Duchess Maria Volkonskaia: Kawaihae, kiʻi, makahiki o ke ola

Russian moʻolelo mea replete me ka mea kupaianaha wahine, nona ka inoa i ka poe wale i loko o nā 'aoʻao o manakā puke, akā, i hoomanao kanaka o loko. Kekahi o ia mau mea - Mary Volkonskaia. Ua - i ka nui-moʻopuna wahine M. V. Lomonosova, i ke kaikamahine o ka meʻe o ke kaua o 1812 a me ka wahine o ka Decembrist.

Duchess Maria Volkonskaia: he pōkole Kawaihae

January 6, 1807 ma ka General Nikolaya Raevskogo a me kana wahine Sophia kaikamahine Masha. Ka 'ohana ua nui (eono keiki) a me ka launa, hoʻowahāwahā i ka hikiwawe o ka makuwahine a me ka makuakane o ka oolea. Na kaikuahine aloha e pāʻani mele, a me Maria mele ke aloha, a ma ka hale hana pinepine 'ia e nā malihini. Me A. S. Pushkin e hiki no i kekahi manawa, ua i loko o ke aloha me Masha umikumamaono.

Winter 1825 Mary mare aku i ka 37-makahiki-kahiko Prince Sergeya Volkonskogo. 'Aʻole no ka ke aloha, akā,ʻaʻole ma ka poe ikaika no lakou.

Me ka mau loa-i'ō i kane ua kākaʻikahi ike, a hiki wale i kona hānau mua i ka hānauʻana aku mai kana kane. A ua loaa ma hope o ka nele uprising ke komo ana o ke aliʻi i loko o ke kipi. Ma hope iho o ka hookolokolo ana o kana kane Maria Volkonskaia loaa ae e hahai aku ia ia i Siberia. Kēia hana i ole ia i kona ohana, akā, ma luna o manawa, he leo makuakane ia ia, me ka naauao.

Hele pū ana me kana kane ma ka okoa halepaahao, Maria Nikolaevna noho ma Blagodatnoye koʻu ma Chita ma Petrovsky hola a me Irkutsk, ua lilo aku i loko o kēia mau hele ana o kekahi mau keiki.

Hoalaia mai i loko o ka 'ohana a me ka noho pomaikai affluent, Princess Maria Volkonsky Decembrist wahine, courageously hoomanawanui i nā kālā o ke ola convicts, aole loa hoohewa, mālama i ka wahine a me ka hooulu ana i na keiki. Ka poe i holo.

30 makahiki ua hoʻopaʻaʻia ia me kana kane ma Siberia, a hoi aku la ka hale wale nō i ka MH 1855. I ka 1863 Maria Nikolaevna make mai ka naau mai i loko o ka waiwai o kana kaikamahine i loko o ke kauhale o funnels, a me ka makahiki ma hope e hiki mai ana ia ia i kanu a me kāna kāne.

Ano, e like kila

Princess Maria Volkonsky - kekahi o na kanaka ikaika loa a me ka inflexible ka mea, a hiki ma ke kenekulia aole i oki iki i ka makemake a me ka hoihoi o ka mahalo. Ua Ua kapa hoʻohanohano ma ke ano o ka ikaika makemake, a me ka makemake e hahai i ko lakou ideals, mai i mālama i ka mea ole.

Ulu ma ka hale hoʻoulu mea kanu, ma lalo o ka'ēheu o kekahi moku akā, mālama a me ka lokomaikai makua kāne, Maria Nikolaevna, loaa ia lakou iho i ka loaʻa kekahi kumu, i haʻalele nō naʻe,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i hahai i ka manao o ko ke ao nei, a me ka makemake o ke kanaka maoli.

Ua aʻo e pili ana i ka hopu ia ana o kana kane, e loaʻa hou mai ka pilikia hanau Maria categorically hoomalau mai i ka hāpai 'ana i' ōlelo i ka makua i ka mare ana i ke alii, a hele aku la i St. Petersburg, me ka manao e ike i kana kane. Keia Hāʻule maila lākou a pau i kona mau hoahanau, a me ka palapala i kāna kāne intercepted a wehe. Kekahi mau manawa kaikaina Alexander i ho'āʻo ana e lawe aku ia ia, mai St. Petersburg, akā, haʻalele Volkonskaia wale ia mai ke keiki.

A ma hope o ka hookolokolo ana, ma i Prince Volkonsky i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka hoʻokuewa wale 'ia a me ka hana oolea, Mary huli mai ai i ke aliʻi, e ae ia e hele pu me kana kane. A pau ae i aeia, ka mea i ole deter olelo hooweliweli, aole hoi makua kāne,ʻaʻole ona makuwahine hōʻino. Ka haʻalele 'ana i kana keiki i loko o-kānāwai mua, Volkonskaia hele aku i Siberia.

Ua ua he maoli paio, ka mea i alakai i ke kaikamahine 18-makahiki-kahiko no ka mea pono, e noho ana me kana kane, aole wale ma ka olioli akā, i loko o ke kaumaha. A ua lanakila 'o ia Maria Nikolaevna keia kaua, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i iho i huli aku, a hiki mai kona makuahine, i i kākau iā ia i ka laina i Siberia. A ina Nikolay Raevsky ma ka pau ana o kona ola ua hiki i kona kaikamahine Kanawai i ka mahalo, i kona makuwahine, aole loa ka aie.

"Ma o ka hohonu o ka Siberian i eliia ..."

He paʻakikī e noonoo ai i na pehea oe ke hele haneri o ka mile ma ka hooilo, i loko o ka halelewa. Akā, Volkonskaya Mai makau oukou, aole hoi i anu, aole hoi poino inns, a no kou kino, olelo hooweliweli Tseydlera Kiaaina o Irkutsk. A i ka ano o kana kane i loko o ka pali lole komo, a hoohaalulu iho la ia i nā kaulahao, a me Maria Nikolaevna ma ka uhane impulse hina i kona mau kuli, a honi i ka shackles ma kona mau wawae.

Mua Volkonskaya i Siberia me kana kane i hele mai Ekaterina Trubetskaya, ka mea i lilo aku la o Maria, a kahiko hoa a me ka hoa. A laila, ua hui mau wahine mau ma ka 9 nā wāhine o ka Decembrists.

Ole a pau o ia poe o ka maikai ka hanau ana, akā, noho loa na hihia, a me ka noblewoman eagerly aoia mai prostolyudinok nä akamai, no ka mea, ka mea, pinepine mai i ike i ka walaʻauʻana - hana kālua berena ole e ai. A laila, pehea hauʻoli kā lākou mau wāhine Decembrists concoction, e lalana ana a me ka mālama i ka wela o ka uhane o kēia mau wāhine.

I ka mea hou i hala iho nei pampered aristocrat Maria Volkonskaia a hiki e hoʻokele i loaa i ke aloha o ka kūloko kauwa a me ka ano o convicts, i kokua mai, pinepine Noho i ke kālā hope.

A i ka wa a na pio i aeia e neʻe i Irkutsk, ka hale Volkonsky a me Trubetskoy lilo maoli Hawaiʻi waena.

E kahea aku i ka naau a ma ka behest o ka aie?

He nui nā 'atikala a me ka buke hoolilo i keia wahine kupaianaha, ka mea i ole wale no ka muli loa i waena o nā wāhine o ka Decembrists, akā, i kekahi o ka mea mua, ka poe i makau ole ai i ai kekahi i ka manawa o ka hana. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole wale nō kēia hana hoihoi Maria Volkonskaia, Kawaihae a nō,ʻo ka noonoo ana o ka noiʻi.

Aia ka he ākea manaoio ia Maria Nikolaevna o kana kane i ole aloha. A au hiki ole aloha, no ka mea, i ka ahaaina mare ua māhunehune kama'āina me ia, a laila, no ka noho o ka makahiki a me ka luna ma luna o ka ikaika o na malama ekolu, a hiki laila kākaʻikahi i ike ia ia.

He aha laila, ua paipaiʻia Volkonskaya, e kaumaha aku lākou maikaʻiʻana, a ola o unborn keiki? Wale i kekahi ano o ka hana ana i kana kane?

Aia i kekahi wahi o ka Hawaii. Maria Volkonskaia, ina i aloha i kana kane no ka manawa mua, a laila, mahalo a hiki mahalo no ia, ulu i loko o ke aloha. Ma ka olelo a Shakespeare: "Ua nui kona aloha ia ia no kona ai ..."

A hiki kuleana ike nohona nä känaka 'epekema Lotman, ka poe i manaoio i na wahine o na Decembrists - maemae hoʻoipoipoʻana i kupu i loko o ka Awaits novels, a eia aʻe o ka hana i loko o ka inoa o ke aloha - i ua hookomo ia ma ka ola o kona pilialoha ideals.

"Diary o Maria Nikolayevna Volkonsky"

I ka hoʻiʻana i ka hale, Princess Volkonsky olelo e pili ana i kona ola ma Siberia ma ka "Notes". Ka mea, i kākau i loko o ka 'ōlelo Palani, a manao wale n? I kana keiki Michael.

make o kona makuwahine i ka hope o ka mea, i ole ano pihoihoi mai e kala aku ia, akā, no unuhi 'i loko o ka Lūkini' ōlelo, a hiki heluhelu excerpts N. A. Nekrasovu. 'Ikamu i ma luna o ka haku mele loa holoʻokoʻa i hele mai,ʻo ia a hiki i ka wa e lohe ana i ke ola o ka convicts a me kā lākou mau wāhine, kahea aku la.

"Memoirs" i paʻiʻia ma 1904 ma ka maikai pai hale o St. Petersburg - ma pipiʻi pepa me ka etchings a me phototypes.

Ka loiloi 'ana o wā a me nā pua

Ma ka hana o ka Decembrists, ka mea i hoʻoholo ihola e kū'ē i ka mooolelo ho'āno o ka imperial mana, ka mea hiki ke hana ia ma kekahi aoao. Akā, i ka hana o ko 11 o kā lākou mau wāhine, i hele ma hope o hoahewa ia kane i loko o ka mamao a me ka weliweli Siberia mea io no ia e pono no ka mahalo.

Ua i loko o ka XIX kenekulia, e holumua ai lālā o ke kaiāulu kanaka, hāʻawi mai i kēia mau wāhine kokoke halos o ka poe haipule. N. A. Nekrasov ua mea hoolaa kona poem "Lūkini wahine", a lewa no ka maoli hanana i wehewehe Mary Volkonskaya.

Ma XX kenekulia, kakau iho la oia e pili ana i na wahine o ka Decembrists iao? A me ka noʻeau buke, i Film, ka mea kukulu kia hoʻomanaʻo i, no ka laʻana, ma Chita a me Irkutsk.

Maria Volkonskaia, Kawaihae a i ka lewa i loko o ka "Notes", a me ka lā koe i ka huahelu koʻikoʻi loa, i waena o nā wāhine o ka Decembrists no ka mea, o kona wā'ōpiopio, a surprisingly ikaika manaʻo aukahi.