Ka mua kanaka i loko o ka lewa. Haawi mua kanaka ma ka makahiki

ʻO wai lā ka mea, - ka mua kānaka i loko o ka lewa? I ka lua o ka hapalua o ka iwakalua kenekulia mea kupaianaha ma na hanana. Kekahi o ka loa pīhoihoi i ka loaʻa o ke kanaka a puni. pâʻani 'o ia i ka Soviet Union kekahi kūlana alakai ana ma keia qualitative ua lele akula nō, a i wahi kanaka, e hoʻomaka ana e makaikai i pā a puni. I loko nō o ka hakakā ikaika ma waena o ka nui mana o ke ao nei, o ka Soviet Union, a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, hele mai la ka mua i na kanaka ma ka makahiki, mai ka Soviet Union, a kena ae la bouts o nawaliwali huhu i loko o ka enemi aina.

1961

ʻumikumamālua ma April 1961 - ka lā a ua ike i kela schoolboy. Ma kēia lā manned holo ana iloko o ka lewa ka mea i mua hoʻokō. A i ka wa a na kanaka a pau o ka Honua i aoia mai i ka astronaut e mākou Honua maoli nō ka poepoe. Ua i laila, ma April 12, hele ke kanaka ma ka makahiki mua. 1961 la no ka wa pau i komo i ka mōʻaukala o earthlings.

Ka mua ke kanaka i loko o ka lewa - mai ka Soviet Union!

Ma kēlā mau makahiki ia ua he uaua Competition ma waena o ka USSR, a me ka Hawaii. A ma laila, a ma laila 'Imi imi i ka lewaʻimi loa i ka lewa. KeʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia mea i makaukau e lawe mai i ka makahiki mahuka. Akā, e huli mai i lele i ka mua cosmonaut mai ka Soviet Union. Uaʻikeʻia e ia Yuri Gagarin. i lawe ia mea mua mai, a me ka ilio lele makahiki, kaulana Belka a me Strelka, akā,ʻaʻole i ke kanaka.
Ke ao nei a pau mahalo i ka cosmonaut mua, hoʻowahāwahā i ka US hoao ana a pau, e emi ma ka waiwai o kona mahuka ana.

E like me ka mea, ua

Spacecraft "Vostok-1" Ua ee i 9 hora, 7 minuke mai ka Baikonur Cosmodrome, e hali ana i ka Yuri Gagarin. Kona holo ana i ka iki hou, e 108 mau minuke. Mākou hiki ole ke olelo i ka mea, ua pau loa ia i laumania. Iloko o ka lele, he mea ka pōpilikia e hiki ai: aia no he palapala ole; liu mīkini hopu ka mea hewa, no ka mea, o ka i ole disconnected hana Module ua ole triggered; Ua Ua jamming hoopii.

Akā, i ka astronaut optimism a me ka 'ike loea like me ka poe i loaa ole ia. He pae, catapulted i ka Honua. Akā, ma muli o ia ka hoʻokō 'ole' ia ma ka ke peleki pāʻana'ōnaehana o ka mīkini, aole ia i hele mai ia i loko o ka n ieaie? Māhele 'āina (110 kilomika mai Stalingrad), a ma Saratov, kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Engels.

He no ka mea, o keia no ka Amerika Huipuia no ka lōʻihi ho'āʻo manawa, e auhau ia ma luna o ka honua i ko lakou manao i ka holo hiki ole ke kapaia piha. Eia naʻe, ma ka ho'āʻo 'i ua nele. Gagarin halawai mai la me ia ma na aina me ka meʻe. He Ua hookoia i ka Ia kini o likeʻole hoʻolilo 'ia' a puni ka honua.

Yuri Gagarin: he pōkole Kawaihae

Hânau 'ia' o ka iwa ma March makahiki 1934 ma ke kauhale o Klushino Gzhatsk Apana (a ianoiyuaa a ka Apana Gagarin o Smolensk māhele) i loko o ke kua'āina ohana. Aia ka mea, ua hoano e ka hapa makahiki o ka hana o Nazi poʻe hao wale, i ka wa a ka ohana a pau i hoʻokuke akula mai o ka hale, a ua hoʻoikaika e noho i loko o ka dugout. I keia manawa, i ke keiki i ole, ua aʻo, a me ka liberation ma ke kula Red Army laila wale nō ma hope.
Gagarin puka 'o ia mai ka Vocational kula, a helu i loko o ka Saratov Lolina E noa ka Kula. I ka makahiki 1954,ʻo ia i hele mua i ka Saratov lele Club, a ma ka 1955, ma hope o ka puka, i kona mua mahuka ana. A ua noho 196 ma hope.

He laila, puka 'o ia mai ke Koa maunakea School, a mālama ihola iā like me ka ke kahu moku, kinai. A ma ka 1959, i palapala mai i ka hoakaka ana i ka mea hoalii mai ia i loko o ka pae o ka moho no cosmonauts.

Alexey Gagarin make loa i kakahiaka nui, i ka makahiki o ka 34. Akā, no ka mea, he pōkole ke ola,ʻo ia i haʻalele i ka hoʻomanaʻo nui i loko o na naau o na mea he nui kanaka e hoomanao ia ia me ke kanaka mua kipa ma extraterrestrial makahiki.

Ka mua wahine i loko o ka lewa - mai ka Soviet Union!

Ma hope o ka lele Yuriya Gagarina, hoomaka ae la keia au e kūkulu i ka i oi kokololio uuku ae. Man a Space o Laielohelohe kekahi i kekahi me ka hou ka lohi ole. ʻepekema mea e ho'āʻia, no laila, e kipa ma laila ka wahine. Tenacity a me ka manao i kokua mai i nā wāhine Valentina Tereshkova. June 16, 1963, e hoʻomaka ana i ka spacecraft "Vostok-6", kipa i ka wahine mua ma ka makahiki, kaulana mai ke ao nei a pau.

Valentina Tereshkova: he pōkole Kawaihae

Ua Ua hānau 6 ma March 1937 ma Tutaev Apana o ka Yaroslavl māhele 'āina i loko o ka maʻamau ohana. Kona makua kāne i ke kaʻa kauō Keaukaha, a ua make ia ma ke alo, a ua hana koʻu makuwahine i loko o ka lole hola. I ka 1953, ua puka 'o ia i nā papa Valya, a noho ma ka brasletchitsey Yaroslavl mea kanu. I ia laua, ua loaa ia ia ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana i ka po kula.
I ka 1959, he opiopio Tereshkova lilo hoʻomau ana ma ka parachuting, a i hoʻokahi haneri Lele.

Space-ka mea, ua hoʻopili kona hoʻopaʻi i ka 1962, ka wā e i hooholoia, e hoouna aku i ka wahine i loko o ka lewa. O ka nui contenders i koho elima moho. Once lākou i heluʻia i loko o ka cosmonaut Valentina ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka hoʻokāʻoi aʻo a me ka hoʻonaʻauao' ana. A me ka makahiki ma hope, ka mea i koho ia no ka mea mahuka.

Ka mua cosmonaut i loko o ke kahua

Aleksey Leonov ka mua mai o ka spaceship i loko o ke kahua a extraterrestrial a puni. Ka mea, ua March 18, 1965. I ia manawa, aole e pakele ai nenoaiu no na astronauts i ua i. Ka mea, ua hiki ole i ka pae 'ole mai kekahi moku, e hele i kekahi. Kekahi hiki wale manaʻolana no ka iho a me ka 'ana i kūpono e lele ana me ia. Alexei Arkhipovich hoʻoholo ihola ma luna o ka mea, pela kona hoʻomaopopo i ka moe kaʻao Tsiolkovskii i? Aaeaaaaony ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka makahā keena EVAs.

Hou, i ka Soviet Union lanakila i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Lakou, no hoi, makemake i ka hoʻokō. Akā, i ka auoiaea o ke kanaka mua ma ka makahiki i lawe mai i ke Soviet kanaka.

E like me ka mea, ua

Mua, i loko o ke kahua a puni e hoouna mai i ka holoholona, akā, ma hope haalele i ka manaʻo. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ke kumu nui hakaka o pehea i pohihihi mai pehea e hele i loko o ka lewa, ke kanaka makemake ole i ua Wehewehe i nā hāʻina. Eia hou, i ka holoholona mea e hiki ke hai aku ia laila, e pili ana i kā lākou mau hana.

Kula Kaiapuni 'o nā mea mahuʻi ua ma luna o nā lehelehe o ka lehulehu e pili ana i ke kanaka extraterrestrial OAAIeOO i loko o ke kahua. A, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka mea mua na kanaka ma ka makahiki ua kipa ia, ka mea kiko'ī oiaio pehea kanaka hoi mawaho o ke kaa, i ole i kekahi.

Ua koho loa akahele i ka haku mele 'ana o ka luina. Ma waho aʻeo ka maikaʻi physicalʻikepili pono ai coherence a me ka lokahi o ka pau kime. Cosmonauts Belyaev a Leonov lilo i ka mau hoʻokō kekahi i kekahi i loko o ko lakou mau ano o ka ke kanaka.
Cosmonaut noho hope he umikumamalua minuke, oiai i elima mau manawa i hele mai i ka moku, a hoi aku la i hope. ala ae la ke pilikia ia mea, ua pono, e hoʻi i ka cockpit. Spacesuit ma ka holo pehu nui ana ia i hiki ole laila kaomi i loko o ka hoʻomoe. Ma hope o ka moʻo o ka pomaikai ole oe ho'āʻo Leonov hoʻoholo ihola ka mea ku ole i ke kuhikuhi vplyt loko o ke poo, i ka wāwae. iho la oia ia.

Aleksey Arhipovich Leonov: he pōkole Kawaihae

He Ua hanau May 30, makahiki 1934 ma ka Siberian kauhale, kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Kemerovo. Kona makua kāne i kekahi miner, a me kona makuwahine - he kumu.

Alex la i ka ohana nui kekahi, a ua i ka iwa o ka keiki. ʻO ke kula päkaukau, lilo 'o ia hoihoi i loko o enehana maunakea, a ma hope o ke kula kiʻekiʻeʻo ia i komo i ka Pilot Kula. A laila, puka 'o ia ia, mai ka School o ke kinai poʻe hoʻoholo moku. A i ka makahiki 1960, ua ku e aku la ka rigorous koho kaʻina hana, i helu ia ma ka cosmonaut.

Leonov i kona mahuka ana i ka 1965. Mai ka makahiki 1967 a hiki i 1970, ua alakaʻi i ka pae mua o ka Helu astronauts. I ka 1973, ua koho 'ia i loko o ka ami mahuka me astronauts o ka USA, ka mua manawa ma ka mōʻaukala i ka docking o spacecraft.

Alexei Leonov mea he kūwaho hoʻi lala o ka astronaut mau pūʻali, academician o ka Paa a me Li-lunahoomalu o ka Hui o Space Explorers.

Man a Space

Ua haawiia i ke theme like o ka makahiki,ʻaʻole e hōʻike kanaka e like S. P. Korolev a me K. Tsiolkovsky. Lakou mea i ka mua kanaka ma ka makahiki, a aole noho ma laila. Eia naʻe, pili kēia i kā lākou mau hana a me ka hana ana o ke kanaka i hiki ia.

Sergey Pavlovich - i ka mea nāna i hana o ka 'ike loea hou rocket a me ka wa o ka Soviet Union. Ua ua ma luna o kona Initiative, ua hoouna mai ka muaʻimi hoʻopunipuni ukali o ka Honua a me ka "Vostok-1" me Yuri Gagarin ma ka moku. I ka astronaut make i loko o kona lākeke loaʻa i ka Hawaii photo o Sergei Pavlovich.

Tsiolkovsky - he pakiko-ao mai ai i nä känaka 'epekema, noʻonoʻo i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o kaʻimi naʻauao astronautics. He - i ka mea kākau o ka nui iao? A me ka fantastic hana, hoʻolaha i ka manaʻo o ka lewaʻimi loa i ka lewa.