Vitus Behring (Vitus Jonassen Bering). Photo, Kawaihae

I ka hanau ana o ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka hoʻokele ua ole ia e kekahi hanana nui. 'Aʻohe makemake manaoio i ke keiki, e pono ole ia i ka poʻe luina Kelemania e, a me he paionia nui, a hiki ma ka hana ana o kekahi State. ʻO paakiki ke olelo aku nei au i kumu ua paipaiʻia i ke keiki, e komo i kaʻoihana moku hana i loko o ka Russian aupuni a ua ole no ka mana o mākou mana i ka manawa. Paha Behring ua hiki e ike no lakou iho i kekahi mau olelo hoopomaikai. Ia i kekahi mau loa ka pilina i ka discoveries i ana ia ia, a he mea hiki, Leeuwerikplein, a me ka mōʻaukala manaʻo nui. Behring ole wale loaa hou na aina a me nā mokupuni ma ka akau o ka aina, akā, i hiki i ka mokuna o ke kāleka, a ua nui loa.

Ka mua makahiki o ke ola

Vitus Bering Ua hanau August 12, 1681 ma Jutland (ke kālā no Denmark) ma Horsens. ʻAʻohe kūikawā kulanakauhale i ole oko: kekahi ekalesia a me monasteries - i ka mea a pau i ka mea makau. Hoomaka ae la oia e hoʻomōhala wale nō ma hope o 1442, ka wā āna i haawi mai i kaʻo Samuel hana, a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kino i loko o ke kālepa waena.

Ke kaona Ua aia ma ke kahakai, a ua i ka awa. Ke meʻe o kā kākou moʻolelo, mai ka makahiki loa mua o ke ola, ka mahalo aku i ka nalu, a moe hou iho nei o ka holo. Eia nae o kona makua kāne,ʻo ia, e like me kekahi mau moʻolelo, ka aoao luna, a aole loa haʻalele ko lakou mau wahi. Ua mea i maopopo no ka mea kumu, aka, ma ka loa hoʻomaka o kona 'oihana luina Kelemania e papai i kapaia o kona makuwahine.

Ke kai Peahi i ke keiki, no laila ia mea e kahaha ko oukou naau i, ua i adolescence,ʻo ia i helu i ka Part I Hawaii Cadet mau pūʻali, a me ka 1703, i kona makahiki 22, ana pau ia. Akā, ma mua ia, Vitus Bering i kekahi wahi huakaʻi a hiki i ka hikina Indies Hōlani moku. Apparently, laila, i ka wā e hiki mai hele Behring, a i ka paa olelo hooholo, e kuhikihi ana i ko lakou hopena me ke kai.

Ma ka hana o Peter I

Pehea e ku i ka Lūkini Moku Vitus Bering? Kona Kawaihae 'aʻole helu' keia lilo o ka pololei 'ike. Mākou wale ike ia i ka manawa ma na kauoha o ka Emperor Petero ka Nui Lūkini Russian Moku Adimarala Korneliy Ivanovich Kryuys hoʻoili i loko o ka lākou o ka hoao ana i ka seafarers no ka hana. Sievers a Senyavin hooku iho la ia i ke keiki, i ka i ana ma ka Hikina Indies ia mea, ua hala aku, nolaila, kekahi i ka hoao ana nae e komo ai. Mai nā kumu, ua ike makou ua Vitus i makemake e malama i kona hoahānau Sievers, ka mea, ua i loko o ka Moana, a me ka oiaio ma o ka Russian aupuni a pau. Ka mea a ka mea, ua, akā, ua hiki mai ka oiaio o kona moe, a me Behring hoouna aku ai i St. Petersburg. Aiaʻo ia i ia, e kahu ai i ka moku i kaʻi aku i ka wahie, e kūkulu i ka pā kaua Kronstadt. 'Aʻole i nui, akā, no ke kai!

Soon Vitus Bering i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ai i ka lutanela, a hoomaka ae la e hana hou kuleana a me ka hana nui paha. He i kuleana i loko o ka Azov kai eʻe, Hoʻokolo ka neʻeʻana o ka moku ma ke awawa o Finland Swedes, komo i loko o ka hele ana mai Arkhangelsk a hiki i Kronstadt, hookauwa aku la ia ma ka moku "Pearl" me kona kau mai Hamburg a hiki i St. Petersburg. A koke,ʻaʻole e ala ana i ka luna o ke alii mua, Behring haalele koa hana.

Hoʻokolo mooolelo o Vitus Bering

Inā mākou e ma kekahi mea a pau kaua, a me ke kuleana i loaaʻImi Loa Behring i kona mau koa 'oihana, ua loaa i ka papaʻaina kēia:

I kēia mau inoa a me ka hanohano no ka 20 makahiki o ka hana hoʻohanohano Vitus Bering. Pōkole Kawaihae, naʻe, i i hōʻike aku i nā pono o nā hoʻokele a pau. No ka moʻolelo a me nā geographers oi hana hoihoi 'mahope loa o kona ola.

Hoʻomohala a me ka pilina o Kamchatka i ka Lūkini aupuni a pau

Ua mau ulu wale o ka serfdom hiki ole akā, pili i ka Lūkini mōʻaukala. kauwa uhu imi iho la ka aina i makemake lawelawe me kā lākou mau puuhonua mai ka hoomaau ana. No laila, i nā kanaka i hiki a me Siberia, a ma laila i Kamchatka. Akā, i ka ?? eoi? Ua hoolahaia'ku [na kanaka, no laila, i nā huakaʻi i hoʻonohonoho 'ia no ka āpana a me ka hooulu ana o ka aina, waiwai kumu waiwai, für, a no laila, ma luna o .. I ka 1598 i ka Siberian Khanate i paki, a me ka wahi i kekahi hapa o ka Russian aupuni a pau.

Ka nele no ka noiʻi i loko o Kamchatka

? Ac? O Kamchatka a me nā panalāʻau e noho Siberian i kekahi mea o ka lahui nui. Mua o nā mea a pau ka mea, ua pono, e hoopiha i ka waihona waiwai. Akā, i ka hapanui poorly naʻauao na paionia 'kanaka, ka poe i kuhikuhi huli i nā minelala hao, e wehe ae hou panalāʻau, a me ka auhau i ka kūloko heluna. Ka State pono palapala o ka aina hou a me ka kai ala hele.

I ka 1724, o Petero ka Nui puka i ke kānāwai ma luna o ka hoʻolālā o ke kai eʻe i Kamchatka alai ae ia e Vitus Bering haawiia. Ke hele i kauoha e kiʻi iā Kamchatka, e kūkulu mau moku, a hele aku la lakou i ke kūkulu'ākau, e imi i wahi kahi America ua pili me Siberia, a ua loaʻa mai i ke ala iʻEulopa kulanakauhale.

First Kamchatka huakaʻi o Vitus Bering

Ua hoʻopiʻi 'ana i ke ano o ke Kapena a me ka luna o ke' lii mua, i ka wā e hiki mai hele i i he alii mea. Ma hope o 2 pule - 25 January 1725 - na lala mua o ka huakaʻi i aku, mai St. Petersburg a hiki i Kamchatka. Ka hui oia no elua manuwa luna (Alexei Chirikov a me Martyn Shpanberg), surveyors, shipbuilders, hoʻokele, hoe waa, na luina, kuke. Ka huina helu i hiki 100 kanaka.

Ke alanui ua pilikia a me ka huikau. Au i ke kiʻi i kekahiʻano o nāʻaoʻao: kaʻa, sledges me nā'īlio, muliwai moku. Hiki i ka 1727 ma Okhotsk, hoomaka ae la ka hana o ka moku, e hana i ka walaʻauʻana hana o ka huakaʻi. Ma kēia mau moku Vitus Bering hiki i ke komohana kapakai o Kamchatka. I Nizhnekamchatsk Ua kukulu moku kaua "St. Gabriel", ma ka hoʻokele a me ka hui hele ma. Ka moku i hooholoia ma ka pilikia ma waena o Alaska a me Chukotka, akā, ma muli o ia i ka nana ana i ka luina ole, ua hiki ke ike i ka mokuna o ka'āinapuniʻole 'Amelika.

Ua lawe mai Part o ka pahu hopu o ka huakaʻi. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia hoʻi i loko o 1730 ma St. Petersburg, hoʻokele hoʻolako i ka olelo ma luna o kona hana a me ka hoolaha aku i ka kekahi huakaʻi papahana. Ka hapa nui o ka'āina o ka luna luna a me nā kula i maopopo ole, e like ana ia ia iho, Vitus Bering, i kona wehe. Akā loa importantly ka mea, ua hoao aku au ia - Asia, a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia ka mea,ʻaʻole e pili ana. A hele i hoʻopiʻi 'ia Kapena-luna koa.

Ka lua o ka huakaʻi i Kamchatka

Ma hope o ka hoʻiʻana i ka hoʻokele iā ia, mooolelo a me nā palapala i i ka kekahi hilinaʻiʻole. Mākou i e hoomalu aku i kona hanohano, a, e ho'āpono aku i ka hilinai waiho i loko ona i ka lani kiekie loa. A me ka pahuhopu uaʻaʻole i nā mea a pau, ua loaʻa. Oe hiki ole ana ma waenakonu. No laila, he lua huakaʻi, a ua kauoha ia Vitus Bering. Kawaihae i kākauʻia e wā o ka hele, hākālia nō ia, koke ma mua o ka mea mua huakaʻi a hiki i na kapakai o Kamchatka, wehe i ka Shestakov, a me ka pilikia, a hiki i ka Kuril Islands. Ae, akā, i kēia mau discoveries i ole, ua hoʻopaʻa pepa paʻi kiʻi. Dane ua laki -ʻo ia i hoʻonaʻauao, hiki ke 'ole, a kālailai i ka hopena, a ua pono kāleka.

I ka lua o ka huakaʻi o Vitus Bering i ka i kēia pahu hopu:ʻimi loa i ka lewa o ka moana o Iapana a me Kamchatka i ka waha o ka Amur, Palapala ─ina ka holoʻokoʻa'ākau kapakai o Siberia, ka e piʻi like ana o ke kahakai 'Amelika, a me ka kuai ana me na kamaaina, ina kekahi, e e loaʻa ma laila.

I loko nō o ka mea i noho i ka imperial noho alii Anna Ivanovna, Rusia i koeʻoiaʻiʻo i nā'ōlelo o ko Petero ka. No laila, i ka papahana pili influential luna o ka Admiralty. Kānāwai ma luna o ke kai eʻe i paʻi i ka 1732. A hiki laua i Okhotsk, i ka 1740 Behring hale elua holoahi waapa - ". St. Paul" "Sana Petero," a me ka Ka mea, noiʻi i hele mai i ka hikina kapakai o Kamchatka.

huakaʻi i nā hualoaʻa

Sea hele i kēia manawa ua oi holomua. Akā, i ka mea ia manawa lono kaumaha - i ka hooilo, i ka 1741 Vitus Bering make. He aha ka mea, ike, hiki ke auhauia wale a laila. No ka mea, laila hōʻoia i ka pololei o ka hopena o kana hana ua noho pilikia - ka alanui a hiki i Siberia mea nō kekahi e kaukaʻi ma ka manao wale, o ke ano. Akā, i laila, e hele i mua i ka hoʻohana pepa i ua Vitus Bering hoʻomaka 'ana. I ka puka o ka pioneering nui ae, e hana i ke ana a me ka hanaʻino o ka hou aina.

Pela, ke penei i hana:

• Achinsk kai kūʻono o Petropavlovsk, ua hookumuia oia.
• Ma kēia Bering Sea hiki i ka mokuna o Alaska.
• Ma ke ala hoʻi, a wehe ae la i ka Aleutian Islands Shumagin.
• Kaha palapala i ka Aleutian laulā.
• Ike a kaha palapala Evdokeevskie Islands a me Chirikov (Misty).
• Open Bering Island, kahi i make ai i ka 1741 hoʻokele.
• Kaha palapala i ka ?? eoi? O ka'ākau a me ka hikina Rusia, i ka wahi lulu ?? eoi? O Siberia.
• Zakartografirovany Kuril Islands.
• Au ike i ke ala a hiki i Japan.

Inā e hoʻokolokolo i ka mōʻaukala o Leeuwerikplein discoveries, he mea hiki, e huai ae i ka huakaʻi ua wale hapa o ka nui kai eʻe. Ua Ua pau i loko o pono kekahi mau makahiki i ke kahua o ko Bering ka make, a hiki laila wale nō no ka mea, o kona mauʻaha hui tālena. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ua mahele ae la oia i ka i komo i loko o hui o ka Northern huakaʻi, hoopukaia i kēlā me kēia hana. I loko nō o ka kanaka kāki, i ke kai eʻe, ua pau loa ana.

nana aku la e like Vitus Bering?

discoverer helehelena kekahi biographers i kanalua ai. Ua huli mai i ka ninau kiʻi, a depicted Vitus Bering (kiʻi laila, ua ole), mai hoʻopili like i ka aku o ka lanakila. Kēia mau kiʻi o kona makua kāne. Hoopaapaa i hoʻonā e nana i ka puniu wale no, a me ka hou-hoʻokumu o ka paia waho ma ka mea o ka hōʻulu. E like me ka hopena, i loaa ka maoli ili o ka hele. Ua, Vitus Bering (kiʻi i hōʻike mai iā ia i loko o ka 'atikala) i he loa okoa helehelena. Akā, i kēia 'Aʻole i detract mai i ka nui o kona mau discoveries.

Ke ano o ka hoʻokele nui

E like me ka loaʻa 'ike, o ka hoʻokele i kekahi mau akahai maoli, i ua ole hoʻomākaukau no ke poo o ka huakaʻi. A nae Bering palua hoonohoia i keia oihana. It E e kaulana kekahi oddity. Siberia kanaka noiʻi i i makemake e lawe mai i ka hihia a hiki i ka hopena? Acoeueoao - ia i hiki ke noho i loko o ka manawa, i ka wa o ka pahuhopu ma ka lima. Kēia hiʻona Bering kaulana a me na makamaka, a me nā lālā o nā Hikes. Aka, ka mea, ua waiho ia me ka luna a me ka hoʻokuhikuhi, a me Petero ka Nui, a me Anne Ioannovne. Pehea la e hiki ai ia ke wehewehe? Ka mea, e ia i ka mea e, hoʻowahāwahā a pau kona hewa, Vitus Bering i ka hoao ana i ka hoʻokele. He ike pehea e hahai kauoha, ua nui loa ke kuleana a me ka hooko, a me ka, hope akā,ʻaʻole ka liʻiliʻi loa, he devotee o ka moku'āina, ma kona hana ua. Ae, paha no ka mea, o keia mau ano ka mea, i koho e lawe mai i kēia mau mea nui Leeuwerikplein noiʻi.

Hale kupapaʻu o Kamchatka kanaka noiʻi

Ma hope o Vitus Bering halawai me kona make ana ma ka moku, a oia no hoi ike aku la ia i kanu, a hoʻouka kekahi, e like me ka hana mau ana o ka manawa, he laau keʻa. Ua mea akaka i ka laau i e amo, a haihai me ka manawa. Naʻe, i ka MH 1864 ma ka kahi, like me ka mooolelo o ko Bering mau hoa, i kona lua ua, he hou laau keʻa i kukulu. Ka mea, ua i ka makaʻu o ka Lūkini-American Company, i hoʻokumu i ke aupuni o Paulo.

huli huakaʻi i nā wahi o Siberia kanaka noiʻi o ke kanu ana i hoʻonohonoho i ka makahiki 1991. Ma ka mokupuni ka mea i ike i ka halekupapau o Bering ole wale, akā, iʻelima hou luina. Nā koe i ola, a hoouna aku la i Moscow e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina. Ka iwi, a me ka iwi poʻo i hoihoi hou ia kona helehelena hele. nā kānakaʻepekema, ua i hiki ke loaʻa mai i ka mea, i ole e make mai puʻupuʻu i manaoia ma mua, akā, mai ka maʻi (a mea, kaʻoi loa, ua i ikeia). Ma hope o ka pau 'ana o nā haʻawina i koe i hoi aku ai i ka mokupuni a me ka reburied.

Mea i i kapaʻia ma hope o ka hoʻokele nui

I mea e hoomanao ai no ka hele, a me kona makana i Leeuwerikplein haʻawina, ua haawiia mai ia mau mea i kona inoa:

• Na alanui ma Moscow, St. Petersburg, Astrakhan, Nizhny Novgorod, Murmansk, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Tomsk a me Yakutsk.
• Island Straits, Cape, me ka hauneneʻe, Sea.
• Icebreaker a me kakolina diesel-ka pila.
• State University ma Kamchatka.
• Mea kanu e ulu ana ma ka Hōʻole akula Hikina.

Eia hou, i ka hele wehe 'ia i ka manaʻoe kūkulu he "Ka Mele o Bering a me kona mau hoa."

Meaning hoʻokele discoveries

He mea hiki ole keia i ole e ike i ka nui o ke kai holo o Vitus Bering. He mahalo ia ia, aia no i ka mea mua loa-i unuhiʻia palapala o Siberia. Ma hope, e kōkua mai i ka ulu ana o ka hawaiian hapa o ka Russian aupuni a pau. Ma kona mau kiʻi e hoomakaʻeleu kūpono 'ana o ka māhele' āina. Hoomaka ae la e extract nā minelala hao, ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hoʻomohala i ka hoʻouku a me ka foundry oihana puolo.

Ka Russian aupuni a pau i ke kala e kahe ana i loko o ka pahu a me ka hou panalāʻau, a mahuahua nui kona global manaʻo nui a me ka hopena. A me ka hapanui o importantly - i ka aina i ka manawa e kalepa ana me ua mau aina i ka i ka mea, ua hiki ole ke kiʻi kāinoa mua E ke Kumu aoao. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i kēia mau nā panalāʻau e noho ana ma lalo o ka mana o nā Hawaii e kauoha aku no lākou e holo i ka nui uku. Aka hoi, mamua o kona pono a pau, i ka hoʻomaopopo pono a Vitus Bering ua posthumously ma hope e hooiaio ai o ko lākou mau discoveries ma nā kaʻahele wale. No ka laʻana, he luawai-ike e ka Bering pilikia i loaa kona inoa mai ka oluolu lima o James Cook.