Ke Ke'ena Mineralogical. 'O Fersman. Hale Wai'anae Mineralogical ma Moscou

'O ke kahua'ike'epekema maoli nō o ka hale mīkini hale ma Rusia'o ia ka Kunstkammer, i ho'okumu'ia e Peter the Great. I loko o kona ho'okumu'ana, aia nō he ke'ena kahi i lawe'ia mai ai nā'āpana o nā minera, lawe'ia mai e ka mō'ī mai Danzig. Ma hope o ka manawa, ua ho'onui'ia ka nui o nā hō'ike, a ua ho'oholo'ia e ho'okumu i kahi ka'awale Geological and Mineralogical Museum.

Mō'aukala (a hiki i ka makahiki 1934)

I ka makahiki 1725, ua lilo ke Ke'ena'Umihana'Āina o Kunstkamera i kuleana no ka Academy of Sciences, a ua ho'okumu piha'ia kāna hō'ili'ili me nā hō'ailona hou. Ua ho'olālā'o MV Lomonosov i kā lākou papahana'ana, a ma ka makahiki 1754, ua kākau'o ia i kahi hō'ike piha o nā'ike'ike'ike'ike nui. Ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia XVIII, ua lawe'ia ko lākou helu i 10,000, ua lawe'ia ka hapa nui mai nā huaka'i hele aku i nā kihi i ha'i'ole'ia o ka Pākē Lūkini,'o'Atai a me Transbaikalia. No laila, ma ka makahiki 1836 ua ho'oholo'ia e ho'okumu i kahi Hale Hō'ike'ike'oko'a. Ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia XIX, i ka hopena o ka hō'ili'ili o nā hō'ike e pili ana i ka honua a me ka paleontology, ua ho'ololi'ia ka hana nui o kēia kula. Eia na'e, ma ka makahiki 1912, ma lalo o ke alaka'i'ana o nā mea'epekema haipule e like me V. Vernadsky,'o A. Fersman lāua'o V. Kryzhanovskii ka hale hō'ike'ike i lilo i kumu nui o ka hana'enekema i loko o ka'oihana kālaihana ma ka moku Lūkia. Ma hope o ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana, i hoʻonohonoho 'ia huakaʻi kaua, i nā wahi likeʻole o ka USSR, a ua lawe mai i ka Laʻana o nā waiwai o ka' epekema kumu, e ia i kekahi o ka loa a me ka pīhoihoi nui i loko o ke ao nei. I ka manawa ho'okahi, ua hā'awi'ia ka ho'olimalima'ana o ka hale hō'ike'ike iā Academician A. Fersman, ka mea hiki'ole ke ho'onui'ia ka hā'awi'ana i ka ho'omohala'ana i nā hana'enemo.

Mō'aukala (ma hope o 1934)

I ka makahiki 1934, me ka Academy of Sciences, ua ne'e ka Mineralogical Museum i Moscow. Ua kau'ia'o ia ma kekahi o nā hale mō'aukala ma ka'āina o ka'āina "Neskuchny Sad". Ua hānau'ia e Earl Orlov-Chesmensky i ka ho'omaka'ana o ka XIX mau makahiki ma ke'ano he isna, ma hope ua lilo ia i hale ho'okipa ma ka Hale Ali'i'o Alexandria. I ka makahiki 1956 Mineralogical Museum (Moscow) Ua kapaʻia ma hope o academician A. Fersman, i mea oi ma mua o 28 makahiki (a o kona make ana) alakaʻi i kēia kula, a i ka invaluable na makana i kona ulu ana.

Hō'ike

Ke Ke'ena Mineralogical. He lumi nui nui'o Fersmana, e noho ana ma kahi o 1.2,000 mika mika. Ua māhele'ia i'elua mau'āpana, a ua ho'ouka'ia ma kahi o'elua mau kumukūmālua o nā hō'ike lā'au. Ma ka mahele mua, e'ike nā malihini i nā māhele o ka hale hō'ike'ike, nā pūnaewele o nā mineral a me nā kalikalila, nā hana o ka mineral formation, ka mineralogy o ka Moscow Moscow, meteorites, minerals a me nā mea'ē a'e.'O ka'ao'ao'elua o ka hale noho e noho'ia e nā hō'ike: "Nā Keneka o Five Continents", "Forms of Minerals in Nature, Nā pōhaku nui a me nā mea nani "," Ke'ano o nā'ano kolekela ", me ka ha'i e pili ana i kekahi mau'enehana kino, nā'ili a me nā'ano kino o nā mineral. 'Oiai kekahi mau mea ho'okipa hale ho'okipa e ho'opi'i e pili ana i kāna a'o'ana a i'ole paha i ka manawa i hō'ike'ia ka wehewehe'ana o ka hale hō'ike'ike i ka nānā'ana e pili pono ana, ua kahakaha'ia kona hilina'i a me kona'ano. Ma hope a'e, ua ho'okumu'ia kēia'enekema'epekema a me ka ho'ona'auao i kahi kokoke i 300 mau makahiki i hala aku!

Ke Ke'ena Mineralogical. 'O Fersmana: nā hō'ili'ili

He mau mea i ho'okipa maika'i'ia nā pua nani i nā manawa kahiko. 'O ka nani o nā pōhaku nani nā mea i hana mua'ia e ke kanaka. No laila,'o ka hō'olu'olu nui'ia ka hō'ili'ili'ana o ka hale ho'olima,'o ia ho'i nā mineral e ho'olaha'ia ana ka hale hana tio. Ma ka hō'ulu'ulu'ana, aia i loko o ka'ehā a me ka hapalua mau huahelu e hō'ike ana i nā kahaha'ehiku o nā pūnaewele, a'o nā mineral i loa'a i ka synthetically.

Ho'ola'a'ia kekahi'āpana hoihoi loa i nā meteorites. Ua ho'ohālike'ia lākou he mau kolala o nā kumu'ē a'e o ka'āina a ua māhele'ia i ka hao, ka pōhaku a me ka pōhaku hao. Aia ma waena o lākou he mau kānaka nunui maoli, e like me ke'ano o ka meteorite Boguslavka, i pani'ia e nā'āpana'elua e kaumaha ana i ka 198.6 a me 58.1 kilokilo, ai'ole "Kainsaz", ka nui o nā'āpana o ia mau mea he 210 kg.

'O ka hō'ike nui loa

Ke Ke'ena Mineralogical. Fersman i ka nani ohi o ka maikai a me ka kalaka nui-he pohaku maikai, e like me ka pono me huahana mai o ia mau mea, ma o na la hoihoi nui i waena o ka malihini. I loko o ka'eha, aia 8,000 mau mea helu. I ka papa kuhikuhiE ho'āʻoʻia o keia ohi, a hoʻolaha i ka iau (e nānā Hawaii photo, ma lalo), i ka loa Malachite vase a me ka'āina hoʻohiwahiwa hana o no oe mai na nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao o Charles Feberzhe kaulana Jewelry poe, hâʻawi wale 'ia ka iau e nā poʻe pilikino a expropriated i kaʻOiʻenehana.

Fersman Mineralogical Museum: pehea e loa'a ai nā kumukū'ai a me nā bute

E ike i ka loa nui ohi ana o nā minelala hao i loko o Rusia, e hele aku ma Leninsky Prospekt, a hiki i ke kaʻa'ōhua hooki "Haukapila 'o St. Alexis." Mai laila mai, pono'oe e hele i ka'ao'ao o ka Hōkū Neskuchny a huli'ākau. Ho'omaka hola: mai ka 11.00 a hiki i 17. Ke Ke'ena Mineralogical. Hana'o Fersman mai ka Pō'akolu a hiki i ka Lāpule. Pili ka "pelekane" i ka 200 mau'ūlā, nā haumāna, nā haumāna, a me nā lunamaka'āinana o kekahi mau'ano koho'ē a'e e kū'ai i 100 mau'āpana. Eia kekahi, i kēlā me kēia mahina ma ka lā mua a me ka Pō'akolu i hala nei,'o ka puka komo no nā mea hele a pau ua noa. Ma kahi o ka holo'ana, e ho'onui'ia kahi pū'ulu, nā pū'ali koa, nā pension pension a me nā mea'ē a'e i 2,000 mau pu'u kālā, me nā kānaka nui i koe ('o kahi hui'ole o 15 mau kānaka) e uku ana i 3000 rubles.

Nā hō'ea hou

'O ka Moscow Mineralogical Museum (nā ki'i ki'i i hiki'ole ke hā'awi i ka'ike piha i ka waiwai o kāna hō'ili'ili), me ka'oi aku o nā makahiki'ekolu haneri a me ka nui o ke kālā,'a'ole hiki ke noho mau. Ma hope o nā mea a pau,'a'ole e kū mālie ka'enekema, a'ike'ia mau nā'enela hou. Ma waena o nā ki'i hou, hiki i kekahi ke ha'i aku i ka clinochlor mai ke kakano Korshunov (Irkutsk region), he amethyst 18 cm mai Dalnegorsk, he meganite mai Mexico, he amethyst gum me kahi kiekie o 93 cm, he'umi kenetimeter corundum mai Urals, kahi hekamela Dalnegorsk kūikawā, hematite Patagonia, a pēlā aku.

Hō'ike

Ua nui ka hoihoi nui o ka Mineralogical Museum of Moscow i nā mea a pau i makemake i ka'ike'enekema. Ke ho'oholo nei i nā mana'o ho'ohālikelike,'a'ole hiki i nā malihini ke hō'eha, no ka mea,'o nā mea a pau i'ike'ia e ho'onāukiuki i nā hana maika'i o ke'ano. Eia hou, nui nā malihini kipa e'ike i ka'ike maika'i loa o ke kumuhana a me ka alaka'i'ana o nā alaka'i e mālama pono ana i ka'ike i nā mea i'ike'ole i ka'oihana ho'okele.

I ho'okahi manawa ma Moscow, e'ike pono'oe e kipa aku i ka Hale Hō'ike'ike o Fersman, kahi e hālāwai ai'oe me kekahi o nā papahana kūlohelohe.