He aha ka eukaryote: ho'ākāka o ka mana'o, nā'ano o ka hale

He aha ka eukaryote? 'O ka pane i kēia nīnau e waiho nei i nā peculiarities o ka hanana o nā pūnaewele o nā'ano like'ole. E nānā mākou i nā nuances o kā lākou hui i kā mākou'atikala.

Nā'ano o ka hanana o nā pūnaewele

Ho'oka'awale'ia nā pū'ali o nā mea ola e like me nā hō'ailona like'ole. 'O kekahi o lākou ka ho'olālā o nā mea i loa'a i loko o nā molepoka DNA. He mau mea'ele'ele'o'Eukaryotes i kahi o nā pūnaewele i kūkulu'ia. 'O ia he pūpili'elima-membrane e pa'a ana i ke kinona. Ma nā prokaryotes'a'ole kahi'ē a'e. 'O nā'ano lā'au like me nā'ano bacteria a me archaea.

'O ke'ano o nā pūnaeka prokaryotic

'O ka nele o kahi pu'upu'u'a'ole ia he mana'o'a'ole nā meaola'ōparyotic i loa'a kahi pono'ole. Ho'opomo'ia ho'i i loko o ke ka'ina o nucleotides. Eia na'e,'a'ole i'ike'ia ka'ike pilikino ma loko o ka pūnaewele i kūkulu'ia, akā, ua'ike'ia'o ia e kahi mole mole DNA. Kapa'ia'o ia he plasmid. 'O kēia mole i ho'ohui'ia i ka'ao'ao o loko o ka membrane plasma. 'O nā pūnaewele o kēia'ano ke'ano'ole kekahi o nā'ano o ke kino. Ho'okumu'ia nā'ōnaehana prokaryotic e ke'ano mua, ka li'ili'i a me ke'ano ha'aha'a o ka hui.

He aha ka eukaryote?

No kēia hui nui o nā meaola āpau, he mau elele ia o nā mea kanu, nā holoholona a me nā ha'iki. 'O nā huaola he'ano ola'ole o ka ola, no laila'a'ole i'ike'ia kēia ho'ohālikelike'ana.

Kaʻilikai pa alima aeea prokaryotes poe i ka wai kokoʻili lahilahi, a me ka na Contents - cytoplasm. He kikowaena o loko o loko o loko e hana ai i kahi hana pa'a, e ho'ohui i nā hale a pau i kahi holo'oko'a. 'O nā pūnana prokaryotic kekahi i'ike'ia ma ke kū'ana o kekahi mau helu o nā hamo. 'O kēia ka Golgi complex, endoplasmic network, plastids, lysosomes. Mana'o kekahi he mea ola nā eukaryotes ma nā pūnaewele kahi'a'ole he mitochondria. Akā,'a'ole pēlā. 'O kēia mau mea i loko o nā pūnaewele eukaryotic e lilo ia i kahua no ka ho'okumu'ia'ana o nā'ōpū ATP-ikaika i loko o ke kele.

Eukaryotes: nā hi'ohi'ona o nā meaola

Eukaryotes i ka ekolu aupuni o ke ano. Eia na'e, me nā hi'ohi'ona ma'amau, he nui nā'ano like'ole o ko lākou mau pūnaewele. Eia kekahi la'ana,'o ke'ano o nā mea kanu e hō'ike'ia ana ma ka mālama'ana i nā'ano o nā chloroplasts. Aia ia i loko o lākou he hana ho'ouluhuapili ko'iko'i o ka ho'ololi'ana i nā mea lā'au ho'omehana i loko o ke kulukose a me ka oxygen. 'A'ohe o nā holoholona i kūkulu'ia. Hiki iā lākou ke komo wale i nā mea'ai i ho'omākaukau'ia. 'Oko'a kēia mau hale i ke'ano o nā mea hana ma luna. Ma nā pūkoi manu ma luna o ka membrane plasma he glycocalyx. He pā'ani pa'akikī viscous kēia i loko o nā proteins, lipids a me nā'aleko. No ka mea kanu, wehewehe aku ma ka halepaahao paia. Ua Ua Aia ma luna o ka wai koko ʻili lahilahi. Ke aeea pa ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma luna' carbohydrates kelulose a me ka pectin, a haawi aku ia i ka ikaika a me ka rigidity.

He aha ka eukaryote, i hō'ike'ia e ka hui o nā haha? 'O nā pūnaewele o kēia mau meaola kupaianaha e hui pū i nā hi'ona o ke'ano o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. 'O ka ho'ohui'ana o ko lākou pūnuka pūlala e komo pū me nā'alekole cellulose a me chitin. Akā na'e,'a'ole i loko o kā lākou cytoplasm nā chloroplasts, no laila, e like me nā pūkoi manu, hiki i ke'ano heterotrophic mea'ai kūpono.

Nā holomua holomua o ka hanana o nā eukaryotes

No ke aha i loa'a ai nā'eukaryotes a pau i nā meaola i hō'ea i kahi ki'eki'e o ka ulu'ana a hālahalaha ma ka honua nei? 'O ka mea mua, no ke kūlana ki'eki'e o ka'oihana o ko lākou'ano kino. Alii molekuda DNA hookomoia ma na keena o ka koʻohune, ua hoakaka ka easiest ala o ko lākou nā'ōlelo - aeea mahele i elua. No ka hopena o kēia hana, ua ho'onohonoho'ia nā kope kope o nā pūnaewele kaikamahine. Nā'ōlelo o kēiaʻano mea oiaio e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ka ka hoʻomauʻana o nā hanauna , a hoomakaukau i lawa ka hoʻokēʻaiʻana hōʻike hou o ia keena. Eia na'e, hiki'ole i ka puka hou o nā hi'ohi'ona hou i ka papa o ka māhele i loko o'elua a me ka'ōlelo. A'o kēia ho'i,'a'ole e hiki i kēia mau lā'au ke ho'ololi i nā'ano loli. No nā pūnaewele eukaryotic, ke'ano o ka moekolohe. I loko o kāna papahana, he ho'ololi'ana i nā'ike pilikino a me kona recombination. Ma muli o kēia hopena, ua'ike'ia nā po'e me nā hō'ailona hou, a he mau hō'ailona kūpono paha, i ho'opa'a'ia i loko o kā lākou genotype a hiki ke ho'ouna'ia mai kekahi hanauna ai kekahi hanauna. 'O kēia ka hō'ailona o ke'ano o ka ho'ololi'ana,'o ia ke kumu o ka loli.

No laila, ma kēia'atikala ua nānā mākou i kahi eukaryote. 'O kēia mana'o,'o ia ke'ano o ka meaola e loa'a ana i nā pūnaewele kahi pu'upu'u. 'O kēia hui o nā meaola a pau nā māka'i o ka honua a me nā holoholona holoholona, a me nā ha'ani. 'O ka pūpū he hale pūnaewele mau loa e hā'awi ana i ka mālama a me ka lawe'ana o ka'ike pilikino i nā meaola i ho'opili'ia i loko o ke ka'ina o nā nucleotides o nā mole mole DNA.