'O ka pāhana potassium Chlorate

I ka manawa pinepine i kapa'ia kēia inoa'o ka Berthollet pa'akai, i kapa'ia ma hope o kahi kānamai mai Farani - Berthollet, ka mea i'ike i ka potassium chlorate, a ua kākau'ia ke kumukū'ai e like me KClO3. Ua loa'a'o Bertholle i ka waiwai ma ka hopena'ana i ka chlorine i kahi hopena mahele i kahi ki'eki'e wela o ka holo ka hopena. Ma muli o kēia hopena, ua loa'a nā kinaika pālolo, ka pālolo potassium, a'ekolu mau kinai wai. Inā e no'ono'o'oe i ke'ano o ka waiwai, pono'oe e ho'olohe i ka'oia'i'o o ka pa'akai Berthollet i ka oxygen.

Ma waho, he pa'akikī ke'oke'o ka pa'akai o Berthollet, he 2.32 grams ke kenetimita kupika, ho'omaka ka ho'olululu i kahi mahana o 356 ° C, a ho'ohehe'e i 400 ° C. 'O ka ha'aha'a he 3.25 grams o ka waiwai i ho'okahi haneri maumu o ka waiwa'aina ma kahi mahana o 0 ° C. Me ka ho'onui'ana i ka mahana, ho'onui ka pa'akai o ka pa'akai bertholet.

Me kahi o ka mahana wela kūpono, he ma'alahi loa ka "uhaki" me nā'ōmole oxygen, a hiki ke hō'ike'ia e ka hoohalike: 2KClO3 = 2KCl + 3O2.

E like me ke'ano, ua hana'ia ka hopena no ka loa'a'ana o ka pa'akai pa'akai, kahi e ho'oholo'ia ai ke kinoea kino ma lalo o ka ho'ohuhi'ana o ka ea ma nā hanahana wela o ka potassium hydroxide a carbonate paha.

I ka manawa o ka holo'ana me nā waihā, e alaka'i'ia ke kahawai wai punahele ma o ka 30% o ka hopena o ka potassium potassium, a ke ho'ohana'ia kahi kānana carbonate, ua ho'ohana'ia kahi hopena o ka ipu lepo i ho'onui'ia he 45%.

He mea nui ia, ma ke'ano o ia hana,'a'ole i kaomi nā kelika o ka mea i nā'ōmole, no laila, pono ke hana'ia e ke alomen i ka manawa o ka hopena.

A laila, potasiuma chlorate, i loaa i loko o ka palapala o nā pōaka E e wae 'ma aniani hulu hipa, a maloʻo pono. Pono e pale i kēia'enehana i ka ho'ohana'ana i nā kānana mai nā pepa pepa, no ka mea, hiki i ka pa'akai pa'akai ke ho'ololi me ka fiber i loko o ka pepa a me ka hopena.

He nui nā'ano e hiki ai iā'oe ke loa'a ka pa'akai Berlotov. Hō'ike mākou i kekahi o lākou.

E kaha i ka 5-10 grams o ka waiho'ana i loko o ka'ōmole Wurtz, a laila e ho'opili i kahi 30-70 millimeters o ka waiuma hydrochloric i ho'ohui'ia me kahi pūniu, pono e ho'okomo mua i loko o ka'ōmole pane. He'oi aku ka maika'i e hana i kēia i loko o ka pulu'ana, no ka mea, ma kēia'ano e ho'oponopono pono'ia ke alapine o ka ho'omohala'ana o ka chlorine i ka manawa o ka hopena.

Hiki iā'oe ke loa'a ka pākiko pākiko i loko o ke ala electrolytic. No keia mea he kiaʻana i kāna kākoʻo pāʻoihana o ke ano o ka paʻakai decomposed ka pilaʻikena. 'O ia'ano hana e like me kēia. E lawe i kekahi o ka pa'akai, maika'i loa o nā mea'ole i ho'okomo'ia me ka iodized. 'Elua ki'i'ikepili graphite, ke aniani, nā'ea uila, kahi hano kuki, kahi ipu Wurz hana'ole i ho'ohana'ia e like me nā lako hana. Kaula e pili ana i ke anu u-ia mea hoʻololi uila i kekahi rectifier e pio AC i DC. Ho'opuka'ia ka electrolysis i kahi mahana wela o nā ki'eki'e 70-80.

Ke naoh ano potasiuma koloriside, i mea nui oi wailana i loko o ka wai ma mua o bertoletova paakai. No laila, ma hope o ka papa o ka naoh, potasiuma chlorate waiho ma luna o nā paia o ka moku, a me ka potasiuma koloriside ua mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka wai.

I ka manawa e hana ana i nā'ano like'ole o nā ho'okolohua a me nā hā'ina me ka mea, pono ia e ho'olohe i ke'ano o ka hui'ana,'o ia me nā mea'alapalapa, he mea weliweli loa, a he "ma'alahi" i nā'ano hopena, nā wela piha. Ma waena o nā mea'oihana'oi loa e hana me ka pa'akai berthollet he sulfur, antimony, kahi malo'o ma'amau,'ōpokopō'ōma'oma'o, ka maloo a me ke kōpa'a.

Paila pūnaehana perchlorate - pālolo pākene - he kūpiliki'i loa. He paena nui loa kēia pūnaewele, no laila ho'ohana'ia ia he "hana waiwai" ma nā hakakā kaua, nā pūpū a me nā minu. No ka wā lō'ihi o ka mālama'ana, hiki ke ho'ohui'ia kēia pilina.