona kikokikona ano. Complex? Aneeo kāna huakaʻi i liluwelo Research Institute o St. Petersburg State University no ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i nā mokupuni o ka Lūkini hapa o ke awawa o Finland, a me ka mokupuni o Hogland, paa makahiki, mai ka makahiki 1991 a hiki i 1995 ma ka Initiative, a me ka pololei komo ana o ke Poʻo o D. V. Osipova.

A laila, ka mea i hoomau i 2003-2004 i loko o ka? Aieao o ka hui papahana BiNII a me ka Pinilana i nā hana Institute (TSOSF). I ka 2004 i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i loaa kālā kākoʻo no ka Environmental dala o ka Leningrad māhele. 'Ā inaʻimi loa i ka lewa o ka mokupuni, i lilo ai i ka 2001, a hoomau iho la oia i loko o 2003-2004. E ohi i mea e wehewehe i ka mea kanu paa ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau Institute o Russian Halau o Sciences i loko o 1994-1998, a ma 2004-2006. Ua hoʻonuiʻia ua 'ae' ia e ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau, aeaaiono? A me ka 'ā ina palapala o ka aina, a me ka Hoʻokolo loli ma ke ano ma ka muli o mua loaa aeaiiuo.

Ka UNESCO ia? Aiina

Hogland Island mea ole wale he kūlohelohe attraction. I ka 1826 ma ka mokupuni o ka Kelemānia-Russian astronomer, ka luna hoʻokele o ka Pulkovo Observatory V. Ya. Struve hoʻokumu i kekahi hanana ikamu i ka hapa o ka pīhoihoi pāhana e hoʻomaulia i ka nui a me ke kinona o ka Honua. Ka ai-kapaia "Struve Geodetic piʻo", moe mai ka mokuna o ka Arctic Ocean i ka Danube, ike e UNESCO like me ka World hooilina Site.

E like me ka? Aaeno?, Na mea elua - "wahi Z» a «Myakipyallyus okoʻa ka" (ka inoa o ka mea ia inoa pōhaku) - i hoonohonoho ma luna o kēia keʻena, mai ka aina kahakai hapa. Here Victor Ya kiai pana pua a me azimuths, nae waiwai Astronomical ikepili. Kēia proves pehea nui o ke awawa o Finland.

Ma St. Petersburg ua hana hoʻokipa i kekahi lā e hālāwai kūkā hoʻolaʻa ai i nā 'ikamu "Struve piʻo". Ma ka kūikawā huakaʻi i hoounaia mai i ka moku, a i oaeuiinoe ka maoli ana o ka mea UNESCO. E hoomanao i ka Mokuna kekahi hanana i mau Astronomical hoailona hoʻouka kekahi. Ka mua - ma luna o ka puʻu Myakiinpyayallyus. He He mea hoʻomanaʻo plaque me ka palapala "geodetic heluʻai Myakiinpyayallyus hoʻokumu i ka 1826. Q. I Struve. Mua Ismail 841.657 toise i Gammerfasta 660130 toise. Ka mua ana o ka Melekiana piʻo i loko o Rusia, mai 1816 a hiki i 1855. ".

Suurkyulyanlahti kokoke i ke kaikuono, i loko o ka ululaau, ma ka ke'ō ma ke alanui e alakai ana i ka North beacon, kukulu ia kekahi kia hoʻomanaʻo, ua hoolaa ai no hoi i ke ana o ka Melekiana V. Ya. Struve. Kēia Astronomical hōʻailona "Hogland Z» i ua hoʻouka kekahi ma limahana o ka Pulkovo Observatory.

mōʻaukala sketch

Nā mokupuni o ke awawa o Finland na kanaka] ma ka poʻe mai ka pō mai. Sami lākou mua E ke Kumu. Keia ua mea e hoikeike ma ke kapu mea i loaʻa ma luna o ka piko o ka puu - pohaku, pālule, Sadie, "kuahu", ua like no me na wahi o ka hoomana aku o ka Saami o ke kola Peninsula.

Ma ka Hawaiʻi nei foreseeable wā e hiki mai Hogland ua hapa o Kuekene. Na kaao e olelo aku i ka mamao kūpuna o nā mokupuni he pirates a me smugglers. Mau kaao e plausible, mai ka mokupuni kahi kokoke i ka nui kalepa ala hele, a me ka pōhaku panorama mea he kupanaha awa no buccaneers, hao moku i hele mai, mai ke komohana mai i loko o ka Neva, a Novgorod.

No Rusia ka mokupuni aku la i ka 1743 ma hope o ka hopena o ka maluhia Kuikahi me Kuekene. I July 1788 ma Hogland i kekahi moku kaua ma waena o ka Lūkini, a Kuekene'auwaʻa,ʻikeʻia e like me ka kaua o Hogland. Ua pau me ka lanakila o ka Lūkini'auwaʻa, i kūpono i loko o Rusia hoʻohui a hoʻopaʻa kona ona ana o ka mokupuni.

graveyard o ka moku

Hogland Island ua aia ma ke awawa o Finland, i loko o ka mea naʻau o ka mea, no laila, pili anciently e paa ana ia i kekahi ala hele moana hiki wawe ko. A nui helu o mokuluu a me ka honua nahaha na i ke kumu o pinepine Hanalei i ka mokuna o Hogland. I ka paʻa o kona wā e malama i ka mōʻaukala o ka make Lūkini ekolu-kia lua holo moku "Amerika", a i wahi October po i ka 1856. Ka moku Ua Hikapoloa, me ka pauku a me ka hao i loko o Tallinn, akā, i kekahi manawa, ma ka makani ino aku i ka akau-hikina kahakai, ku i ka pohaku, a ihola kokoke i ka North Lighthouse. Ma ka pā ilina kokoke i ke kulanakauhale Suurkyulya ke ike mau kupapaʻu ma i 2 luna a me 34 luina, mai ka hanaʻino akula moku i kanu "Amerika". I ka makahiki 1999, ua loaʻa i ka i koe iho o kekahi alanui sailboat ma na lala o ka'Ōlelo'Esetonia laau "Ichthyander" Maahelli Bay mai ke komohana o ka mokupuni.

I ka hanau ana o ka Radio

Oiaio, ao hiʻona moku lawe akeakamai ho okolohua A. S. Popova, ka wā ma ka pau ana o January 1900 i hoʻokumu kamailio ma waena o ka pūnaewele telegraph ka Pinilana mokupuni o Hogland Kutsalo kokoke Kotka a me ka mua. Ua mea noteworthy i ke kumu no ka hoao i ka Radio kekahi i hanaʻino akula moku. Battleship "General-Adimarala Apraksin", em ala hele no ka hooilo Kronstadt ma Liepaja awa, November 13, 1899 ku i ka submerged pōhaku i ka hema-hikina mokuna.

Wehe i ka mea, mai ka pōhaku lalo o ka hoouka kaua ana o ka hooilo ka ino, a me ka kokololio kahua o ka hau i ka mokuna o ka mokupuni ua i hiki. No ka mea hui o ka hoʻopakeleʻana hana i, e hoopaa aku i laumania kamaʻilio me ka mea kokoke hooponopono, a i ke kulanakauhale o Kotka, a ma ka mea - i St. Petersburg. Ma hope iho o ka helu o nā ho'āʻo fruitless, e hookupaa ai ia i ka mua Radio loulou January 24 me Lounatkorkia puʻu (e kapa Volcano Popov) eia ka mea hope i ho'īli holomua mua Radio memo. I hoomanao o kēia hanana ma ke kahua o ka mua lēkio leo hoʻouka kekahi stele a me he kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka A. S. Popovu.

XX kenekulia

Mai 1917, ka wā i ke Aupuni Lepupalika o Finland loaa Kuokoa, i ka mokupuni o Hogland hele i Finland. Aia he mau Pinilana kauhale - Suurkyulya (unuhi like Big Village) a me Kiiskinkyulya (Ershov kauhale), a me ka heluna o ka pili ana i hoʻokahi tausani kanaka,ʻano nui komo i loko o ka lawaia a me ka sila holoholona. Penei, e like me, ma ka mokupuni o 896 kanaka i noho ai e like me 1929 helu. Ikaika kumu o ka hale, pohaku paia, i hooakea ai i ka aina - ka hoike a pau o ka mea kahiko maluhia ke ola o na mokupuni i koe ma ka paena o kauhale kahiko. Ma hope o ka pau 'ana o ke kaua Soviet-Pinilana o nā hua'ōlelo o ka maluhia Kuikahi (1940) Hogland i laila' o ia i ka Soviet Union.

Ka mea hana keaka hanana i wahi i loko o ka mokupuni i ka elua o ke Kaua Honua. Ma 'Aukake, 1941 moku, ma ka moku o ka poe nā mea pakele - keiki, na wahine, ho'āʻo e uhai mai o ka hoʻopilikia Tallinn i Kronstadt, akā, ua lukuia lakou e Kelemānia mokulele. Luina poe o ka moku ma lalo o Adimarala IG Svetova hoopakele oi aku mamua o 12 tausani kanaka e noho ana i loko o ka wai. Ma lalo o ka makemake o Adimarala, ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o 1983 ma ke kahakai o ke kai kūʻono Suurkyulyanlahti aʻe a hiki i ka lua kupapaʻu o ka haule koa. Ma kēia wahi i kūkuluʻia ka obelisk.

Iloko o ka Nui Patriotic awawa o Finland i ka loa o Soviet-German confrontation. Makai ka hoʻoili kaua nui ma waena o Soviet, Pinilana a Kelemānia kaua ma Hogland. Kia i ka haule koa mea he kahiko laau keʻa kau ma luna o ka Lake Liivalahdenyarvi.

Hawaii moku'āina

I ka makahiki postwar ma ka mokupuni i hana pakaua, ua kauohaʻia i ka ikaika Radar malu nei dismantled. Anoʻaneʻi he mea wale nō ka meaʻuʻuku palena moʻomanaʻo, a ola hoʻokele hana? Aaiuo ana Lighthouse, e like me limahana o ka meteorological noaioee, ke hoʻohana ma o ka mokupuni mai ka kualapa waena XIX kenekulia.

Hogland hoʻomalu hapa o ka Kingisepp Apana, (ke awawa o Finland, Leningrad māhele 'āina). Ma ke kai kūʻono Suurkyulyanlahti ulu? Enoneiai oaio. Kūkulu elua-moʻolelo Hotel euroclass ua loaa iauaeoia oo? Ecia. Penei, mai ka outpost moku i loko o ka Lūkini ia kenekoa wai palena Hogland ua kiʻekiʻe o huli i loko o ka oo? Enonei-? Mecca o Hawaiian Baltic.