Konstantin Ushinsky: he pōkole Kawaihae

Ushinsky Konstantin Dmitrievich kaulana kuhikuhi i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o Lūkini nā kiʻina aʻo, a laila, e like me ka mea kākau moʻolelo. Naʻe, ua i lōʻihi ke ola ana o keia kanaka loea, ka maʻi i aku la ia ia i kona ikaika, ia ua ia ma ka wikiwiki e hana, a ke hana i na mea e ae e like me ka mea i hiki. I ka 1867, ua hoi mai o 'Eulopa, a me kekahi mau makahiki ma hope, i ka 1871 (New Style), make iho la, oia ua 47 wale nō makahiki.

Konstantin Ushinsky maoli i ia Rusia loa nui. Kona passionate moe, i kākau i loko o kona kino diary mai wa uuku mai, ua ia e pono ai i ka Fatherland. Kupono upbringing a me ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia' ana o ka hanauna kaikaina, a hoolilo i kona ola a hiki i keia kanaka.

Konstantin Ushinsky: he pōkole Kawaihae

Kostya i hānau i loko o Tula ma 19 February 1823 i loko o ka ohana o ke alii - he hoʻomaha luna, he veteran o ke Kaua o 1812. Kawaihae Ushinsky Konstantin Dmitrievich Hōʻike i ka mea, i kona wā kamaliʻi ma ke kūlanakauhale o Novgorod-Seversky, Aia i loko o ka'āina o Chernigov, ma ka liʻiliʻi waiwai o kona mau makua, kahi i hoouna mai i kona makua kāne, e hana e like me ka luna kānāwai. Kona makuwahine make loa i kakahiaka nui, i ka manawa āna i ua 12 makahiki.

Ma hope o ua noho mai ka kūloko grammar kula Constantine lilo kekahi haumāna no ke kumu kānāwai o Moscow University. Puka 'o ia me ka hanohano. Mau makahiki ma hope mai o ka manehu Kumu cameral sciences Lyceum ma Yaroslavl.

Naʻe, i keʻakeʻa i kona maikaʻi loa 'oihana nui koke - i ka 1849. Ushinsky ki no ka "unrest" i waena o nā haumāna, keia hoʻokumu i kona e holumua ai wale.

Ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ke ao hana

Konstantin Ushinsky i puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka hana ma luna o kaʻuʻuku bureaucratic kulana i loko o ke Kuhina o Kūloko Affairs. kona mau hana mea e māʻona, a hiki hoopailua, (no ka mea, i loko o kona mau diaries, ua palapala mai ia ia iho).

Ka makemake nui o ka mea kākau moʻolelo i loaa mai ka palapala, ai 'hana i loko o Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke "Library, Ka Anahuinakolu," a me ka "Contemporary", a i kā lākou mau' atikala, unuhi mai Pelekānia a me ka nānā i ka pono hana paʻi ma ka'āina'ē puka Media.

I ka makahiki 1854, Konstantin Ushinsky hoʻomaka i ka hana me ke kumu, alaila, he Kahu Kula o ka Gatchina keiki makua Institute, kahi e hoike mai ai ia ia iho, e like me he kumu maikaʻi, he akamai i na kumu o ka a me ka hoʻonaʻauao aʻo.

hana

Ma lalo o ka aoao o ke kaiapili-kumu kiʻina aʻo ana i loko o ka 1857-1858 biennium. Ushinsky kākau i loko o ka "Pai o Education" kekahi o kona mau 'atikala, a i ka hoohuli ana i loko o kona ola ana, i hele mai i ona lā ma koke i ka mana a me ka nani.

I ka 1859, ua hoonohoia Kahukula o ka Smolny oia Institute no Noble poe kaikamahine maanei. Ma keia luawai-ike kula, a ua pili loa me kaʻohana aliʻi, oiai ka thriving lewa o ka malimali a me ka servility. All aʻo i mālama 'ia i loko o ka uhane o ke Karistiano pono, a ultimately hele ae la ia i ka inculcation o ka naita maʻano, hoomana aku o ka tsarist ke aupuni, a me ka palena iki o maoli ike.

mihi

Ushinsky hookahi hoʻohala kula, mihi i loko nō naʻe o ka ia'ku o ka reactionary kumu, oia hoʻolauna i ka hou aʻo kumumanao. Ano, ke kumu nui nō paha ua ka Lūkini 'ōlelo a me ka moʻokalaleo, e like me na sciences maoli. Ma haʻawina o ke kālaikūlohea a me ka kemika ho okolohua la oia i hoʻolaunaʻia, e like me kēia mau pilikia makapō aʻo na loina i hoʻokumu i ka kaʻaluna maikaʻi a me ka naʻauao o nā kumuhana apau loa. I ia manawa, i kono mākou i ka mea e pono ai na kumu - Methodists ma ka moʻokalaleo, hana kemika, mōʻaukala, etc., a ia Vodovozov VI, Semenov D. D., Semevskiy M. I ...

An hana hoihoi pāʻoihana i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' o ko lākou mau-makahiki kumu kiʻina aʻo haumāna papa no ehiku papa e hoʻomākaukau maikaʻi na haumana no ka maikaʻi kēia hana. Ua hoi e ukuhi i loko o ka hana pono i ke kumu kiʻina hana a me ka hālāwai kūkā a me ka halawai no na kumu. Haumana no hoi i ka pono, e hoomaha ma luna o ka hoomaha, a icai me na makua.

O kēia mau hanana ua loaʻoluʻolu Constantine Ushinsky. Kawaihae no ka poe keiki, e e hoihoi i loko o ka mea ia ia ua no ia i ka palapala iho la oia i na mea he nui kupaianaha manao a me nā moʻolelo.

Children anthology

I ka Ia manawa, i ka 1861, ka mea i hana Ushinsky anthology "Children ka World" ma ka Lūkini 'ōlelo no ka haʻahaʻa papa i loko o nā māhele, i kahi hookahi, a me ka mea i loko o nā sciences maoli.

Ma 1860-1861 GG. ka mea, ua hana ma ka hoʻoponopono hou i ka "Pai o ke Kuhina o Public Education", loa hoʻololi ia uninteresting a me ka maloo polokalamu, a huli ia i loko o ka 'epekema-kumu kiʻina aʻo Magazine.

I koʻu manawa ua hoʻolaʻa ai i keia hihia, Mr. Ushinsky Konstantin Dmitrievich. Pōkole Kawaihae Hōʻike i kana hana i lawe mai i ka puu o ka pomaikai i ke kaiāulu. He kākau a me ka waiho mai ai iloko lawa Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke reactionary 'atikala. No ka mea, ua willfulness mea kākau hiki ole ke uku aku. Ua hoʻomaka 'hounding nā hoapili hoopii ai ia ia ka pili aupuni unreliability a me ka freethinking.

Experience ma Europe

I ka 1862, oia ki ia mai ka Smolny Institute. A laila, i ka tsarist aupuni e hoʻouna aku ai iā ia ma kahi e aku ma luna o ka hele loa i ka Europa study o na wahine o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana. Ushinsky ike keia holo ana, e like me ka olua.

Eia naʻe,ʻo ia hiki mai,ʻimi ana a pau me ka nui hoihoi a kipa i ka helu oʻEulopa'āina. Ma Kuikilana, ka mea, ua maopopo ke akahele këia i ka hoʻomanaʻo o iniiaiie hoʻonaʻauao. Ko lakou hopena a me generalizations Constantine Ushinsky mea he puke no ka lumi papa heluhelu "Native Word" a me aʻo e manual no ka mea. A laila,ʻo ia prepares mau puke o "ke kanaka me ke kumuhana o ka hoʻonaʻauao", a ohi i pau na mea ma ke kolu.

Maʻi a me ka poino

I kona makahiki hope, oia ua hana me ka lehulehu huahelu. He Ua paʻiʻia he nui 'atikala e pili ana i ka Lāpule kula a me nā kula no nā keiki a artisans, oia ua no hoi he lâlâ o ka kiʻina aʻo Ahaolelo Lahui ma Crimea. I ka makahiki 1870 ma Simferopol, oia kipa kekahi mau kula, aʻoluʻolu halawai me na kumu a me kā lākou mau haumana.

Kekahi o na kumu IP Derkachev hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ia i loko o ke kauwela o 1870 Ushinsky hoʻi ka hale, mai ka Crimea a hiki i ke kauhale Bogdanka Glukhovski County (Chernihiv māhele) makemake, e kahea aku i kona hoa NA Corfu Katerinoslavshchina, akā, hiki ole ke hana ia. Kekahi o na kumu ia ua lilo anu, a laila, i ka lono kaumaha ka make ana o kana keikikane, Paul. Mahope ua hoomakaukau oia me kona ohana Ushinsky e noho ma Kiev, a kuai lilo mai i ka hale ma luna o Tarasovskaya. A koke ae hoouna aku la oia i kana mau keikikane, e e hana i loko o ka Crimea. Ma ke ala Ushinsky Konstantin Dmitrievich nui hopu i ke anu a me ka mahana ma Odessa no ka lapaʻau, akā koke make, ka mea, ua i loko o January 1871 (New Style). He Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia ia ma Kiev Vydubychi hoailona.

Beloveds Ushinsky

Wahine K. D. Ushinskogo lilo Nadezhda Semenovna Doroshenko. He halawai me ia hoʻi i loko o ka Novgorod-Seversky. I ua kekahi o ka mea kahiko Cossack ohana. Ushinsky mare iā ia i loko o ke kauwela o ka makahiki 1851 ma ka pāʻoihana huakaʻi i loko o ke kūlanakauhale. Ka mea, heʻelima keiki.

Kaikamahine Vera (kane o Poteau) ma Kiev ma kona mau lilo wehe käne City College, i oleloia ma ka hanohano o kona makua kāne. Ka lua o ke kaikamahine a Hope me ka kala, mai kona makuakane i ka hana i hana mai i kekahi iniiaiie kula i loko o ke kauhale o Bogdanka, kahi āna i noho ai ma ka manawa Ushinsky.