Saint Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod, Veliky Novgorod: nā kiʻi a me nā hiʻona o ke kuhikuhipuʻuone

I waena o nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i o Makamua Rusia ninoaaeyao he kūikawā wahi o ka luakini i i kūkuluʻia ma Novgorod ma ka XII kenekulia, a ike ia Sana Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod. A manawa pōkole moʻolelo o kona hanaia'na ua hookomoia ma ka extant i kākau lima vaults, a me ka 'ike hou aku i ka hopena o ka lawe mai hulikoehana hana i loko o laila. E noho mākou ma luna o kēia hanana hoike o ke kahiko.

Prince - he punahele o Novgorod

E like me ka extant kia hoʻomanaʻo i o kahiko ke kākau 'ana i kapa ia ka "lua o ka Novgorod Chronicle", i 1113 ke keiki Vladimira Monomaha, Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich, ma ke kae akau o ka Volkhov i hoʻokumu pohaku Hale Pule Nui o St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa.

I ka halaʻana, ka mea e e hoʻomaopopo i ka luna Mstislav kā lākou pono hana hoʻolimalima i loko o Novgorod ke aloha a me ka ao veneration. No ka mea manawa mua ma luna o nā kapa o ke Volkhov ia iʻikeʻia i loko o 1088 i ka makahiki o ka umikumamakolu, i hoouna aku ai i ka? Aiaiiuie noho alii o kona kupuna kāne, ka Grand Duke o Kiev Vsevolod ia. Ke keiki aliʻi i ka mea i haule oluolu i na kanaka, iʻehiku makahiki ma hope, ka mea, ia lakou iho i kapa ia, ma hope a ma ka 1097 Novgorod i hope i koho ia no ka Mstislav Resolution Lyubech Ahaolelo Lahui aliʻi.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE Hale Pule Nui o Novgorod veche

A wahi no ka kūkulu o ka luakini i i wae mai ma ka iho. I hiki ke ike mai i ka ia chronicle, hoʻokahi haneri makahiki aku nei, e like me ka luna o Novgorod, kukulu ma laila i ke keena o Yaroslav Mudry. Penei, keia wahi ua aia e ku pono ana i ka Novgorod Kremlin, o Detinets, loaa he kūikawā kūlana haʻahaʻa, a me ka Sana Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod - no laila ia i Ua hoʻomaopopoʻia i waena o na kanaka, ka mea i kukulu i ka ekalesia aliʻi. It E e kaulana no hoi ia ia mea i kekahi o ka mea kahiko hale o ka luakini o Novgorod, ka lua ma ka makahiki wale Sophia Hale Pule Nui.

Hoʻolaʻa Saint Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod ua i ka 1136, ka wā kipaku i ka Kiev Prince Vsevolod Mstislavovich, e noho ana i hoʻokumu i ka Novgorod Repubalika. Ua ua ike ia mai ke kumu mai o ka XIII kenekulia ekalesia o St. Rotehama lilo kona papa kuhikuhiE veche Hale Pule Nui. Up a i ka haule ana o ka repubalika i ka 1478, ma kahi o kona komo i hele i ka walaʻau a me ka discordant hoʻokiwikā keena.

Hale Pule Nui Square, a ua lilo i Arena o ka paio pili aupuni

Mai ke kukuluia'na i loko o ka Novgorod republican ano o ke aupuni o ke aliʻi e noho ai ka mea i hoʻoneʻe waho i ke kulanakauhale palena, a ua ma Rurik noho. Mai ia manawa, losing i ke kūlana o ka Luna Nui Palace Church, Hale Pule Nui City, a me ka mea hamama no a pau comers.

E like me ke kakaolelo, mai 1228 Saint Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod (Veliky Novgorod) hoike i ka pahikaua pili aupuni kaua ma waena o nā aupuni, a me ka na kanaka. Ma waho aʻeo i kupono 'ohi' ia, nā lālā o ka i i koho laʻelaʻe 'ia o nā hele o ke ola, mai ka paia mai o ka Hale Pule Nui i hele ana i ka ai-kapaia seditious keʻena. Kēia mau lā, ua piha Hale Pule Nui Square me na haneri o disgruntled hoʻoholo ia ma ka hale i loko o ke alo o St. Sophia Hale Pule Nui, a i kekahi hale aku, o ka ahakanaka bele.

Hoopaapaa ma waena o kekahi mau wahi o ke kulanakauhale

Ka moolelo o ka wa kahiko Novgorod i kona aupuni hoʻokele i kekahi hoopaa mai i ka hoike o ke paio ole wale ma waena o kekahi heluna pūʻulu, hoʻokaʻawaleʻia ma ka lawelawe papa, akā, i waena o kaʻelimaʻokoʻa i nā wahi o ke kulanakauhale, i kapaia o "na welau". Ke noiʻi, keia kŰia ua, ua kapaia "mezhkonchanskoy paio."

Ma ka puka komohana o ka Hale Pule Nui neo? Aaiiai? Ka ai-kapaia ka papahelu Veche - paepae a podium, papahana no ka loa a me ka pepeiaohao nui influential i komo i loko o ka ahalunakanawai, ku ma i i noʻonoʻo i ka hanohano nui. Iloko o ka paio ma waena o nā wahi likeʻole o ke kulanakauhale (1218-1219), ka wā ka mea, ua ole nae i hana i ka maopopo delineation o ke kūlana o kēlā me kēia o ke kue aoao, Saint Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod, a me ka pili wahi lilo o ka piko o ka ikaika clashes i escalate i loko o kona pā hale i kekahi manawa kēia ho'āla kaua.

Ma lalo o ka malu o ke olaʻi vaults

Me ka hoʻokiwikā kūlana o ka luakini, a, ma luna o nā mea a pau, ka mea hoano, ka Hale Pule Nui, e like me ka hookupaa kauoha mai ka wā kahiko, ia mea he awa no ka poe a pau i imi ke ola, mai nā me nā luna, a ma ka inaina na kanaka i ka. He nui me neia examples hiki ke loaʻa ma ka palapala mooolelo o ka manawa. I ka pau, kekahi o nāʻoihana hai ia ma 1338 ma kipi nui o ka townspeople i hoopakele i ka mea, kipaku archimandrites Esif a me Lawrence. Hahai lōʻihi manawa malama ia ma ka puka o ka Hale Pule Nui, akā, i mai noho oe a komo i loko o ia, a hoʻopakele i ka ola o ka poe auhee.

Au o ka emi ana o ka Hale Pule Nui

Ma ka mea kēia kenekulia, ka wā Novgorod lilo kona kuokoa, a lilo ae la kekahi hapa o ka Luna Nui Duchy o Moscow, ka mua vechevoj Saint Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod ole i loko o ka diocesan oihana, a ma ka hale. Ua haawi mai la i ka manawa e loaa ai kona ola kekahi aupuni waihona kālā, a me ka maikaʻi ia ma luna o ka mau kulana.

Ka mea, ua mai a hiki i ka waena o ka XVIII kenekulia, ka wā o ka paa ana o Empress Elizabeth, la oia i hoolilo ai i ka mana o ka Diocese o Novgorod, a lilo ke kulanakauhale i ka Hale Pule Nui me ka hui ana, i hiki ole pili kona kālā kulana. E like me ka hopena, ka hoʻopiʻi no ka nele o ka haawina e pono ai no ka overhaul, Saint Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod (Novgorod) a hiki i ka hopena o ke kenekulia ia lilo dilapidated, a hiki i ka pilikia moku'āina.

Mahope? Aeiino? Oeoey o ka Hale Pule Nui

Wale mai ka wā mai o ka noho alii ana o Emperor Alexander I loko o ke ola ana o ka Hale Pule Nui hoomaka hoʻololi no ka maikaʻi. I ka makahiki 1810, ma ka mea kiekie loa kauoha i hoʻokuʻu dala no kona? Aeiino?, I kokua mai, e kūkulu i ka komohana a me ka akau aoao o ka palena manawa, a e hale: o ka sacristy, mahana Chapel,ʻahā like a me ka lanai. Eia hou, i ka noho alii ana o kana keiki - Rotehama I, i hoalaala ia i ka papahele o ka Hale Pule Nui me ka nou ana la o slabs.

I ka 1913, i ka haipule ma Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod (Novgorod) wehe kona puka i ka imperial ohana. Ke kumu no kēia hanana i ka vosmisotletie mahope mai o kona i ka lepe puke a me trohsotletie noho House o Romanov. Ma ka Ewa o ke kipa o kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe hoaʻai i loko o ka mea, he ākea huahelu o ka hoihoi hou ia ana ka hana i lawe mai.

Ka hopena o ka luakini ma ka Soviet makahiki

Ma hope o ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana i ka hou aupuni i pani i ka Hale Pule Nui. Keia ua mea e hoikeike e malamaia mai kēlā manawa palapala a me Memories o ka wa kahiko. Ke wale 'uao i loko o kona ola ana hiki ke noʻonoʻo me ka olelo hooholo o ka Novgorod City Council, mai ka makahiki 1933 ma ke kumu o ka a ka ekalesia ua lilo ia nā ka iau. Mai laila, kona mau pā a me ka manawa haipule hana Kauai.

Iloko o ke kaua, Saint Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod i loaa nui poino. Ma 'ana, mai ka shelling poino i kona hale, a me ka hoaka o māhele. Eia hou, i ka holoʻokoʻa ka leo o ka hikina kahiko i komohana kela aoao i ka hohonu mau māwae, a kaahele lakou ma ka masonry paia, hoaka a me nā vaults. A pōkā pahū i loko o ka lānai komohana i loa luku kaupaku.

Ma hope o ke kaua i lawe mai i ka moʻo o ka hoihoi hou ia ana na hana a me Sana Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod hoi ia i manaoio, akā, i ka 1962 kona kūlana me ka ekalesiaʻikena i hoopauia. Mai ia manawa, i ka malama o ka Novgorod kēia māhele 'āina e neeaaia, lilo' o ia i ka mea o ka scrutiny. Ma mahope makahiki,ʻo ia i hoʻopiʻi 'he ākea huahelu o hulikoehana hana, a komo i ka maikaʻi ka naʻauao o kona mōʻaukala a me ka palapala nānā aku. Ke Dome o ka Hale Pule Nui o ke kulanakauhale o ke kahua i planetarium.

Saint Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod: kuhikuhipuʻuone hiʻona

I keia la, i ka Hale Pule Nui kahiko, ka malama ana i ka manao o ka mōʻaukala o ke aupuni kūʻokoʻa Novgorod Repubalika, ninoaaeyao he alakai kulana i waena o ka mea'ē aʻe hale me loko o ka luna 'o ka Novgorod kuai. Kona kuhikuhipuʻuone helehelena o ka loa laconic a me ka ikaika.

Saint Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod, kiʻi o i i hōʻike mai iā ia i loko o ka 'atikala, mea he elima-na¯ haʻawina hale mua, i ka hikinaʻaoʻao kau palena ia ana e ekolu apses - semicircular pa nā wānana waiwai, a i waiho i loko o ke kuahu. Kona vaults i kākoʻo 'ia e eono ikaika kia aia i loko o ka papa kuhikuhiE hale.

Lākou outlines ekalesia paipai i kona pilina me kekahi masterpiece o kahiko Novgorod kuhikuhipuʻuone - St. Sophia Hale Pule Nui. I mau, e like me ka manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, kona helehelena hoʻopili like i na mooolelo i hoʻokumu i loko o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone o Kievan Rus o ka XII kenekulia. Ka mea, ua lilo ka palena manawa o na mea he nui ekalesia hale o Novgorod, a me ka haipule ma Rotehama Hale Pule Nui, Novgorod.

Nā frescoes i kona pena i loko o nā makahiki o kona hoʻokumu, no ka hapanui loa nalowale, a wale he uuku o lakou i koe i loko o ka palapala o ke kaʻawale koena ai. Iwaena o lakou, ua hiki ke kahińuli i ke kiʻi o ka "hope hoopai", kauʻia ma luna o ka komohana pa, ka "Three Hierarchs" ma ka paia hema, e like me ka'āina o ka "Job-hoomanawanui ma gnoische" i loko o ka kikowaena apse.

modernity

I ka wā mai ka 1994 a hiki i ka makahiki 1999, ka wā o ka reorganization i wehe i hou uku no ka malama ana o ka moʻomeheu a me ka mōʻaukala hoʻoilina o ka hala kenekulia, Ua lawe mai hou-hoihoi hou ia ana o ka Hale Pule Nui. hana papahana nui a hiki i ka hui o nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone alakaʻiʻia Novgorod GM mau pou, a me ka hoʻolako 'ia o ua ea ae ana he NGO "Hansa o Oʻahu."