Mekala 'åkilikai - keia kumu paha,ʻaʻole? He aha nō kona waiwai?

He ahaʻakika a paʻakai paha, ka hapanui maopopo loa. He paʻakikī, e imi i kekahi mea i mea ole ka malama i ka omole o ka vinega a hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ke ola i ka ai, me ka iʻaneʻane kekahiʻai mea hou a me ka tasteless. Akā, mea lye? 'O kēia ka ia me ka waihona ipu, a me ka ole? He aha hana mea okoa mai kaʻakika? Na ninau ke kumu kekahi, a nolaila, ae aku ia makou iho, e hoomaha ia ia i ka ike i kekahi manawa, e noho ana i loko o ke kula.

Mekala 'åkilikai - He aha ka keia?

I hoʻomaka me, ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia hui me ka wai i loko o ka Nine Inch kapa hydroxides. I ka waiwai o kēia 'ano, ka'amoniuma, mekala' åkilikai a 'ākilikai honua'ōlinolino, ua ikeia me he mekala 'åkilikai. I huli ai oe, i ke kumu - o ka electrolyte, i komo pū, ma ka hou i hydroxide Ion (OH ^{-),ʻaʻohe'ē} aʻe anions. Pela, ua hiki ke olelo aku i ka mekala 'åkilikai - o kekahi wailana kumu. E hana e like me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia hydroxide ke subgroups Ia a me iia, (ka poe e hele mai ma hope o kalipuna). 'O kekahi mau hui i e paʻakai lye (NaOH haʻilula), paʻakai bariat (BA (OH) _2), potasiuma hydroxide (KOH), cesium hydroxide (CsOH), etc. Ka mea, ho i ka paa keʻokeʻo waiwai, a i wehewehe aku e kiʻekiʻe hygroscopicity.

waiwai alkalis

Noho male 'ana i loko o ka wai o ia hui ua pu e nui ka wela hanauna. Ma Group Ia mekala 'åkilikai ikaika loa - he cesium hydroxide, a me ka Group iia, - radium hydroxide. An laʻana o keia 'ano o ka nawaliwali pili' o Randy ke hookauwa ammonia a slaked Lime. Caustic alkalis i wailana ma ka ethanol a me ka metanola. I ka paa ana a pau kēia mau waiwai omoʻia i ka wai, mai ka lewa a me ka i carbon dioxide a lohi iho i loko o carbonates. Ua nui loa ka waiwai o ka mekala 'åkilikai mea e like me ka hopena o kona naoh me kaʻakika ka paʻakai hanaia - i kēia hiʻona ua loa pinepine hoʻohana' ia i loko o ka hana. Ma kēia mau wahi i pili ke hele uilaʻikena, a nolaila ka mea, e pinepine hoʻohana like electrolytes. Hoomakaukau hoʻohana 'ana i ka electrolysis o ka mekala' åkilikai chlorides a ma ka reacting oxides o ka mekala 'åkilikai ke hooheheeia me ka wai. Ka hana olelo hoʻohana i ka papa hana mua a me ka lua o ka ua hoʻohana 'ia ka hapanui e paka slaked Lime. Ma ka'ākilikai 'ia, e hoike mai i ke kaikea, a me keia waiwai ua hoʻomano hoʻohana' ia i loko o ka hana o ke kopa. A helu o nā kumu e luku mea kanu a me ka holoholona nā'aʻaʻa, nāuki mai i kaʻili a me ka luku aku kapa. Alkalies hiki ke pane koke me kekahi mea hiki ke hooheheeia (e laʻa me Aluminum), a me ka mea hiki, e hoʻopale kila mai ka popopo. Ka mea, e hoʻopale i ka wela - paʻakai hydroxide hiki e hoʻoheheʻeʻia, a lawe mai i ka mai hehe, akā, ka mea e ole decompose. Mau mea nui okoa mai ka mekala 'åkilikai insoluble kumu, kekahi o i (no ka laʻana, kala hydroxide) decomposes a hiki i mehana ea. Like pono me nāʻakika, i kēia mau waiwai āpono nui malama a me ka kiʻekiʻe e koi ma ke ana o ka palekana koi. Eye hoomalu e hana me ka lye ka wā IeAUPIIe, IAa IO komo makaaniani. Ka malama ana ia lakou ua 'ae wale i loko o kūikawā moku - inu ipu mea e ole pono.